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Ics Lab Exercise 1

This document introduces control system concepts and MATLAB functions for working with transfer functions. It discusses representing transfer functions using vectors of numerator and denominator coefficients, and MATLAB functions for determining poles, zeros, and manipulating transfer functions through operations like multiplication and feedback. Exercises provided ask the reader to work with transfer functions representing block diagrams and systems, using MATLAB functions to analyze properties and perform operations.

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Abraham Kebebo
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34 views3 pages

Ics Lab Exercise 1

This document introduces control system concepts and MATLAB functions for working with transfer functions. It discusses representing transfer functions using vectors of numerator and denominator coefficients, and MATLAB functions for determining poles, zeros, and manipulating transfer functions through operations like multiplication and feedback. Exercises provided ask the reader to work with transfer functions representing block diagrams and systems, using MATLAB functions to analyze properties and perform operations.

Uploaded by

Abraham Kebebo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to control system lab manual

1. CONTROL SYSTEM TOOLBOX


INTRODUCTION

A linear control system may be presented either by a set of differential equations or by a transfer
function. A transfer function is defined as the ratio of the Laplace transform of output to the
Laplace transform of the input. Transfer functions are defined in MATLAB by storing the
coefficients of the numerator and the denominator in vectors. In this tutorial, the names of the
vectors are generally chosen to be num and den, but any other name could be used. For example,

Can be stored in the MATLAB workspace by typing

num = 100;

den = [1 14 100];

Note that all coefficients must be included in the vector, even zero coefficients. To check your
entry you can use the command printsys as shown below:

printsys(num,den);

To find the zeros, poles and gain of a transfer function from the vectors num and den which
contain the coefficients of the numerator and denominator polynomials, type

[z,p,k] = tf2zp(num,den)

The zeros are stored in z, the poles are stored in p, and the gain is stored in k. To find the
numerator and denominator polynomials from z, p, and k, type

[num,den] = zp2tf(z,p,k)

By: Seifu G. (MSc.) Page 1


Introduction to control system lab manual

POLES AND ZEROS

The poles of the system are the roots of the denominator polynomial (the characteristic
polynomial) and zeros are the roots of numerator polynomial. The poles and zeros of the above
transfer function can be found by

poles = roots(den)

zeros = roots(num)

To plot the poles and zeros of any transfer function there is a built in function pzmap in the
MATLAB. Note that the cross symbol in the figure present poles while the circles represents
zeros, which are not shown in this particular plot, because the system has not any zeros.

Exercise#1.1:

A transfer function is given by:

S + 1
𝐺(𝑆) =
S3 + 4S 2 + 10

a. Find poles and zeros of above transfer function.


b. Use the plot function and the built-in function pzmap to plot the poles of the above
transfer function marked by the symbol ‘x’.

MULTIPLICATION OF TRANSFER FUNCTIONS


Consider the following block diagram:

These two transfer functions can be multiplied by using the following MATLAB code:
num1 = [1 0];
den1 = [9 17];
num2 = 9*[1 3];
den2 = [2 9 27];

By: Seifu G. (MSc.) Page 2


Introduction to control system lab manual

[num12, den12] = series (num1, den1, num2, den2); s


printsys(num12,den12);
This transfer function can also be multiplied by using the following code:
num1 = [1 0];
den1 = [9 17];
num2 = 9*[1 3];
den2 = [2 9 27];
num12 =conv(num1,num2);
den12 = conv(,den1,den2);
printsys(num12,den12);

Exercise#1.2
A. Reduce the following block diagrams into a single block also find poles and zeros and
sketch pole zero diagram.

The closed loop transfer function of the above block diagram is given by

We can obtain this transfer function by using MATLAB functions cloop or feedback.

Exercise#1.3
A. Consider the following block diagram. Find the closed loop transfer function.

By: Seifu G. (MSc.) Page 3

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