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Pract 9

The document contains solutions to several multi-variable calculus problems. It finds critical points and local extrema by taking derivatives, solving systems of equations, and plotting surfaces and tangent planes. It also analyzes functions defined over various domains for properties like growth, concavity, and asymptotic behavior. Examples include finding the maximum of f(x,y)=-4x^2-xy-y^2+4x-6y+500 and analyzing the concavity of log(exp(2x)-2)/(3x-1).

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
29 views3 pages

Pract 9

The document contains solutions to several multi-variable calculus problems. It finds critical points and local extrema by taking derivatives, solving systems of equations, and plotting surfaces and tangent planes. It also analyzes functions defined over various domains for properties like growth, concavity, and asymptotic behavior. Examples include finding the maximum of f(x,y)=-4x^2-xy-y^2+4x-6y+500 and analyzing the concavity of log(exp(2x)-2)/(3x-1).

Uploaded by

joseee.27
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pract 9.

wxmx 1 / 3

Teo 22
➔ f:−4·x^2−x·y−y^2+4·x−6·y+500;
(f) − y 2 − x y − 6 y − 4 x 2 + 4 x + 500

➔ G:[diff(f,x),diff(f,y)];
(G) [−y −8 x+4,−2 y −x−6]

➔ PC:solve(G,[x,y]);
14 52
(PC) [[x= ,y = − ]]
15 15

➔ PC,numer;
(%o6) [ [ x = 0.9333333333333333 , y = − 3.466666666666667 ] ]

Pintando la función comprobamos que, efectivamente, se trata de un máximo:

➔ plot3d(f,[x,0,2],[y,−4,−3]);
(%o11) false

➔ T:f,PC;
7684
(T)
15

➔ %,numer;
(%o10) 512.2666666666667

Podemos ver más claro que hay un máximo si pintamos también el plano tangente:

➔ plot3d([f,T,[x,0,2],[y,−4,−3]],[palette,false]);
(%o16) false

Problema 5 de la Hoja 5
➔ kill(all);
(%o0) done

Apartado i

➔ f:x^2+y^3−2·y^2+1;
(f) y 3 − 2 y 2 + x2 + 1

➔ G:[diff(f,x),diff(f,y)];
(G) [2 x,3 y2−4 y ]

➔ PC:solve(G,[x,y]);
4
(PC) [[x= 0,y = 0],[x= 0,y = ]]
3

En este caso hay un mínimo y un punto de silla:

➔ plot3d(f,[x,−1,1],[y,−1,2]);
(%o4) false

Vamos a pintar ahora los planos tangentes en cada punto crítico:

➔ T1:f,PC[1];
(T1) 1

➔ T2:f,PC[2];
5
(T2) −
27

➔ plot3d([f,T2,[x,−1,1],[y,−1,2]],[palette,false]);
(%o8) false

Apartado viii

➔ kill(all);
(%o0) done

➔ f:sqrt(x^3+x·y+y^2);
q
(f) y 2 + x y + x3
Pract 9.wxmx 2 / 3

➔ G:[diff(f,x),diff(f,y)];
y + 3 x2 2 y +x
(G) [ q , q ]
2 y 2 + x y + x3 2 y 2 + x y + x3

➔ PC:solve(G,[x,y]);
1 1
(PC) [[x= ,y = − ],[x= 0,y = 0]]
6 12

➔ plot3d(f,[x,−1,1],[y,−1,1]);
(%o4) false

➔ T1:f,PC[1];
%i
(T1) /
4 33 2

➔ T2:f,PC[2];
(T2) 0

➔ plot3d([f,T2,[x,−1,1],[y,−1,2]],[palette,false]);
(%o7) false

Problemas del 1º parcial:


Prob 1
➔ kill(all);
(%o0) done

➔ f:log(exp(2·x)−2)/(3·x−1);
log( %e 2 x − 2 )
(f)
3 x−1

➔ plot2d(f,[x,−10,10],[y,−10,10]);
plot2d: expression evaluates to non−numeric value somewhere in plotting range.
plot2d: some values will be clipped.
(%o32) false

Dominio

➔ aux:exp(2·x)−2;
(aux) %e 2 x − 2

➔ solve(aux);
p log( 2 )
(%o6) [ x = log( − 2) ,x= ]
2

➔ %,numer;
(%o7) [ x = 3.141592653589793 %i + 0.3465735902799727 , x = 0.3465735902799726 ]

➔ plot2d(aux,[x,−5,1]);
(%o10) false

Asíntotas

➔ limit(f,x,0.3465735902799726,plus);
rat: replaced 0.6931471805599452 by 13614799/19642003 = 0.693147180559946
rat: replaced 0.03972077083991765 by 7833899/197224244 = 0.03972077083991763
⎛ 13614799 ⎞
197224244 log⎜⎜ ⎟
⎝ %e
19642003
− 2 ⎠⎟
(%o15)
7833899

➔ %,numer;
(%o16) − 862.3169489316015

➔ limit(f,x,inf);
2
(%o18)
3

Signo

➔ solve(f);
p log( 3 )
(%o19) [ x = log( − 3) ,x= ]
2

➔ %,numer;
(%o20) [ x = 3.141592653589793 %i + 0.5493061443340548 , x = 0.5493061443340549 ]
Pract 9.wxmx 3 / 3

Crecimiento

➔ df:diff(f,x);
2 %e 2 x 3 log( %e 2 x − 2 )
(df) −
( 3 x − 1 ) ( %e 2 x − 2 ) ( 3 x−1)2

➔ solve(df);
%e − 2 x ( %e 2 x ( 3 log( %e 2 x − 2 ) + 2 ) − 6 log( %e 2 x − 2 ) )
(%o22) [x= ]
6

➔ plot2d(df,[x,0,2],[y,−2,2]);
plot2d: expression evaluates to non−numeric value somewhere in plotting range.
plot2d: some values will be clipped.
(%o27) false

➔ find_root(df,x,1,1.5);
(%o28) 1.118489047525609

Concavidad

➔ ddf:diff(df,x);
18 log( %e 2 x − 2 ) 4 %e 4 x 4 %e 2 x 12 %e 2 x
(ddf) − +
2x

3 2
( 3 x−1) ( 3 x − 1 ) ( %e 2x
−2) ( 3 x − 1 ) ( %e −2) ( 3 x − 1 ) 2 ( %e 2 x − 2 )

➔ solve(ddf);
q q
%e − x ( ( 3 %e 2 x − 6 ) 4 log( %e 2 x − 2 ) + %e 2 x + 3 %e 3 x − 10 %e x ) %e − x ( ( 3 %e 2 x − 6 ) 4 log( %e 2 x − 2 ) + %e 2 x − 3 %e 3 x + 10 %e x )
(%o30) [x= − ,x= ]
12 12

➔ plot2d(ddf,[x,1,2],[y,−2,2]);
(%o37) false

➔ find_root(ddf,x,1.4,1.6);
(%o38) 1.538266989961013

Prob 4
➔ kill(all);
(%o0) done

Apartado a

➔ r:0.32;b:30;
(r) 0.32
(b) 30

➔ xg:C·r^n+b/(1−r);
(xg) C 0.32 n + 44.11764705882354

➔ solve(subst(n=0,xg)=9.5);
rat: replaced 34.61764705882354 by 1177/34 = 34.61764705882353
rat: replaced 1.0 by 1/1 = 1.0
1177
(%o4) [C= − ]
34

➔ xp:xg,%;
1177 0.32 n
(xp) 44.11764705882354 −
34

➔ xp,n=10;
(%o6) 44.11725729876755

Apartado b

➔ aux:9.5;
(aux) 9.5

➔ xn:[aux];
(xn) [ 9.5 ]

➔ for i:1 thru 10 do{aux:0.32·aux+30/i,xn:endcons(aux,xn)};


(%o9) done

➔ xn;
(%o10) [ 9.5 , 33.04 , 25.5728 , 18.183296 , 13.31865472 , 10.2619695104 , 8.283830243328 , 6.936539963579246 , 5.969692788345359 , 5.243635025603848 ,
4.677963208193232 ]

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