Making computation in addition and subtraction neat and simple will be of interest in the opening chapter of this book. (A) Addition and Subtraction Important notes: 1, at+b=b+a at+(b-c)=atb-e a—(b+0)=a—b—c a—(b-c)-a-b+e (B) Multiplication and Division Important notes: ax(b+c)=axbtaxc ax(b-c)=axb-axec (at+b)+e=a+cet+bec (a—b)+c=ate-bee atbxe=axctb a+b+c=a+(bxc) It is also important to know the multiplication of numbers that will give you an answer of 100 or 1000. 8x 125 = 1000 4%*25=100(A) Addition and Subtraction 1 Compute the following. (a) 846+ 78-46 = 846-46 + 78 = 800+ 78 ~878 1000 ——__ 485 + 136 + 264 +515 Ly = 1000 + 400 = 1400 708 + 1392 = 700 + 8 + 1392 Compute the following. (a) 527—(186 + 327) ~200 = 527-186-327 896 — (132 + 596) _—-300 —- = 896 - 132-596 633 — (233 - 189) = 633 — 233 + 189 = 400+ 189 = 589 © _— 1000—_ 365 + 276 + 135 + 724 732+ 84+ 16-132 eae = 600 1 100 =700 39 + 399 + 3999 =40—1+400-1+ 4000-1 = 4440-3 = 4437 565 — (388 — 135) 7 = 565-388 + 135 = 700 ~ 388 =312 732 — (286 + 332) — 400 — = 732-286-332 = 400 — 286 =114 534 — (234 + 123) = 534-234-123 = 300-123 =177Compute the following. 100-99 +98 -97+96-95+...+8-7+6-5+4-342-1 =50x1 =50 Compute the following. 19 + 199 + 1999 + 19 999 =20-1+200 1+2000-1+20000-1 =22220-4 = 22216 Multiplication and Division Use a simple method to compute the following. (a) 65399 (b) 25 « 16 * 125 = 65 * (400-1) =25 2% 8% 125 = 50 x 1000 = 26 000-65 = 50 000 = 25935 (©) 198 x 36 25 x 32 x 125 x 35 =25 4x 8x 125 x35 = 100 x 1000 x 35 =3500 000 25 x 96 x 125 = 25x 12x 8x 125 =25* 4x3 1000 = 100 x 3 x 1000 =3 x 100 000 = 300 000 Use a simple method to compute the following. (a) 37% 88437 x 12 (b) 18 * 114-18 « 14 7 x (88 + 12) = 18 x (114—14) 7 «100 = 18x 100 —3700 = 180042x 75 +42 x 25 (a) 33 x 126-33 x 26 =42 x (75 +25) =33 x (126 — 26) = 42x 100 33 x 100 = 4200 =3300 Use a simple method to compute the following. (a) 210+ (5 * 6) (b) 748+(17* 11) =210+5+6 = 748+ 11417 =42+6 =68=17 7 =4 4000 + 125 +8 56 x 198+ 11+7 = 4000 + (125 x 8) = 198+ 11% 56+7 = 4000 + 1000 =18%8 =4 =144 Use a simple method to compute the following. (a) 333 x 222 + 666 (b) 4444 x 2222 + 8888 = 333 x2 111 + 666 = 4444 x2 * 1111 x 8888 = 666 x 111 + 666 8888 x 1111 + 8888 =I =11tt 454 545 450=9=5 (d) 999 +999 x 999 = 454 545 450 + (9 x 5) = 999 x (1 +999) = 454 545 450+ 45 = 999 x 1000 = 10 101 010 = 999 0001 Compute the following. (a) 456+ 88-56 (©) 3035-998 — 997 (©) 636— 567 -99 +367 (g) 123 +456 + 544+ 877 (b) 374+56-74 (A) 999+3+98+998+3+9 (f) 5034 997-998-999 (h) 3456 + 4567 + 6544 + 54332 Compute the following. (a) 2208 (208 + 139) (©) 1306 -(406 — 258) (e) 644 — (243 — 156) + 143 (g) 937 (137 + 185) +85 (788 — (288 + 546) + 346 (b) 733 — (33 + 320) (a) 945 + (372 245) - 172 @ = 717—(617 - 225) (h) 1732 - (732-257)2 Compute the following. (a) 37+397 +3997 + 39.997 (b) 298 + 2998 + 29 998 + 299 998 (©) 9 +99 + 999 + 9999 + 99 999 Compute the following. (a) (2+44+6+4---+2006)-(1+3+5+-. +2005) (b) 88~87+86-85+---+4—-3+2-1 (©) 100-98 1 96-94 1 1 8-61 4-2Compute the following. (a) 360-357 + 354—351 + --- +300-297 (b) 2006-1-2-3-4-----48- 49-50 (©) 280-276 | 272-268 + --- + 200-196 Use a simple method to compute the following. (a) 56* 81 88x4 (b) 1600 = 25 (c) 56% 33+ 44 x 33 (d) 73 x 12+27x 12 (© 198 56 () 5 * 64x25 x 125 x97(g) 64 25 x 125 x 16 (bh) 16000 +25 @ 125255 64 qj) 101 « 1001-101 Use a simple method to compute the following. (a) 5000+ 8+ 125 (b) 6000+ 25=4 (©) 30000+2+8+5+ 125 (d) 16000: 125+4+8 (©) 32.000+125 (6 5300 +25 (h) 72.000 + 1258 Use a simple method to compute the following. (a) 89x 11411 x11 (b) 29x 84424 (©) 58x 8+84x4 (d) 58 x 30+84x 15 ©) 63%6474%3 () 74x64 152%3 (g) 44x4+78x8 (bh) 56 x 16 +72 x 329. Use a simple method to compute the following. (a) 35 x 128-28 x35 (b) 46 x 234 - 134 x 46 (©) 287 12-187 x 12 (a) 897 x 30-297 « 30 (©) 69x 36-38 x 18 (74% 54—48 x27 (g)_ 132 x 36 - 196 x 12 (h) 156 x 48-124 x 1210 Use a simple method to compute the following. (a) 3333 x 3333 + 9999 (b) 2222 x 9999 = 3333 (©) 99999 x 8888811 111 (@) 6666 x 8 + 4444 x 13