Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®)

Handbook
Effective May 15, 2023

National Contract Management Association

21740 Beaumeade Circle, Suite 125
Ashburn, VA 20147

Telephone: 800.344.8096 or 571.382.0082

Fax: 703.448.0939
www.ncmahq.org
email to: [email protected]
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

Table of Contents

Welcome to the CPCM® Certification Program ....................................................................................... 1

About NCMA’s Certification Program ....................................................................................................... 2
Program Scope ........................................................................................................................................ 2
Program Vision ......................................................................................................................................... 2
Definitions................................................................................................................................................. 3
Basic Tenets............................................................................................................................................. 3
Overview of the CPCM® Certification ...................................................................................................... 3
Steps in the CPCM® Certification Process .............................................................................................. 4
Step 1. Application & Fee Submission ..................................................................................................... 5
Step 2. Application Review ...................................................................................................................... 6
Step 3. Schedule Your Exam & Pay Exam Fee ....................................................................................... 6
Step 4. Take the Exam ........................................................................................................................... 10
Step 5. Certification ................................................................................................................................ 17
Step 6. Recertification ............................................................................................................................ 17
Step 7. Retired Status ............................................................................................................................ 19
Step 8. Credential Suspension............................................................................................................... 20
Step 9. Credential Expiration ................................................................................................................. 21
Certification Complaints Process ........................................................................................................... 21
Certification Appeals Process ................................................................................................................ 22
Appendix: How to Approach the Examination........................................................................................ 23

i
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

Welcome to the CPCM® Certification Program

The National Contract Management Association (NCMA) is pleased to welcome you to our certification
process. Obtaining and maintaining the CPCM® is a significant milestone in your professional
development. The purpose of this handbook is to provide you with important information about the
policies and procedures on how you can:
• Apply for the CPCM® certification,
• Obtain the CPCM® certification, and
• Maintain the CPCM® certification.
NCMA requires that all CPCM® certification applicants read this entire handbook.

NCMA Contact Information

For general information on the certification program:
Visit www.ncmahq.org/certifications
Call 800.344.8096 or 571.382.0082
Email [email protected]

CPCM® Handbook was originally created August 7, 2020

© National Contract Management Association. All rights reserved.
“National Contract Management Association”, “NCMA”, the NCMA logo, “Connecting to Create What’s
Next”, “Contract Management Standard”, “CMS”, “Contract Management Body of Knowledge”,
“CMBOK”, “Certified Professional Contract Manager”, “CPCM”, the CPCM logo, “Certified Federal
Contract Manager”, “CFCM”, the CFCM logo, “Certified Commercial Contract Manager”, “CCCM”, the
CCCM logo, “Certified Contract Management Associate”, “CCMA”, the CCMA logo, and “Contract
Management Continuing Education Guide” are marks of the National Contract Management
Association.

1
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

About NCMA’s Certification Program

Program Scope
NCMA was founded in 1959 and has become the prevailing professional resource for those in the
contract management profession. NCMA is dedicated to the professional growth and educational
advancement of all contract managers. In addition, NCMA strives to serve and inform the profession it
represents and to offer opportunities for the open exchange of ideas in neutral forums.
In this role, NCMA is the foremost certification body for contract management. NCMA certifications are
based on an American National Standard (ANS), the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR), and the
Uniform Commercial Code (UCC).
NCMA’s certification program is maintained by the Certification Oversight Body, which operates as an
impartial body with membership drawn from a variety of backgrounds—to include government and
commercial buyers, sellers, academicians, regulatory authorities, and consultants. Collectively, this
interdisciplinary group maintains the certification program with the intent to advance contract
management practices and competencies. Essentially, NCMA certifications are developed and
maintained by Contract Management practitioners for Contract Management practitioners.
NCMA’s certification program includes:
• Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®),
• Certified Federal Contract Manager® (CFCM®),
• Certified Commercial Contract Manager® (CCCM®), and
• Certified Contract Management AssociateTM (CCMATM).
NCMA certifications are distinguished by their development and universal application, which makes
them transferable across industries. A significant strength of NCMA certifications is that they are
portable and not tied to any single role, contract methodology, or organization.
Program Vision
The NCMA certification program advances contract management practices and competence. It serves as
the profession’s standard for the practice of contract management. NCMA certifications attest to the
combined knowledge, skills, and abilities of government and commercial buyers and sellers, as well as
academics, regulatory authorities, and consultants. NCMA certifications are intended to be earned by
those who manage contracts and who meet the knowledge requirements expected to be acquired
through relevant education, training, and experience. Following is an image of the NCMA Certification
Pyramid.

CPCM
CMBOK®, 5 yrs exp,
120 CPE/CLP

CFCM CCCM
FAR, 2 yrs exp, UCC, 2 yrs exp,
80 CPE/CLP 80 CPE/CLP

CCMA
CMS™, 1 yr exp OR 4 yr degree, 40 CPE/CLP

2
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

Definitions
“Contract management” means the actions of a contract manager to develop solicitations, develop
offers, form contracts, perform contracts, and close contracts. (Source: ANSI/NCMA ASD 1-2019.)
“Contract manager” means the authorized representative or agent for a contracting party. (Source:
ANS/NCMA ASD 1-2019.)
“Applicant” means a person who has submitted a certification application, but the application has not
yet been approved.
“Candidate” means a person who has an approved certification application but is not yet certified.
“Certificant” means a person holding a certification in good standing.
“Retired certification status” means a recognition bestowed on eligible certificants who no longer
practice in contract management or related fields. It is not an active certification status.
Basic Tenets
NCMA will ensure that:
a) Only those individuals who demonstrate the knowledge/skills to be competent are certified.
b) Any exams used to measure the candidates are fair, objective, valid, and reliable.
c) Certification functions are separated from all other functions NCMA performs (e.g.,
membership, education, etc.).
d) All certificants agree to abide by the NCMA Code of Ethics.
e) The confidentiality of all candidate data is maintained.
f) Fairness is demonstrated through impartiality to all certification applicants and candidates.
g) All certifications will expire unless the recertification requirements are met.

Overview of the CPCM® Certification

The CPCM® is awarded to those who meet education, training, and experience requirements and who
demonstrate knowledge of the Contract Management Body of Knowledge® (CMBOK®).
The CMBOK® provides a common understanding of the terminology, practices, policies, and processes
used in contract management. The CMBOK provides broader and deeper explanations of the
competencies found in the Contract Management StandardTM (CMS TM), which is an accredited ANS by
the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) [ANS number: ANSI/NCMA ASD 1-2019 (R2022)].
NCMA Certificant Expectations
NCMA expects its certificants to behave in a professional manner while continuously striving to improve
the individual competence of themselves and those around them, and to improve organizational
capability. To reinforce this expectation, all applicants, candidates, certificants, and those who are in
the Retired certification status must agree to and abide by the NCMA Code of Ethics and the NCMA
Certification Policies & Procedures Agreement.
• NCMA Code of Ethics. The Code establishes principles for members of the contract
management profession. The Code requires members of the contract management profession
to conduct themselves in a way that brings credit to the profession.
o Please visit the online Code of Ethics to read the Code.

3
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

• NCMA Certification Policies & Procedures Agreement. The Agreement establishes policies and
procedures for those seeking and achieving NCMA certifications. The Agreement requires all
applicants, candidates, certificants, and those who are in the Retired certification status to
conduct themselves in a way that bolsters the integrity of the NCMA certification program.
o Please visit the online Certification Policies & Procedures Agreement to read the
Agreement.
The Code and the Agreement may be updated or revised from time to time. It is your responsibility to
obtain, understand, and agree to the current online versions.

Steps in the CPCM® Certification Process

The following figure presents the step-by-step process to apply for, obtain, and maintain the CPCM®
certification. Each of the steps are discussed in detail on the following pages.

3. Schedule Your Exam &

1. Application & Fee 2. Application Review
Pay Exam Fee
Submission NCMA takes up to 15 business
You schedule a date/time to
days to review; approvals good
You login to complete & up to 1 year or up to 3 CPCM take the exam; exam fee is
submit exams paid each time the exam is
taken

5. Certification
6. Recertification 4. Take the Exam
Congratulations!
Show up prepared for the
Every recertification cycle Your certificate and letter will exam, (didn't pass on 1st 2
submit recertification be provided at the beginning tries, go to step 3; didn't pass
application and fee of the month following on 3rd try, go to step 1)
certification

8. Credential Suspension 9. Credential Expiration

7. Retired Certification
Occurs Jan 1 - Mar 31 Occurs Apr 1 after
Status following end date of recertification cycle ends; you
For those no longer active in recertification cycle; late fee may not claim certified status;
Contract Management must be paid; you may not to be certified again, go to
claim certified status step 1

4
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

Step 1. Application & Fee Submission

To be eligible for the CPCM® certification, you must meet certain education, training, and work
experience requirements. For the CPCM®, there are no waivers for these requirements.
Education Training Work Experience
Bachelor’s degree* 5 years
120 CPE
(must be from a regionally accredited (must conform with Contract
(must conform with CPE GuideTM)
institution) Management Standard competencies)

* For degrees outside the United States, evidence of equivalency must be provided by an independent third-
party evaluator. U.S. accreditation standards apply to U.S. colleges and universities. To determine the
equivalency of your degree, you must obtain a determination of equivalency from an independent source.
World Education Services, Scholaro, Credit Eval, Info Check USA, and SpanTran are some of the organizations
that provide credential evaluations for international students. NCMA is not affiliated with these organizations
in any way.
CPCM® Certification Fees
Though you are not required to be an NCMA member to obtain an NCMA certification, the fees you pay
are determined by your NCMA membership status. The membership rates apply only when you are a
member in good standing. The following figure presents the applicable fees.

Action Member Fee Nonmember Fee

Certification Application
(good for 1 year but no more than $225 $425
3 exams)

Certification Exam $135 (US & Canada) $135 (US & Canada)
(must pay for each exam
$160 (all others) $160 (all others)
individually)

April-July: $47.50 April-July: $72.50

Recertification Application
August-October: $76.00 August-October: $116.00
(submitted every 5 years)
November-March*: $95.00 November-March*: $145.00
*Recertification applications submitted after 12/31 of their recertification cycle end date may be subject
to a late fee in accordance with Step 8 Credential Suspension.
How to Submit Payment
Once you have uploaded your certification or recertification application, payment will be made by credit
card through the NCMA shopping cart process.
Exam fees are submitted directly to the testing center when you schedule your exam.
Special Needs Accommodations
You may request special needs accommodations for any NCMA exam due to disability, handicap, and/or
other conditions that may impair your ability to take the exam.
Please identify your special need for exam accommodations as part of the application process.

5
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

If you do not request exam accommodations at the time of application but will require them, please
contact [email protected] as soon as possible. If you have already scheduled your exam, you
may need to cancel and reschedule the appointment.
How to Access Your Application
1. Log into your profile at the top of any page on the NCMA website and select Certification
Applications from the left-hand menu
2. From there, do one of two things:
a. Click on new application by selecting the blue button of the certification you are
applying for
-OR-
b. If it is an existing certification, click on the certification within the menu
3. From there, follow the tabs and instructions along the top.

Step 2. Application Review

Once your application and fee have been successfully submitted, you will receive an email notification
within fifteen (15) business days if your application is approved, if your application has been selected for
Continuing Professional Education (CPE) audit, and/or if additional information or evidence is required.
In accordance with Section 7.0 of the Contract Management CPE GuideTM, (CPE Guide™) all certification
and recertification applications are subject to audit of CPE documentation prior to application approval,
though only a percentage of applicants will be audited.
Exam Eligibility Period
Once your application has been approved, the one-year (1) exam eligibility period begins. NCMA will
send you an email notification with instructions on how to schedule your exam date and time.
You may take the exam up to three (3) times within this eligibility period if you do not pass the exam on
the first or second attempts. Though there are no additional application fees to take the exam the
second or third time, there will be an additional exam fee for each exam taken.

Step 3. Schedule Your Exam & Pay Exam Fee

All NCMA certification exams are administered through Kryterion Testing Centers and it is the
responsibility of the candidate to schedule the exam. The CPCM® exam may be taken onsite or online.
In both cases, the proctoring is performed by Kryterion. NCMA cannot reserve or guarantee seating at
the testing centers or if they are online proctored (OLP). We recommend that you schedule your exam
as soon as you determine the date on which you want to take it and at least three (3) months before the
expiration of your eligibility period.
Please save all exam scheduling verifications and correspondence received for your records.
The remaining portion of this step is divided into three sections:
• Step 3.1 Testing Center Exam Instructions,
• Step 3.2 OLP Exam Instructions, and
• Step 3.3 How to Reschedule or Cancel Your Exam Appointment
Step 3.1 Testing Center Exam Instructions
Taking an exam at a testing center can be a new, exciting, yet anxious experience. We want you to feel
relaxed and comfortable when visiting a Kryterion Testing Center, so we’ve provided the following
overview on what to expect as you move through the process:

6
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

1. Registration & Payment

You will register for your exam through NCMA’s Webassessor portal (access is provided in the
application approval email mentioned in Step 2). During this process you will select your desired exam,
choose Onsite delivery, and select a Testing Center, date, and time for your exam session. You will also
be asked to pay the exam fee at this time.
2. Confirmation
You will receive an email confirming your scheduled testing date, time, Kryterion Testing Center
location, and your Test Taker Authorization Code. This code is required to launch your exam at the
Testing Center.
3. Check-In at the Testing Center
Arrive 15 minutes prior to your scheduled exam time. Two forms of identification are required at the
Testing Center, and they will be verified and recorded. One must be a government issued photo ID.
Secondary identification must include your printed name such as a credit card, bank debit card, or
employee identification card. Please note in the United States, a Social Security Card is not an
acceptable form of identification. The name on your two forms of identification must match exactly
with your name as specified in your test-taker profile in Webassessor. Additionally, all identification
must be current. Expired identification will not be accepted. You will also need to provide the Test Taker
Authorization Code from your Confirmation email. The Kryterion Certified Proctor (KCP) will provide you
with documentation about preparing for your exam session while your workstation is prepared in the
testing room.
4. Personal Items
DO NOT bring personal items with you to the testing center unless specifically approved in advance for
special accommodations or listed as an approved exam aid. NCMA, Kryterion, Inc., and Kryterion Testing
Center locations are not responsible for lost or stolen items. You will be asked to place any personal
items in a cabinet, locker, or compartment prior to entering the exam area. Personal items include but
are not limited to backpacks, scratch paper, books, bags, purses, keys, wallets, hats, briefcases, books,
cell phones, calculators, electronic devices, watches, food and drink, and any weapons or firearms.
5. Taking Your Exam
Once your exam has loaded, the proctor will escort you to the workstation in the testing room and you
may then begin your exam. The exam engine provides you with detailed instructions on how to take the
exam and walks you through each step of the process. Scratch paper is provided by the proctor but is
collected by the proctor prior to the candidate leaving the facility. Under no circumstances are
candidates allowed to remove scratch paper from the facility, even if it is blank.
6. Submitting Your Exam
At the end of your exam session, you will be prompted to notify the proctor that you have completed
the exam. The KCP will submit your exam and complete the check-out process.
7. Exam Results
Exam results are provided immediately on-screen after submission (results will not be printed by the
Testing Center). However, any score provided at the conclusion of a candidate’s exam session is
considered preliminary until the candidate receives notice from NCMA that the result is official.
Step 3.2 OLP Exam Instructions
1. Registration & Payment
You will register for your exam through NCMA’s Webassessor portal (access is provided in the
application approval email mentioned in Step 2). During this process you will select your desired exam,

7
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

choose OLP delivery, and select a date and time for your exam session. You will also be asked to pay the
exam fee at this time.
2. Confirmation
You will receive an email confirming your scheduled testing date and time. This email will contain
important information and requirements for the OLP exams. Ensure that at least one day prior to your
scheduled exam time, you have read the instructions on how to prepare for your OLP exam, installed
the secure browser, and set up your Biometric Profile.
3. Check-In
Log into your Webassessor account at least 15 minutes prior to your scheduled exam time. One form of
identification is required and will be verified and recorded by the OLP proctor. Biometrics are used in
OLP and serve as your second source of identfication. The name on your identification must match
exactly with your name as specified in your test-taker profile in Webassessor. Additionally, the
identification must be current. Expired identification will not be accepted.
4. How to Launch an Online Proctored (OLP) Exam
Click the My Assessments tab of your Webassessor account to view the associated screen. You will find
your exam listed in the Scheduled Exams section.
The Launch button appears 10 minutes before the exam is scheduled to start and remains visible for 20
minutes, or until you click it to begin.
Once you have selected the Launch button, Webassessor will automatically log you out of your account
for security reasons. Your Webassessor browser page will display the following: "You have launched an
online proctored test and have been logged out of the system for security reasons."
Note: All exam candidates are recorded during the entire exam.
5. Video Camera Preview Page and Camera Position
Webassessor will display a Video Camera Preview page.
• Use the live video display to adjust the location of your webcam.
• Verify that your microphone is working.
6. Security Check
NCMA requires you to complete a few simple exam security checks before starting your online
proctored exam. This "pre-check" typically involves an ID confirmation and a 360-degree video review of
your test environment.
7. Testing Environment Requirements
• Breaks during an exam are not allowed.
• Your room must be well lit, quiet, and free of distractions.
• Your immediate surroundings must be clutter-free. There is only one active computer, one
active monitor, one keyboard, and one mouse.
• No exam aids are authorized. However, an online scratch space is available to the candidates
during the exam. After the exam closes, no data or text from the scratch space will be stored.
• You must not wear a lanyard, badge, hat, watch, or jewelry. (Remove them before the exam
starts.)
• You may not interact with anyone – aside from online support staff – during your exam.
8
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

• You may not use dual monitors.

• Do not lean out of the camera view during your exam. A proctor must be able to see you at all
times.
• Cell phones or any other “smart” devices are not permitted in the testing area.
• Reading the exam aloud or talking is prohibited.
Note: If the testing environment or system set-up are not satisfactory, you will receive instructions to
help you correct the issue(s). Once Kryterion approves the adjustments, your exam will resume.
Failure to satisfy the preceding requirements or follow instructions can lead to termination of your
exam and forfeiture of your payment. NCMA will be notified.

8. Online Exam System Requirements

Summary: Online or remote proctored exams should be done on a personal computer, no virtual
machines are allowed, and the download of required software may require an Administrative user
account. To see the full list of online exam system requirements and to perform a system check, please
visit the Kryterion website.
Additional Consideration: You must disable all software that can interfere with your online proctored
exam. This includes, but is not limited to, pop-up blockers, antivirus software, firewalls,
VMWare/Bootcamp, Skype, Photobooth, and TeamViewer. 2. This exam is supported by Standard
English keyboards only. If you are using a non-English keyboard, please go to Microsoft's Support
Website for instructions on modifying your keyboard to ensure a successful exam launch.
9. Communication with the Testing Center After the Exam Session Starts
PLEASE NOTE: Once the exam session begins, chat is the only method of communication with the testing
center. Also, getting the technician engaged could take 3 – 4 minutes but any lost time will be added to
the exam session.
Step 3.3 How to Reschedule or Cancel Your Exam Appointment
On-Site Proctored Exam:
You may cancel or reschedule an exam through your Webassessor portal with no additional fee up to 72
hours prior to your scheduled exam time. No Shows, Cancellations and Reschedules within 72 hours of
your scheduled exam time will incur an additional fee or the forfeiture of your exam fee altogether.
Exam fees, vouchers or coupons used to pay for the exam will not be refunded for sessions canceled
without proper notice.
Online Proctored Exam:
You may cancel or reschedule an exam through your Webassessor portal with no additional fee up to 24
hours prior to your scheduled exam time. No Shows, Cancellations and Reschedules within 24 hours of
your scheduled exam time will incur an additional fee or the forfeiture of your exam fee altogether.
Exam fees, vouchers or coupons used to pay for the exam will not be refunded for sessions canceled
without proper notice.
How to Reschedule Your Assessment:
1. Log in to your account in Webassessor.

9
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

2. Click on the My Assessments tab and locate the Scheduled Assessments section and click on the
Reschedule/Cancel link to the right of your scheduled assessment. From this exam details page,
the Reschedule and Cancel buttons will be available.
3. To reschedule your assessment, select the Reschedule/Cancel link and follow the prompts.
• If you are within the reschedule window, you will be prompted to pay the reschedule
fee. Submit your payment details in order to complete the reschedule process. An email
will be sent confirming the payment and rescheduling of your assessment.
• Click Done on the purchase-confirmation page to return to your account home screen.
How to Cancel Your Assessment:
1. Log in to your account in Webassessor.
2. Click on the My Assessments tab and locate the Scheduled Assessments section and click on the
Reschedule/Cancel link to the right of your scheduled assessment. From this assessment details
page, the Reschedule and Cancel buttons will be available.
3. If you cancel an upcoming assessment at a testing center outside of the 72-hour window, you
will receive a refund for any fees you paid for the assessment. If you cancel an upcoming
assessment within the 72-hour window, you will receive a partial refund (the assessment fee
less the late-cancellation fee).
4. If you cancel an upcoming OLP assessment outside of the 24-hour window, you will receive a
refund for any fees you paid for the assessment. If you cancel an upcoming assessment within
the 24-hour window, you will receive a partial refund (the assessment fee less the late-
cancellation fee).
5. To cancel your assessment, select the Cancel option.
• If you are within the cancellation window, you will see your total eligible refund amount
on the following screen.
• If you submit the cancellation request, your assessment will be cancelled, and you will
be issued a refund to the original credit card used to complete the transaction. You will
then be redirected to your account home screen. This refund may take 8-10 days to fully
process.
o An email will be sent confirming the cancellation of your assessment and the
amount refunded.
No-Show Status
Failure to notify Kryterion or NCMA within the specified time periods to reschedule or cancel your exam
and failure to meet a scheduled exam appointment will result in a no-show status. With a no-show
status, you will forfeit the exam fee and you must pay the full exam fee to schedule another exam
appointment.

Step 4. Take the Exam

NCMA Exam Confidentiality Agreement
Prior to beginning the exam, all candidates are presented with the following Exam Confidentiality
Agreement (ECA):

10
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

As a candidate for this exam, you are required to follow the terms of the NCMA Exam Confidentiality
Agreement (ECA) and the NCMA Code of Ethics. Please read and agree to the following before
beginning your exam:
1. I will follow all NCMA certification program policies and requirements. I understand that
failure to do so may result in investigation and sanctions by NCMA, which could include
canceling my exam results and forbidding me from taking future exams.
2. I understand that NCMA exams are confidential. I will not discuss or disclose the questions,
content, or answers from my exam to any person or organization, including other candidates,
education providers, or exam preparation services, etc. at any time.
3. Prior to this exam, I have not received information from any source regarding the confidential
questions, content, or answers of this exam.
4. I will promptly report to NCMA any possible violations of the ECA, NCMA Code of Ethics, or
NCMA certification program policies by myself or others.

The ECA is a reminder of some, but not all, of the security related policies that the candidate previously
accepted during their application. Failure to agree with any or all of the ECA will result in the immediate
termination of the candidate’s exam session.
CPCM® Exam
The CPCM® exam is based on the competencies found in the CMBOK®. PLEASE NOTE: Beginning January
15, 2023 through December 31, 20223 candidates will have the option to choose between the CPCM
Exam based on the CMBOK® Sixth Edition or the CPCM Exam based on the CMBOK® Seventh Edition.
Beginning January 1, 2024, only the CPCM Exam based on the CMBOK® Seventh Edition will be available.
The exam is comprised of 180 multiple-choice questions (including scenario-based questions), with each
question having four (4) options. Candidates are allowed up to four (4) hours to complete the exam.
Successful candidates receive a passing score of at least 72.2% on the exam.
Candidates who do not receive a passing score must wait at least ten (10) days before retaking the
exam. If the exam is not passed on the second attempt, candidates must wait at least ten (10) days
before retaking the exam. If the exam is not passed on the third attempt candidates must submit a new
certification application, to include the application fee, and receive approval prior to scheduling and
retaking the exam. Please follow the process outlined in Step 1. Application and Fee Submission of this
Handbook.
CPCM® Exam Information
The CPCM® exam is comprised of 180 multiple-choice questions of which ten (10) are beta questions.
Beta questions do not impact the final score and are used to assess the validity of future exam
questions. The beta questions are randomly placed throughout the exam. Of the 180 questions, 30 are
scenario-based. All scored questions are equally weighted. The following formula is used to determine
the four (4)hour length of the exam.
Minutes per Number of Scored Number of
Category Total Minutes
Question Questions Beta Questions
Regular 1 141 – 150 150
10
Scenario-Based 2 21 – 30 60

Exam Review 30

11
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

Total 240

CPCM® Job Task Analysis (JTA)

NCMA conducts a JTA to determine what job tasks are important and used frequently by contract
managers. NCMA’s JTA process includes a public survey, review by subject matter experts, and public
comments. This structured approach identifies the skills, knowledge, abilities, and other characteristics
needed to effectively perform contract management.
The NCMA JTA led to the identification of contract management competencies. A competency is the
blend of related skills, knowledge, abilities, and other work-related characteristics that:
• Affects a major part of one’s job (a role or responsibility);
• Correlates with job performance;
• Can be measured against well-accepted standards;
• Can be improved through education, training, and work experience; and
• Differentiates individuals and organizations from the competition.
Item Development
CPCM® exam questions are:
• Developed and independently validated by working groups comprised of CPCM® holders,
• Referenced to the CMBOK®, and
• Monitored through psychometric analysis.
CPCM® Exam Blueprint
The exam blueprint details the range of questions contained in each CMBOK® section. The following
table presents the number of possible questions in each section.

Section # Questions
CM Framework 5-8

CMBOK® Overview 5-8

1.0 Leadership 8-12

2.0 Management 30-35

3.0 Guiding Principles 30-35

4.0 Pre-Award 30-35

5.0 Award 30-35

6.0 Post-Award 30-35

7.0 Learn 6-10

TOTAL 180

12
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

CPCM® Content Matrix

The following table presents a matrix that aligns the CMBOK® Seventh Edition competencies with
CPCM® knowledge content areas. The knowledge content areas describe the type of knowledge
necessary to achieve contract management competence.
CMBOK® Competencies CPCM® Knowledge Content Areas
A Leadership KA Leadership Knowledge Content Area

A.1 Competence KA.1 Oral and Written Communication Techniques

A.2 Character KA.2 Effective Listening Techniques
A.3 Collaboration KA.3 Self-Awareness Techniques
A.4 Emotional Intelligence KA.4 Team Leadership Techniques
A.5 Vision KA.5 Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Techniques
KA.6 Networking Techniques
KA.7 Decision-Making Techniques
KA.8 Critical-Thinking Techniques
KA.9 Conflict Management Techniques
KA.10 Succession Planning Techniques

B. Management KB Management Knowledge Content Area

B.1 Business Management KB.1 Management Tools and Techniques

B.2 Change Management KB.2 Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
B.3 Financial Management KB.3 Analysis of Financial Statements
B.4 Project Management KB.4 Principles of Budgeting
B.5 Risk Management KB.5 Principles of Economics
B.6 Supply Chain Management KB.6 Principles of Marketing
KB.7 Life Cycle Management
KB.8 Change Management Strategies
KB.9 Principles of Financial Management
KB.10 Principles of Project Management
KB.11 Risk Analysis and Mitigation Strategies
KB.12 Principles of Supply Chain Management

1.0 Guiding Principles K1.0 Guiding Principles Knowledge Content Area

1.1 Skills and Roles K1.1 Defining Team Roles and Responsibilities
1.2 Contract Principles K1.2 Problem-Solving Techniques
1.3 Standards of Conduct K1.3 Strategic Planning and Execution
1.4 Regulatory Compliance K1.4 Forms of Legal Relationships
1.5 Situational Assessment K1.5 Organizational Regulations, Codes, Policies, and Procedures
1.6 Team Dynamics K1.6 Professional Standards of Conduct and Codes of Ethics
1.7 Communication and K1.7 Classes of Agents
Documentation K1.8 Basis of Authority of Agents to Act
K1.9 Contract Law
K1.10 Contract Funding Laws, Policies, and Procedures
K1.11 Intellectual Property

2.0 Pre-Award K2.0 Pre-Award Knowledge Content Area

13
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

Domain A: Develop Solicitation K2.1 Requirements Identification Techniques

2.1 Plan Solicitation K2.2 Elements of Planning
2.2 Request Offers K2.3 Market Research Techniques and Tools
K2.4 Lifecycle Management
Domain B: Develop Proposal K2.5 Performance-Based Acquisition
2.3 Plan Sales K2.6 Unique Organizational Pre-Award Practices
2.4 Prepare Offer K2.7 Electronic Contracting Tools
K2.8 Organizational and Personal Conflict of Interest
Identification and Mitigation Strategies
K2.9 Types of Contracts
K2.10 Other Contracts, Agreements, and Arrangements
K2.11 Methods to Solicit Offers
K2.12 Contract Incentives
K2.13 Contract Financing Options
K2.14 Legal Entity Structures
K2.15 Elements of a Solicitation Package
K2.16 Elements of a Proposal Package
K2.17 Proposal Evaluation Factors
K2.18 Owner-Provided Property

3.0 Award K3.0 Award Knowledge Content Area

Domain C: Form Contract K3.1 Contract Negotiation Strategies and Tactics

3.1 Cost or Price Analysis K3.2 Proposal Evaluation Techniques
3.2 Conduct Negotiations K3.3 Unique Organizational Award Practices
3.3 Select Source K3.4 Pricing and Payments
3.4 Manage Disagreements K3.5 Price and Cost Analysis
K3.6 Contract Format Methods
K3.7 Documentation Techniques to Mitigate Risk

4.0 Post-Award K4.0 Post-Award Knowledge Content Area

Domain D: Perform Contract K4.1 Types of Contract Changes

4.1 Administer Contract K4.2 Contract Change Management
4.2 Ensure Quality K4.3 Elements of a Subcontract Package
4.3 Manage Subcontracts K4.4 Subcontract Management Techniques
4.4 Manage Changes K4.5 Legal Dispute Resolution
K4.6 Alternate Dispute Resolution Methods
Domain E: Close Contract K4.7 Forms of Contract Termination
4.5 Close Out Contract K4.8 Unique Organizational Post-Award Practices
K4.9 Inspection and Acceptance
K4.10 Quality Assurance Principles
K4.11 Quality Management Principles
K4.12 Types of Audits
K4.13 Contract Close-Out Procedures

C. Learn KC.0 Learn Knowledge Content Area

14
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

C.1 Continuous Learning KC.1 Career Planning and Development

C.2 Individual Competence KC.2 Professional Development Techniques
C.3 Organizational Capability KC.3 Goal Setting
KC.4 Skills Gap Analysis
KC.5 Developing a Learning Organization
KC.6 SWOT Analysis
KC.7 Knowledge Transfer Evaluation Techniques
KC.8 Life Balance Tools and Techniques
KC.9 Innovation Development and Implementation Techniques

Sample Exam Questions

The following are sample CPCM® exam questions. The intent is to provide an indicator as to how the
questions are constructed. The correct responses are in bold font. Also, there are no responses
available on the exam with “all of the above”, “none of the above”, or any other option where multiple
options are correct or incorrect. In addition, there are no true/false, fill-in, or short answer questions.

1. Leaders should focus on tasks no one else can do rather than tasks they enjoy. Not doing so is
a trait of ___________________________.
a. Ineffective delegation
b. Unproductive habits
c. Overreliance on personal knowledge
d. Poor time management

2. The value added in __________________ is in understanding the customer’s near- and long-
term requirements and determine the organization’s ability to successfully respond to a
solicitation.
a. Plan Solicitation
b. Request Offers
c. Plan Sales
d. Prepare Offer

3. The _________________ competency is the oversight of contract performance pursuant to

the fulfillment of the contract terms, conditions, and specifications.
a. Monitor Contract
b. Ensure Quality
c. Contract Delivery
d. Administer Contract

Establishing the Passing Score

15
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

The passing score for the CPCM® exam is determined by sound psychometric analysis. In addition,
NCMA uses subject matter experts – contract management professionals from all aspects of the
profession (e.g., buyers, sellers, academics, etc.) – to determine how many questions you must answer
correctly to pass the exam. All questions are valued at equal weight, and your final score is calculated by
totaling the points you have earned on the exam.
NCMA Exam Security and Confidentiality
The exam, answer sheets, worksheets, and/or any other exam or exam-related materials remain the
sole and exclusive property of NCMA. These materials are confidential and, unless directed by valid and
lawful subpoena or court order, are not available for review by any person or organization for any
reason.
Exam (pass/fail) results are confidential and will not be disclosed to anyone without candidate consent,
unless directed by valid and lawful subpoena or court order. If you would like your exam results to be
released to a third party, you must provide NCMA with a written request that specifically identifies the
types of details (e.g., exam date, pass/fail status, etc.) about the exam results that the third-party person
or organization should receive.
When you submit any NCMA certification application, you agree to abide by the NCMA Exam
Confidentiality Agreement (found in this handbook). Among other things, this document addresses post-
exam questions and discussions. It states: “…Furthermore, I agree not to discuss, debrief or disclose, in
any manner, the specific content of NCMA exam questions and answers, to any individual.”
Any such discussion would be a potential violation of the Certification Policies & Procedures Agreement
and thus, could affect the status of your certification, up to and including revocation of your certification
or permanent suspension from any NCMA certification exams.
Preliminary Exam Scores
Any score provided at the conclusion of a candidate’s testing session is considered preliminary until the
candidate receives notice from NCMA that the result is official.
Exam Report
Exam results are provided immediately on-screen after submission (results will not be printed by the
Testing Center). However, any score provided at the conclusion of a candidate’s exam session is
considered preliminary until the candidate receives notice from NCMA that the result is official.
Reexamination(s) Policies and Procedures
When your application is approved, you are granted a one (1) year eligibility period in which to pass the
exam. During the eligibility period, you may take the exam up to three (3) times because candidates do
not always pass the exam on their first attempt. Gauge your time carefully to leave enough time during
the eligibility period to retake the exam, if needed.
Reexam fees apply to the second and third attempts to pass the exam. If you do not pass the exam there
is a required waiting period before you can sit for another attempt. The intent of this waiting period is
to allow for additional exam preparation.
If your eligibility period expires without you passing the exam, you must reapply for the certification.
The following figure presents reexam fees, wait periods, and other comments applicable to retaking
exams.

16
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

Action Fees Comments

Attempt 1 Exam Fee $135 (US & Canada) To retest after attempt 1, you must
(payable when scheduling exam) $160 (all others) wait 10 days and return to Step 3

Attempt 2 Exam Fee $135 (US & Canada) To retest after attempt 2, you must
(payable when scheduling exam) $160 (all others) wait 10 days and return to Step 3

Attempt 3 Exam Fee $135 (US & Canada) To retest after attempt 3, you must
(payable when scheduling exam) $160 (all others) return to Step 1

Approved Application $225 Member

15 business days to process
(Good up to 1 year or 3 exam attempts) $425 Nonmember

The CPCM® requirements and exam structure may be occasionally revised. NCMA may update this
CPCM® Handbook at any time. It is your responsibility to understand the current requirements and
exam structure. Please be sure to monitor this CPCM® Handbook for possible revisions. If you have
any questions, please contact NCMA.

Step 5. Certification
Once you have been notified directly by NCMA that you have officially passed the exam and you have
met all requirements, you are granted the CPCM® certification. You may refer to yourself as a CPCM®
certification holder as long as you have an active certification status. You are authorized to use the
CPCM® designation in block letters after your name on business cards, personal letterhead, resumes,
websites, and in your email signature.
Please note that as part of the application process, you agreed to adhere to the NCMA Certification
Policies and Procedures Agreement and the NCMA Code of Ethics. This means, among other things, that
you will only use the CPCM® designation in the manner stated above and that you will not use the
CPCM® designation in company names, domain names, product names, or any other unauthorized
manner.
Certificate
Your certificate will be provided electronically and a letter will be mailed to you at the beginning of the
next month following certification.
Public Information
Upon request, NCMA will verify and provide information as to whether an individual holds a current,
valid certification and the scope of that certification, except where the law requires such information
not to be disclosed.

Step 6. Recertification
Immediately upon certification, the five (5) year recertification cycle starts. To continue to be a CPCM®
in good standing, you are required to earn sixty (60) Continuing Professional Education (CPE) and be
approved for recertification by December 31 following five (5) full years of certification.* For instance, if
you earn the CPCM® any time in 2020, you must have submitted a recertification application and
received approval of that application by December 31, 2025. Following this same example, the next
recertification cycle will end on December 31, 2030. Certificants are responsible to submit correct and

17
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

timely applications to allow for review and approval by December 31 of the fifth year after certification
or recertification.
Once your recertification application and fee have been successfully submitted, you will receive an email
notification within fifteen (15) business days if your application is approved, if your application has been
selected for CPE audit, and/or if additional information or evidence is required. In accordance with
Section 7.0 of the CPE Guide, all certification and recertification applications are subject to audit of CPE
documentation prior to application approval, though only a percentage of applicants will be audited.
*Please note: Effective January 1, 2021, the number of CPE required to recertify the CPCM® will
increase to one hundred (100). This means that those who recertify in 2026 and later must provide
evidence of 100 CPE over the five (5) year recertification cycle. For instance, those who certify or
recertify in 2021 will be required to provide evidence of 100 CPE when recertifying in 2026.
As you approach the end of your five (5) year cycle, as a courtesy, NCMA will send emails to remind you
of your need to recertify. These notices will be sent to the email you have on file with NCMA. Please
keep in mind that you are responsible to keep your email address up to date. If your email is not up to
date, you will not receive the reminders.
Please allow 15 business days for your application to be reviewed and processed. Note that this does
not mean your application will be approved within 15 business days. It is the responsibility of the
certificant to track, plan, and achieve the recertification requirements by the deadline.
The CPCM® recertification requirements may be revised from time to time. When revisions occur,
NCMA will make a public announcement and contact you as a CPCM certificant in good standing at
the email address in your NCMA profile. However, it is your responsibility to understand and comply
with the current requirements to be recertified. If you have any questions, please contact NCMA.

Recertification Program Overview

NCMA’s recertification requirements support the continuous learning expected of our certification
holders so they are always prepared to meet the demands of today’s complex business environment.
The purpose of the program is to:
• Enhance continuous learning and development among certification holders,
• Provide direction in development areas to ensure relevancy of certified practitioners,
• Encourage and recognize individualized learning opportunities,
• Offer a mechanism for attaining and recording professional development activities, and
• Sustain the value of NCMA certifications.
Everyone who earns a CPCM® certification must actively maintain their certification(s) through
continuous learning and renewal of their certification(s) every 5 years.
Being actively engaged in professional development and learning activities allows certification holders to
earn CPE, fulfilling the continuing certification requirements and ultimately growing and developing as a
practitioner.
NCMA recognizes that everyone has different professional needs and desires. The recertification
program is designed to be flexible so it can adapt to those needs and allow you to customize your
activities. The program provides a general framework and guidance—you determine your ultimate
development path.
For details and instructions on how to earn and track CPE, download the Contract Management
Continuing Professional Education GuideTM (CPE GuideTM).
18
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

Action Member Fee Nonmember Fee CPE Requirement

Recertification Evidence of 60 CPE**
Application April-July: $47.50 April-July: $72.50
(must conform to CPE
August-October: $76.00 August-October: $116.00
(Submitted every 5 GuideTM)
November-March*: $95.00 November-March*: $145.00
years)

*Recertification applications submitted after 12/31 of their recertification cycle end date may be subject to a late
fee in accordance with Step 8 Credential Suspension.
**Evidence of 100 CPE will be required from those who are recertifying the CPCM® beginning in 2026.
Application Review
The application review will take up to 15 business days. Note that this does not mean your application
will be approved within 15 business days. It is the responsibility of the certificant to track, plan, and
achieve the recertification requirements by the deadline.
Please keep in mind that:
• You agree to abide by the NCMA Code of Ethics and the NCMA Certification Policies &
Procedures Agreement;
• The same type of documentation used to verify CPE in recertification is the same as that used in
the certification process; and
• Any requests for additional information on an incomplete recertification application does not
extend the recertification deadline.
Recertification Notification
Upon recertification, NCMA will issue a letter to recognize the accomplishment along with a gold seal
with the updated year of recertification to place on your certificate.

Step 7. Retired Status

The retired certification status allows individuals to continue to be recognized for achieving NCMA
certification(s) after leaving the contract management profession or related fields. Retired certification
status does not require the CPE requirements of the active certifications, which may no longer provide
value to a retired individual. Please note that retired certification status does not qualify for and is not
considered an active certification.
Eligibility
Those eligible to apply for the retired certification status must meet the following criteria:
• The individual must hold an active CPCM®, CFCM®, and/or CCCM® certification in good standing
for at least 10 years;
• Provide 60 CPE hours*; and
• The individual must be, or soon to be, separated from the contract management profession or
related fields.
*Please note: Beginning in 2026, evidence of 100 CPE will be required.
Applying
• Applicants must complete the retired certification application form and include a one-time,
nonrefundable $95 (NCMA member)/$145 (nonmember) application fee.

19
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

• Individuals with a retired certification status designation must adhere to the same Code of
Ethics as active certificants and may be subject to revocation in the event of a Code violation.
• If the individual with the retired certification status becomes re-employed within the contract
management profession or a related field, he or she must discontinue use of the retired status
designation and reactivate the certification.
• Applicants are not required to be NCMA members to hold the retired certification status.
Once your application and fee have been successfully submitted, you will receive an email notification
within fifteen (15) business days if your application is approved, if your application has been selected for
CPE audit, and/or if additional information or evidence is required. In accordance with Section 7.0 of the
CPE Guide, all certification and recertification applications are subject to audit of CPE documentation prior
to application approval, though only a percentage of applicants will be audited.
Rights and Privileges
Individuals who qualify for retired certification status may use the applicable NCMA certification
(CPCM®, CFCM®, CCCM®, and/or CCMATM) followed by the retired designation (Retired) after their name
and all forms of address to indicate their status. For example, "John Smith, CPCM (Retired)" signifies a
retired CPCM® certification.
Restrictions
Retired certification designees may not use the applicable NCMA certification (CPCM®, CFCM®, CCCM®,
and/or CCMATM) without the "(Retired)" suffix, and they are not entitled to use or hold themselves out
to the public as an active NCMA certificant.
Reactivating a Retired Certification
Retired NCMA certifications may be reactivated under the following options:
Option 1. If the application for reactivation is made within 5 years of the last date of being an
NCMA certificant in good standing, the retired certificant must complete the reactivation application,
which will include providing evidence of the applicable amount of CPE for each of the years in which the
certification was retired. For example, the current requirement to recertify is 60 hours of CPE
(an average of 12 CPE hours per year). If reactivation is requested after 3 years, the number of required
CPE hours is prorated to 36 hours.
Option 2. If more than 5 years has passed since the last date of being an NCMA certificant in
good standing, or the requirements to reactivate are not met, the individual must go through the
certification process again to include completing the application process and passing the exam (starting
at Step 1. Application & Fee Submission) of the certification process.

Step 8. Credential Suspension

Certificants must plan accordingly and attain new CPE throughout the five (5) year recertification cycle.
Complete recertification applications must be approved for recertification by December 31.
Recertification applications not approved or submitted after December 31 will result in the applications
certification status being changed from active to “suspended.”
During this period of suspension, you are not authorized to present yourself as holding an active CPCM®.
A recertification late period will commence on January 1 with a requirement to be approved for
recertification no later than March 31 following the recertification deadline, certificants may submit the
recertification application with a nonrefundable late fee. Please keep in mind that any requests for

20
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

additional information on an incomplete recertification application does not extend the suspension
deadline.
Please allow 15 business days for your application to be reviewed and processed. Note that this does
not mean your application will be approved within 15 business days. It is the responsibility of the
certificant to track, plan, and achieve the recertification requirements by the deadline.

Step 9. Credential Expiration

Applications received after March 31 are not accepted and the certification is expired. As of April 1, you
are not authorized to present yourself as holding an active CPCM®.
To achieve an active CPCM®, the current certification process must be followed from the beginning. If
you achieve an active CPCM® again, the effective date will be as of the current date NCMA notifies you
of the accomplishment. You will not be retroactively certified to cover the gap in which you did not hold
an active CPCM®.

Certification Complaints Process

All complaints regarding the certification process are governed by the NCMA Certification Complaints
Procedures. Examples of a complaint include but are not limited to:
• Dissatisfaction with a certification process,
• Dissatisfaction with exam content, or
• Dissatisfaction with the exam administration.
All certification related complaints must be reported within 30 days of the event/incident cited, made in
writing, and sent to NCMA:
• Via email at [email protected], or
• Via postal mail at 21740 Beaumeade Circle, Suite 125, Ashburn, VA 20147
All complaints should include evidence supporting the reason for the complaint and the nature of the
request, including all reasons why the action or decision should be changed. A complaint must include:
• Date;
• Stated Complaint;
• Relevant supporting materials; and
• The complainant’s phone number and email address.

We will acknowledge, in writing, your complaint within 14 business days of receipt. If a complaint is
missing any necessary information, you will be informed and allowed an additional 30 days to supply the
missing information. If the required information is not submitted within that time, the request will be
closed. The review and validation of the complaint will occur in a constructive, impartial, and timely
manner. You will be notified of the outcome within three (3) business days of the decision being made.
A record of the complaint, including any subsequent action(s) taken, and the decision made will be
maintained by NCMA. All information pertaining to the complaint will remain confidential.
You have the right to appeal the decision on your complaint within 14 calendar days of the notification
of the decision rendered. The appeal must be submitted in writing to NCMA Certifications and can be
sent via email to [email protected] or mail to one of the addresses listed above. Please see the
following section for appeals procedures.

21
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

Certification Appeals Process

All challenges to NCMA’s Certification Program are governed by the NCMA Certification Appeals
Procedure. This appeal process is the only method to review complaint decisions made by NCMA.
Examples of an appeal include but are not limited to:
• Rejection of a certification application,
• Decision of a filed complaint, or
• Failure to meet requirements resulting in a certification being suspended or terminated.
All certification related appeals must be reported within 30 calendar days of the event/incident cited,
made in writing, and sent to the NCMA Certification Staff:
• Via email at [email protected] or
• Via postal mail at 21740 Beaumeade Circle, Suite 125, Ashburn, VA 20147.
To request an appeal, you must submit a request and include evidence supporting the reason for the
appeal and the nature of the request, including all reasons why the action or decision should be
changed. An appeal must include:
• Name and e-mail address of the appellant,
• Nature of the objection,
• A description of why the appeal should be granted, and
• Any applicable evidence that supports the appeal.
We will acknowledge, in writing, your appeal within 14 business days of receipt. The review and
validation of the appeal will occur in a constructive, impartial, and timely manner. You will be notified of
the appeal decision within 30 calendar days of NCMA’s receipt of the appeal, unless circumstances
warrant a delay. If a delay is expected, you will be notified. A record of the appeal, including any
subsequent action(s) taken, and the decision made will be maintained by NCMA. All information
pertaining to the appeal will remain confidential.

22
 Certified Professional Contract Manager® (CPCM®) Handbook
May 15, 2023

Appendix: How to Approach the Examination*

For the mental side of examinations, here are some recommended exam-taking techniques:

1. Relax. The examination is based on your profession.

2. Read the questions carefully, answering those you can easily and quickly answer. It is usually a good
idea to go with your first impression when answering a question; second-guessing can cause you to
change a correct answer to an incorrect one.

3. Skip over or flag questions that appear too difficult and return to them later.

4. Don’t stop. Keep going. Keep reading questions until you find one you can answer. The questions
you’ve read will be in the back of your mind; when you return to them, you’ll have a fresh
perspective. Avoid overanalyzing and second-guessing the question. Choose the correct answer for
the question as it is written. Do not make assumptions about what the question means. Don’t regard
questions as being “trick questions” or concentrate on the exceptions to normal practice.

5. Keep an eye on the clock. Judge the time you have so you don’t spend a lot of time puzzling over one
question to the detriment of being able to answer several others. Flag questions you are having
trouble with and move on.

6. Don’t try to “game” the system by choosing answers to ensure that an equal number of As, Bs, Cs and
so on are selected.

7. Try to answer the question in your mind before you read the choices. Good exam questions are
constructed to allow the knowledgeable examination candidate to do this.

8. If you can’t readily identify the correct answer, make an educated guess. Eliminate the choices you
know to be false and select from those remaining.

9. If time permits, look over your answers. However, avoid trying to second-guess your answers.

10. Don’t worry about the examination. You may feel wrung out and exhausted at the end of it, but that is
not necessarily an indication of how well or how poorly you may have performed.

• This section and its content are meant to provide helpful tips. NCMA cannot and does not
guarantee that its practices will result in a passing exam.

23