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Topic1-Lesson 2-Cell Structue Part 1

This document discusses cell structure and organelles, beginning with an overview of cells and the cell theory. It then describes the structures and functions of key organelles found in plant and animal cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, cell wall, vacuole, and chloroplast. Organelles such as the Golgi body and lysosomes are also introduced.

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Afreen Imran
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32 views

Topic1-Lesson 2-Cell Structue Part 1

This document discusses cell structure and organelles, beginning with an overview of cells and the cell theory. It then describes the structures and functions of key organelles found in plant and animal cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, cell wall, vacuole, and chloroplast. Organelles such as the Golgi body and lysosomes are also introduced.

Uploaded by

Afreen Imran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic 1 Lesson 2

Cell Structure
Textbook pgs.14-22
DO YOU REMEMBER?
Cell :
The basic unit of structural and function of all
organisms.

Cell Theory :
Three theories regarding cells:
• They are the basic unit of all life
• They make up all living things
• All new cells are produced by existing cells
Cell Organelles
Let start Group Discussion!
Organelles
Organelle is a tiny cell structure
that carries out a specific function organelle

within the cell. cell


nucleus

Each organelle has a different


structure and a different
function.

• Bacteria and unicellular organelle

organisms don’t have


many organelles.
endoplasmic reticulum
Animal and Plant Cells
Some organelles are found in
both plant and animal cells.

These include:

 cell membrane
 nucleus
 cytoplasm
 endoplasmic reticulum
 mitochondria
Plant Cells

Other organelles are


present in plant cells but
not in animal cells.

These include:
 cell wall
 large central vacuole
 chloroplast
Cell Wall
 Function:
Protect and support
the cell
 Structure:
Rigid and surrounds cell
In plants, it is made of
strong material called
cellulose but in fungi, the
material is called chitin
Found in plants, protists,
fungi and some bacteria
NOT FOUND IN ANIMAL
CELLS!
Cell Membrane
 Function:
Controls which substances
pass into and out of a cell
It prevents harmful
material from entering cell
and needs of cell like water,
food and oxygen enter
through it
 Structure:
Thin flexible barrier that
surrounds the cell
All cells have a cell
membrane
Cytoplasm
• Structure:
• Cytoplasm is a clear, gel-
like fluid made mostly of
water and some salt

• Function:
• Cytoplasm hold all cell’s
organelles
• Carries nutrients and
proteins throughout the cell
Nucleus-The control center
Structure:
 Large oval organelle
Surrounded by a membrane
called a nuclear envelope, this
membrane has pores to allow
materials in and out of the
nucleus.
Contains cell’s genetic material
(DNA)
It has a dark, round structure
called the nucleolus
Nucleus-The control center
Function:

Contains almost all of


the cell’s DNA that
have instructions to
all cells.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Structure: A network of membranes

endoplasmic
reticulum

endoplasmic
reticulum

Function: processes many


substances like proteins, lipids or
fats and store energy
Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Endoplasmic reticulum
endoplasmic
can be ‘smooth’ or reticulum
‘rough’.
• Rough endoplasmic
reticulum has structures on
it called ribosomes that
make it look rough.

• Ribosomes: make the


proteins that are carried
by the endoplasmic ribosomes
reticulum.
Assess your understanding - Page 16
Assess your understanding - Page 16
Golgi Bodies

Structure: flattened sac and


tubes
Function: The Golgi bodies
receive materials and other
proteins from the endoplasmic
reticulum, package them, and
send them to other parts of
cell or outside the cell.
Mitochondria - Energy

Function:
Convert energy stored in food
into energy the cell can use.
Powerhouses of cell

Structure:
Rod-shaped structure floating in
cytoplasm
Assess your understanding - Page 17

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