SHS

REGIONAL ACHIEVEMENT TEST IN STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

DIRECTION: Read and understand each statement carefully and choose the
letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
(USE CAPITAL LETTER).
Note: The z-table and t-table can be found in the last two pages of this test paper.
1. Which of the following options best represents a random variable?

A. The number of goals scored by a soccer team in a match.

B. The speed of a car on a highway.
C. The price of a stock in the stock market.
D. The color of a traffic light at an intersection.

2. How can you distinguish a discrete from a continuous random variable?

A. Discrete random variables can take on any value within a specified range
or interval, while continuous random variables have specific and distinct
values.
B. Discrete random variables are represented by whole numbers or specific
outcomes, while continuous random variables can take on any value within a
given range or interval.
C. Discrete random variables are measured quantities, while continuous
random variables arise from counting or measuring whole numbers.
D. Discrete random variables can only take on countable values, while
continuous random variables can only take on real number values.

3. Given a random variable, how can you find the possible values it can take?

A. Calculate the average of all the values observed in a data set.

B. Consult a probability distribution function specific to the random variable.
C. Generate random numbers within a specified range and observe their
outcomes.
D. Perform a statistical regression analysis on the variable's historical data.

4. How would you illustrate a probability distribution for a discrete random variable
and describe its properties?

A. By plotting a histogram showing the frequencies of each possible value.

B. By drawing a line graph showing the cumulative probabilities of each
possible value.
C. By creating a scatter plot of the observed values against their corresponding
probabilities.
D. By constructing a box-and-whisker plot displaying the quartiles and
outliers of the random variable.

5. How would you compute the mean and variance of a discrete random variable?

A. By calculating the median and mode of the random variable.

B. By plotting a bar chart showing the frequencies of each possible value.
C. By calculating the expected value and standard deviation of the random
variable.
D. By drawing a line graph showing the cumulative probabilities of each
possible value.

Regional Achievement Test -Statistics and Probability

6. Given the discrete random variable with its probability distribution:

X 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Calculate the mean and the variance of the random variable.

A. Mean: 3.2, Variance: 1.16

B. Mean: 2.5, Variance: 0.75
C. Mean: 2.8, Variance: 1.44
D. Mean: 3.4, Variance: 1.64

7.If the variance of a discrete random variable is 25, what is its standard deviation?

A. 5
B. 10
C. 15
D. 25

8. How would you interpret the mean and the variance of a discrete random
variable?

A The mean represents the most frequently occurring value in the random
variable, while the variance measures the spread or dispersion of the values.
B The mean represents the average value or expected value of the random
variable, while the variance quantifies the average squared deviation from the
mean.
C The mean indicates the maximum value that can be attained by the random
variable, while the variance measures the minimum value that can occur.
D The mean signifies the sum of all the values in the random variable, while
the variance represents the range of possible values.

9. A spinner has 8 equal sections numbered 1 through 8. What is the probability of

spinning a multiple of 3?
1
A.
4
3
B.
8
1
C.
2
5
D.
8

10. What is the total area in the distribution under the normal curve?

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3

11. What percent of the area under a normal curve is within 2 standard deviations?

A. 68.3%
B. 95.4%
C. 99.7%
D. 99.0%

Regional Achievement Test -Statistics and Probability

12. What is the area of the P(Z > 2.58) using the standard normal curve?

A. 0.0049
B. 0.0051
C. 0.9949
D. 0.9951

13. What is the area if the z - score given is -1.83?

A. 0.0344
B. 0.0336
C.0.0329
D. 0.0322

14. In an achievement test, the mean score of normally distributed values is 70 and
the standard deviation is 12. What is the percentage of students who got a score of
85 and above?

A.0.1056
B. 0.1075
C. 0.8925
D. 0.8944

15. The IQ scores of a certain population are normally distributed with a mean of
100 and a standard deviation of 15. What is the 90th percentile for this
population?

A. 90
B. 90.20
C. 115.20
D. 119.20

16. Which of the following is an example of random sampling?

A. Surveying every employee in a company

B. Surveying only the employees who work in the accounting department
C. Surveying employees who are available during a certain time of day
D. Surveying a randomly selected group of employees from different
departments

17. Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE.

A. Statistic is a number which describes a sample.

B. A parameter is a descriptive measure of population.
C. An example of parameter is the sample mean.
D. The value of a parameter can be approximated and is not necessarily
equal to the statistic of a sample.

18. A sample of 25 observations is taken from a population with a mean of 50 and

a standard deviation of 10. What is the expected value of the sampling distribution
of the sample mean?

A. 50
B. 10
C. 2
D. 0.4

Regional Achievement Test -Statistics and Probability

19. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the sampling distribution of
the sample mean?

A. It is always positively skewed.

B. It has a smaller standard deviation than the population standard deviation.
C. It is always normally distributed.
D. It has the same shape as the population distribution.

20. Which of the following describes the Central Limit Theorem?

A. It states that the sample mean is equal to the population mean.

B. It states that the sample standard deviation is equal to the population
standard deviation.
C. It states that the distribution of sample means approaches a normal
distribution as the sample size increases.
D. It states that the distribution of sample means is always perfectly normal
and no matter the sample size is, the sample mean will always be normally
distributed.

21. Which of the following is NOT a characteristics of t-distribution?

A. Like the normal distribution, the t-distribution has a smooth shape.

B. Like a standard normal distribution (or z-distribution), the t-distribution
has a mean of one.
C. Like the normal distribution, the t-distribution is symmetric. If you think
about folding it in half at the mean, each side will be the same.
D. The normal distribution assumes that the population standard deviation
is known. The t-distribution does not make this assumption.

22. What would be the sample size if the calculated sample size is 309.54?
A. 309
B. 310
C. 311
D. 312

23 How would you illustrate the t-distribution?

A. By drawing a bell-shaped curve with a mean of zero and a standard

deviation of one.
B. By plotting a histogram of a dataset with a sample size greater than 30.
C. By displaying a line graph with the degrees of freedom on the x-axis and
the corresponding t-values on the y-axis.
D. By creating a scatter plot of observed data points against their
corresponding probabilities.

24 The length of a confidence interval depends on which of the following factors?

A. Sample size and sample mean.

B. Sample size and population standard deviation.
C. Sample mean and population standard deviation.
D. Sample size, population standard deviation, and confidence level.

Regional Achievement Test -Statistics and Probability

25 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a sampling distribution of the
sample mean?

A. It has the same mean as the population mean.

B. It is always normally distributed.
C. It has a smaller variance than the population variance
D. It is independent of the sample size.

For items 26 – 27, refer to the table below.

SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE MEANS

Sample Mean x̄ x̄2 Probability P(x̄) x̄2• P(x̄)
14 196 1/15 196/15
15 225 1/15 225/15
16 256 2/15 512/15
17 289 2/15 578/15
18 324 3/15 972/15
19 361 2/15 722/15
20 400 2/15 800/15
21 441 1/15 441/15
22 484 1/15 484/15
TOTAL 15/15 or 1

26 What is the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means?

A. 18
B. 17.5
C. 18.5
D. 22

27 What is the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means?

A. 4.67
B.3.28
C. 2.19
D. 2.16

28 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the t-distribution?

A. The t-distribution always has a mean of zero.

B. The t-distribution is a discrete probability distribution.
C The tails of the t-distribution are thinner than those of the standard
normal distribution.
D. The t-distribution is used for all hypothesis testing and constructing
confidence intervals.

Regional Achievement Test -Statistics and Probability

29 The degrees of freedom (df) in a t-distribution are equal to:

A. The sample standard deviation divided by the sample size (s / n).

B. The population size minus one (N - 1).
C. The difference between the sample mean and the population mean
D. The sample size minus one (n - 1).

30 When using a t-table to find a percentile in the t-distribution, you need to know:

A. The degrees of freedom and the sample size.

B. The degrees of freedom and the significance level.
C. The sample size and the population mean.
D. The sample size and the sample standard deviation.

31 A t-table is used to find the critical value(s) for a given:

A. Sample mean
B. Confidence level
C. Hypothesis test.
D. Population standard deviation

32 What is the right-tailed area if the confidence interval is 75%?

A. 0.05
B. 0.10
C. 0.005
D. 0.25
There are 10 students who will be taking up the test, the researcher sets
the level of significance to 0.05. The following are the scores of the nine students:
23 25 25 26 27 28 30 40 45 48

33 What is the t-value of the given data set?

A. 1.833
B. 1.456
C. 1.612
D. 1.551

34 What is the value of 25th percentile?

A. 26
B. 27
C. 28
D. 25

35 Using the t-table, give the t-value of 90th percentile?

A. 1.729
B. 1.456
C. 1.383
D. 1.551

Regional Achievement Test -Statistics and Probability

36 What is the length of the confidence interval if the upper confidence limit is
0.715 and lower confidence limit is 0.350?

A. 0.365
B. 1.065
C. 0.356
D. 0.250

37 If the upper confidence limit is 0.820 and the lower confidence limit is 0.490,
what is the length of the confidence interval?

A. 1.310
B. 1.31
C. 0.333
D. 0.33

38 Find the value of the Lower Confidence Interval if the Upper Control Limit is
0.463 and the Lower Control Limit is 0.275.

A. 0.180
B. 0.188
C. 1.108
D. 1.880

39 Given: 0.242 < p < 0.653, what is the length of the confidence interval?

A. 0.411
B. 0.041
C. 0.401
D. 1.140

40 Given: 0.345 < p < 0.570, determine the length of the confidence interval.

A. 0.252
B. 0.522
C. 0.225
D. 0.915

41 Given: σ= 0.3, 𝑛=70, confidence level=95%. What is the Length of the Confidence
Interval (LCI)?

A. 0.1460
B. 0.0168
C. 0.1362
D. 0.1406

42 If a sample size calculation determined that 1006.023 data points were

necessary to represent the population, how many data points samples should be
taken?

A. 1006
B. 1007
C. 1008
D. 1010

Regional Achievement Test -Statistics and Probability

43 What is the statistical method used in making decisions using experimental
data?

A. Simple analysis
B. Analytical testing
C. Hypothesis testing
D. Experimental testing

44 It is also the probability of committing an incorrect decision about the null

hypothesis.

A. Level of significance
B. Level of acceptance
C. Level of hypothesis
D. Level of error

45 What is the term used to define the critical region in hypothesis testing, where
the null hypothesis is rejected?

A. Null Hypothesis
B. Alternative Hypothesis
C. Level of Significance
D. Rejection Region

46 Which of the following statements best describes a parameter?

A. It describes the sample.

B. It describes the researcher.
C. It describes the hypothesis.
D. It describes the population.

47 A researcher estimates that the average height of buildings in a large city is at

least 700 feet. Based on the given data, which is the parameter?

A. the researcher
B. at least 700 feet
C. buildings in the large city
D. the average height of the building

48 The average height of a 1-year old child is 29 inches. What is the parameter?

A. a child
B. a 1-year old child
C. the average height of 29 inches
D. a random sample of n children who are 1-year old

49 An SWS survey wants to see if people in the Philippines think that pollution is
too high in the country. Which choice best represents a parameter for this
situation?

A. all people in the Philippines

B. 500 randomly selected residents of the Philippines
C. 71% of the residents surveyed who think that the pollution is too high
D. a percentage of all people in the Philippines who think that the pollution
is too high

Regional Achievement Test -Statistics and Probability

50 A researcher estimated that the average height of a building in the Philippines is
at least 150 meters. A random sample of 15 buildings is selected and has the mean
of 168 meters. What are the null and alternative hypotheses?

A. 𝐻𝑜:μ>150, 𝐻𝑎:μ≤150
B. 𝐻𝑜:μ=150, 𝐻𝑎:μ≥150
C. 𝐻𝑜:μ=150, 𝐻𝑎:μ ≠150
D. 𝐻𝑜:μ≥150, 𝐻𝑎:μ<150

Regional Achievement Test -Statistics and Probability

Regional Achievement Test -Statistics and Probability