CHAPTER – 10

CIRCLES
THEOREMS
1) The tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact.
2) The lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
1. From a point Q, the length of the tangent to a circle is 24 cm and the distance of Q from the
centre is 25 cm. Find the radius of the circle
2. In the below figure, if TP and TQ are the two tangents to a circle with centre O so that  POQ =
110°, then find  PTQ.

3. If tangents PA and PB from a point P to a circle with centre O are inclined to each other at angle
of 80°, then find  POA
4. The length of a tangent from a point A at distance 5 cm from the centre of the circle is 4 cm.
Find the radius of the circle.
5. Two concentric circles are of radii 5 cm and 3 cm. Find the length of the chord of the larger
circle which touches the smaller circle.
6. A quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a circle. Prove that AB + CD = AD + BC
7. Prove that the angle between the two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle is
supplementary to the angle subtended by the line-segment joining the points of contact at the
centre.
8. Prove that the parallelogram circumscribing a circle is a rhombus.
9. Prove that opposite sides of a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle subtend supplementary angles
at the centre of the circle.
10. Prove that in two concentric circles, the chord of the larger circle, which touches the smaller
circle, is bisected at the point of contact.
11. XY and X′Y′ are two parallel tangents to a circle with centre O and another tangent AB with
point of contact C intersecting XY at A and X′Y′ at B. Prove that  AOB = 90°.

12. A triangle ABC is drawn to circumscribe a circle of radius 4 cm such that the segments BD and
DC into which BC is divided by the point of contact D are of lengths 8 cm and 6 cm
respectively. Find the sides AB and AC.

13. Two tangents TP and TQ are drawn to a circle with centre O from an external point T. Prove that
 PTQ = 2  OPQ.
14. PQ is a chord of length 8 cm of a circle of radius 5 cm. The tangents at P and Q intersect at a
point T. Find the length TP.
15. Two tangents PQ and PR are drawn from an external point to a circle with centre O. Prove that
QORP is a cyclic quadrilateral.
16. If from an external point B of a circle with centre O, two tangents BC and BD are drawn such
that  DBC = 120°, prove that BC + BD = BO, i.e., BO = 2BC.
17. Prove that the tangents drawn at the ends of a chord of a circle make equal angles with the chord.
18. Prove that a diameter AB of a circle bisects all those chords which are parallel to the tangent at
the point A.
19. From an external point P, two tangents, PA and PB are drawn to a circle with centre O. At one
point E on the circle tangent is drawn which intersects PA and PB at C and D, respectively. If PA
= 10 cm, find the the perimeter of the triangle PCD.
20. In a right triangle ABC in which  B = 90°, a circle is drawn with AB as diameter intersecting
the hypotenuse AC and P. Prove that the tangent to the circle at P bisects BC.
21. If d1, d2 (d2 > d1) be the diameters of two concentric circles and c be the length of a chord of a
circle which is tangent to the other circle, prove that d 22  c 2  d12
22. If a, b, c are the sides of a right triangle where c is the hypotenuse, prove that the radius r of the
a bc
circle which touches the sides of the triangle is given by r 
2
23. Out of the two concentric circles, the radius of the outer circle is 5 cm and the chord AC of
length 8 cm is a tangent to the inner circle. Find the radius of the inner circle.
24. Two tangents PQ and PR are drawn from an external point to a circle with centre O. Prove that
QORP is a cyclic quadrilateral.
25. If from an external point B of a circle with centre O, two tangents BC and BD are drawn such
that DBC = 120°, prove that BC + BD = BO, i.e., BO = 2BC.
26. Prove that the centre of a circle touching two intersecting lines lies on the angle bisector of the
lines.
27. In below figure, AB and CD are common tangents to two circles of unequal radii. Prove that AB
= CD.

28. In below figure, AB and CD are common tangents to two circles, if radii of the two circles are
equal, prove that AB = CD.

29. In below figure, common tangents AB and CD to two circles intersect at E. Prove that AB = CD.

30. In below figure, from an external point P, a tangent PT and a line segment PAB is drawn to a
circle with centre O. ON is perpendicular on the chord AB. Prove that :
(i) PA . PB = PN2 – AN2
(ii) PN2 – AN2 = OP2 – OT2
(iii) PA.PB = PT2
31. If a circle touches the side BC of a triangle ABC at P and extended sides AB and AC at Q and R,
1
respectively, prove that AQ = (BC + CA + AB)
2
32. If a hexagon ABCDEF circumscribe a circle, prove that AB + CD + EF = BC + DE + FA.
33. Let s denote the semi-perimeter of a triangle ABC in which BC = a, CA = b, AB = c. If a circle
touches the sides BC, CA, AB at D, E, F, respectively, prove that BD = s – b.
34. From an external point P, two tangents, PA and PB are drawn to a circle with centre O. At one
point E on the circle tangent is drawn which intersects PA and PB at C and D, respectively. If PA
= 10 cm, find the perimeter of the triangle PCD.
35. If AB is a chord of a circle with centre O, AOC is a diameter and AT is the tangent at A as
shown in below figure. Prove that BAT = ACB

36. In below figure, tangents PQ and PR are drawn to a circle such that RPQ = 30°. A chord RS is
drawn parallel to the tangent PQ. Find the RQS.

37. AB is a diameter and AC is a chord of a circle with centre O such that BAC = 30°. The tangent
at C intersects extended AB at a point D. Prove that BC = BD.
38. Prove that the tangent drawn at the mid-point of an arc of a circle is parallel to the chord joining
the end points of the arc.
39. A chord PQ of a circle is parallel to the tangent drawn at a point R of the circle. Prove that R
bisects the arc PRQ.
40. In below figure, the common tangent, AB and CD to two circles with centres O and O' intersect
at E. Prove that the points O, E, O' are collinear.

41. The tangent at a point C of a circle and a diameter AB when extended intersect at P. If PCA
=110º , find CBA
42. In below figure. O is the centre of a circle of radius 5 cm, T is a point such that OT = 13 cm and
OT intersects the circle at E. If AB is the tangent to the circle at E, find the length of AB.

43. Prove that the tangents drawn at the ends of a chord of a circle make equal angles with the chord.
44. Prove that a diameter AB of a circle bisects all those chords which are parallel to the tangent at
the point A.
45. If an isosceles triangle ABC, in which AB = AC = 6 cm, is inscribed in a circle of radius 9 cm,
find the area of the triangle.
46. Two circles with centres O and O' of radii 3 cm and 4 cm, respectively intersect at two points P
and Q such that OP and O'P are tangents to the two circles. Find the length of the common chord
PQ.
47. In a right triangle ABC in which B = 90°, a circle is drawn with AB as diameter intersecting
the hypotenuse AC and P. Prove that the tangent to the circle at P bisects BC.
48. A is a point at a distance 13 cm from the centre O of a circle of radius 5 cm. AP and AQ are the
tangents to the circle at P and Q. If a tangent BC is drawn at a point R lying on the minor arc PQ
to intersect AP at B and AQ at C, find the perimeter of the ΔABC.

MCQ QUESTIONS (1 mark)

1. If angle between two radii of a circle is 130º, the angle between the tangents at the ends of the
radii is :
(a) 90º (b) 50º (c) 70º (d) 40º

2. If radii of two concentric circles are 4 cm and 5 cm, then the length of each chord of one circle
which is tangent to the other circle is
(a) 3 cm (b) 6 cm (c) 9 cm (d) 1 cm

3. In the below figure, the pair of tangents AP and AQ drawn from an external point A to a circle
with centre O are perpendicular to each other and length of each tangent is 5 cm. Then the radius
of the circle is
(a) 10 cm (b) 7.5 cm (c) 5 cm (d) 2.5 cm
4. In below figure, PQ is a chord of a circle and PT is the tangent at P such that QPT = 60°. Then
PRQ is equal to
(a) 135° (b) 150° (c) 120° (d) 110°

5. In the below figure, if AOB = 125°, then COD is equal to

6. In the below figure, AB is a chord of the circle and AOC is its diameter such that ACB = 50°.
If AT is the tangent to the circle at the point A, then BAT is equal to
(a) 65° (b) 60° (c) 50° (d) 40°
7. From a point P which is at a distance of 13 cm from the centre O of a circle of radius 5 cm, the
pair of tangents PQ and PR to the circle are drawn. Then the area of the quadrilateral PQOR is
(a) 60 cm2 (b) 65 cm2 (c) 30 cm2 (d) 32.5 cm2

8. At one end A of a diameter AB of a circle of radius 5 cm, tangent XAY is drawn to the circle.
The length of the chord CD parallel to XY and at a distance 8 cm from A is
(a) 4 cm (b) 5 cm (c) 6 cm (d) 8 cm

9. In below figure, AT is a tangent to the circle with centre O such that OT = 4 cm and OTA =
30°. Then AT is equal to
(a) 4 cm (b) 2 cm (c) 2 3 cm (d) 4 3 cm

10. In below figure, if O is the centre of a circle, PQ is a chord and the tangent PR at P makes an
angle of 50° with PQ, then POQ is equal to
(a) 100° (b) 80° (c) 90° (d) 75°

11. In below figure, if PA and PB are tangents to the circle with centre O such that APB = 50°,
then OAB is equal to
(a) 25° (b) 30° (c) 40° (d) 50°
12. If two tangents inclined at an angle 60° are drawn to a circle of radius 3 cm, then length of each
tangent is equal to
3
(a) 3 cm (b) 6 cm (c) 3 cm (d) 3 3 cm
2

13. In below figure, if PQR is the tangent to a circle at Q whose centre is O, AB is a chord parallel to
PR and BQR = 70°, then AQB is equal to
(a) 20° (b) 40° (c) 35° (d) 45°
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