BIOCHEMISTRY

LABORATORY MANUAL
First Edition
 BIOCHEMISTRY
LABORATORY MANUAL
First Edition

NOURELLE MUROD CALAM

BETHE JUMALON-SACABIN
Preface
Welcome to this compilation of laboratory activities for biochemistry! This collection
has been curated to provide students, researchers, and educators with a comprehensive set
of practical exercises that explore the fundamental principles and techniques in the
fascinating field of biochemistry.
Biochemistry is a discipline that lies at the intersection of biology and chemistry,
unraveling the molecular mechanisms that govern life. Through hands-on laboratory
experiences, students gain a deeper understanding of the molecules that drive the complex
processes within living organisms. These activities not only reinforce theoretical concepts
but also nurture critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and the ability to analyze and
interpret experimental data.
The compilation encompasses a wide range of topics, from exploring enzymes and
metabolic pathways to investigating the structure and function of biomolecules. Each
laboratory activity is meticulously designed to foster an engaging and rewarding learning
experience while adhering to best practices in safety and experimental techniques.
In this ever-evolving field, we recognize the importance of staying current with the
latest advancements in biochemistry. While the foundational principles remain steadfast,
new discoveries and technologies continue to reshape our understanding of life's molecular
intricacies. Thus, this compilation strives to strike a balance between classic experiments
that form the bedrock of biochemistry and innovative investigations that reflect the
cutting-edge research in the field.
We extend our gratitude to the dedicated instructors and researchers who have
contributed to the development and refinement of these laboratory activities. Their
expertise and commitment to excellence have made this compilation possible, providing an
invaluable resource for the study and exploration of biochemistry.
We encourage students and educators alike to immerse themselves in these
laboratory activities, embracing the scientific inquiry and discovery that is at the heart of
biochemistry. As you embark on this experiential journey, may these experiments kindle
your curiosity, deepen your appreciation for the molecular wonders of life, and inspire you
to become lifelong learners and contributors to the ever-evolving landscape of biochemistry.
Wishing you an enriching and enlightening laboratory experience!
- NM Calam
- BMJ Sacabin
 General Laboratory Guidelines
General laboratory protocols and guidelines are essential to ensure safety, accuracy,
and consistency in laboratory work. Below are some key protocols and guidelines that
should be followed in a laboratory setting:
1. Personal Safety:
a. Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including lab coats,
gloves, safety goggles, and closed-toe shoes.
b. Tie back long hair and avoid wearing loose clothing or accessories that may get
entangled in equipment.
c. Never eat, drink, or apply cosmetics in the laboratory.
d. Wash hands thoroughly before and after working in the lab.

2. Chemical Handling and Storage:

a. Read and understand the Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for all chemicals used in the lab.
b. Label and store chemicals properly in designated storage areas, following
compatibility guidelines.
c. Avoid mixing incompatible chemicals.
d. Use chemical fume hoods or ventilation systems when working with volatile or
hazardous substances.

3. Equipment Usage:
a. Familiarize yourself with the proper use of lab equipment and instruments before
operating them.
b. Regularly calibrate and maintain equipment to ensure accuracy and reliability.
c. Do not use damaged or malfunctioning equipment; report any issues to the
supervisor.

4. Waste Disposal:
a. Segregate and dispose of laboratory waste following proper waste management
protocols.
b. Dispose of hazardous waste in designated containers and follow local regulations
for waste disposal.

5. Spill Management:
a. Know the location of spill kits and how to use them in case of chemical spills.
b. Immediately report any spills to the lab supervisor and follow their instructions for
cleanup.

6. Experimentation:
a. Always follow the approved experimental procedures and protocols.
b. Double-check measurements and calculations for accuracy.
c. Use proper techniques and precautions when handling hot objects, open flames,
or pressurized systems.
 7. Record Keeping:
a. Maintain a detailed and organized lab notebook, recording all experimental
procedures, observations, and results.
b. Label samples clearly and keep track of sample locations, if applicable.

8. Communication:
a. Communicate any accidents, incidents, or potential hazards to the lab supervisor
or relevant authorities promptly.
b. Report any signs of equipment malfunction or maintenance needs to the
appropriate personnel.

9. Emergency Preparedness:
a. Familiarize yourself with emergency exits, fire extinguishers, and safety showers in
the laboratory.
b. Participate in safety drills and be aware of evacuation procedures.

10. Training and Education:

a. Attend safety training sessions and adhere to the safety guidelines provided by the
lab supervisor or institution.
b. Stay updated on new safety practices and procedures relevant to your work.

Remember that specific laboratory protocols may vary depending on the nature of
the research or experiments being conducted, and it is essential to always follow the
guidelines provided by your institution or lab supervisor.
 Activity #1
COMMON LABORATORY APPARATUSES
Discussion
Laboratories are essential hubs of scientific discovery and innovation. Scientists and
researchers rely on these facilities to conduct experiments, analyze data, and make
groundbreaking discoveries that advance our understanding of the world. One key aspect
that contributes to the success and efficiency of laboratory work is the knowledge and
familiarity with common laboratory apparatuses.
The importance of understanding laboratory apparatuses extends beyond individual
experiments. Researchers who are well-informed about the capabilities and limitations of
different equipment can design experiments more effectively. They can select the most
appropriate apparatus for specific tasks, ensuring the success of their research objectives.
Proficiency in using laboratory apparatuses is also crucial for compliance with
protocols and standard operating procedures (SOPs). Laboratories follow strict guidelines to
maintain consistency and quality in experimental procedures. Familiarity with the
equipment ensures researchers adhere to these protocols, contributing to a standardized
approach to scientific research.
Knowing and familiarizing yourself with laboratory apparatuses is of utmost
importance in a laboratory setting for several reasons:
1. Safety: Proper knowledge of laboratory apparatuses helps reduce the risk of
accidents and injuries. When you understand how to handle and use equipment
correctly, you can minimize the chances of spills, breakages, and other hazardous
incidents.
2. Accuracy and Reliability: Familiarity with laboratory apparatuses ensures that you use
them correctly, leading to more accurate and reliable experimental results. Precise
measurements and proper usage of equipment contribute to the reproducibility of
experiments and the overall scientific validity of your work.
3. Efficiency: When you know how to use laboratory apparatuses efficiently, you can
work more productively. Time and resources are better utilized when you are skilled
in setting up and operating equipment.
4. Cost-Effectiveness: Mishandling laboratory equipment can lead to damage or
breakage, resulting in the need for repairs or replacements. Being familiar with the
apparatuses reduces the likelihood of accidents, saving on maintenance costs.
5. Experimental Design: Understanding the capabilities and limitations of different
laboratory apparatuses allows you to design experiments more effectively. You can
select the most appropriate equipment for specific tasks, ensuring the success of
your research.
6. Troubleshooting: In the event of an equipment malfunction or unexpected result,
familiarity with the apparatuses enables you to troubleshoot and identify potential
 issues more quickly. This aids in resolving problems efficiently and minimizing
downtime.
7. Adaptability: Different laboratories may have variations of the same equipment or
use slightly different models. Familiarity with various types of apparatuses allows you
to adapt and work comfortably in different laboratory settings.
8. Collaboration: When working with others in a laboratory, knowing the apparatuses
promotes effective communication and collaboration. You can share knowledge and
techniques, facilitating teamwork and collective problem-solving.
9. Compliance: Many laboratory protocols and standard operating procedures (SOPs)
require adherence to specific equipment usage guidelines. Familiarity with the
apparatuses ensures you comply with these protocols, maintaining consistency and
quality in experimental procedures.
10. Professional Development: Demonstrating proficiency with laboratory apparatuses
showcases your skills and knowledge in a scientific setting. This can boost your
credibility and open up opportunities for more complex research projects and
collaborations.
Knowing and familiarizing common laboratory apparatuses is vital for the success, safety,
and efficiency of scientific research. It empowers researchers to conduct experiments with
confidence, ensuring accuracy and reliability in their results. Whether it's safeguarding
against accidents, promoting cost-effectiveness, or contributing to advancements in
scientific knowledge, the importance of this knowledge cannot be overstated. Emphasizing
the acquisition of such knowledge is pivotal for nurturing a generation of competent
scientists ready to tackle the challenges of tomorrow, thus the need for students and anyone
working in the laboratory to know and familiarize themselves with common laboratory
apparatuses.

Procedure:
1. The instructor will present to the class common apparatuses used in a biochemistry
laboratory.
2. In their worksheets, students will name each piece of equipment that would be
useful for each of the following tasks. A clue is already given to them by
unscrambling the given letters in each number.
3. The students will then sketch the apparatuses in the spaces provided for them.
 WORKSHEET

NAME: APRIL KATE G MABILLA RATING: __________________________

SECTION: BSN 1-H DATE PERFORMED: 08/26/23
INSTRUCTOR: MS. VANESSA B. MARTINEZ DATE SUBMITTED: _________________

Activity #1
COMMON LABORATORY APPARATUSES

I. Objectives of the activity:

To Answer the following questions properly and to obtain atleast 75% correct
answers.

Materials and apparatuses used:

none
Chemicals and reagents used:
none

Methods and procedures (create a flow diagram)

none

Illustration and setup:

none
Data, observations, and discussion of results:

Use Name Sketch

TONGS

1. Used to pick up or
hold hot objects

GOGGLES

2. Protects the eyes

from flying objects or
chemical splashes
 BEAKER

3. A wide-mouthed
container used to
transport, heat or
store substances

4. A small glass TEST TUBE

container used to
view chemical
reactions or to heat
small amounts of a
substance
 TRIPLE BEAM
BALANCE
5. A device to
measure the mass or
an object or
substance.

LAB COAT

6. Protects the
scientist and the
scientist’s clothes
from hazardous or
hot chemicals
 EYE DROPPER

7. Used to dispense a
very small amount of
a liquid

STRIKER

8. Used to light a
Bunsen burner
9. Attaches to a lab
stand and used to RING CLAMP
hold a variety of lab
equipment

GRADUATED
CYLINDER
10. Used to measure
volume very precisely
 LAB STAND

11. Used to hold a

variety of lab
equipment

FUNNEL

12. Used to pour

liquids into containers
with small openings
or to hold filter paper
 BUNSEN BURNER

13. Used to heat

objects

14. A ERIENMEYER
narrow-mouthed FLASK
container used to
transport, heat or
store substances,
often used when a
stopper is required
 WIRE GAUZE

15. Used to suspend

glassware over the
Bunsen burner

STIRRING RODS
16. A skinny solid
glass rod used in
chemistry to mix
chemicals and liquids
 TEST TUBE RACK

17. Used to hold

many test tubes filled
with chemicals

WIRE BRUSH

18. This is used to

clean the inside of
test tubes or
graduated cylinders
 BEAKER TONGS

19. Used to transport

a hot beaker

MORTAR AND
PESTLES

20. This is used to

grind substances to
powder.
 PPE

21. Important to wear

in order to protect
the skin from
chemical substances.

22. They can keep FACE SHIELDS

dangerous chemicals
and other substances
from damaging your
eyes.
 THERMOMETER

23. A device used for

measuring the
temperature of a
substance.

CENTRIFUGE

24. Used to separate

solids out of liquids
that are held in test
tubes by rapid
rotation

DISTILLATION
25. This is used to
separate water and
solids from a
solution by allowing
the water to
evaporate off into the
air
 II. Answers to questions.
Answer the following questions in the space provided. You may use to back of the work
sheet for extra space.
❖ Why is it essential for laboratory personnel to know and familiarize themselves with
common laboratory apparatuses?
➢ -Because you won't know how to use your resources or how to fix a mistake
you might make with your equipment if you don't have the right knowledge
of it.

❖ How can a solid understanding of common laboratory apparatuses enhance the

accuracy and reliability of experimental results?
➢ -Before starting to consider an experiment, one should be aware of how to
use the lab equipment that is available to them. Knowing one's science
equipment will help one conduct successful experiments and may even
assist one catch mistakes in addition to the above listed reasons.
❖
❖ What are some potential safety hazards that can arise if individuals are not
well-versed in using standard laboratory equipment?
➢ -The risks that laboratory employees may encounter include
musculoskeletal strains, chemical, biological, physical, and radioactive
threats. Many employees are more susceptible to harm because they are
not aware of the potential risks present in their workplace.

❖ How does familiarity with various laboratory apparatuses contribute to overall

efficiency and productivity in the research or testing process?
➢ -They can observe and execute thrilling experiments instead of taking dull
notes. Complicated ideas and concepts are frequently simpler to
understand when learning is hands-on.
❖ What steps should be taken to ensure the cleanliness and sterility of laboratory
apparatuses before and after use?
➢ -Use routine cleaning techniques ,Daily lab cleaning is simple and not at all
expensive. Wiping down all of the equipment might be the first thing you
do each morning and evening. Set aside a day once a week for deep
cleaning. Keep track of the periodic inspections that each piece of
equipment needs.
❖ Conclusion.
➢ It is crucial that you possess a thorough understanding, if not joint
understanding, of using equipment correctly to ensure safety, dependability,
accuracy, and precision tests and outcomes. Additionally, it facilitates a
quicker completion of activities because Having a general understanding of
the devices enables us to the test