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OS Functions

The document discusses operating systems and their functions. An operating system is software that enables computer programs to run by managing hardware resources like memory, processors, and devices. It performs basic tasks like allocating memory, prioritizing requests, controlling input/output, facilitating networking, and managing file systems. Operating systems also manage main memory, processors, devices, and files. They can be single-user systems for one person at a time or multi-user systems that allow regulated access for multiple simultaneous users.

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Sheetal Sharma
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17 views

OS Functions

The document discusses operating systems and their functions. An operating system is software that enables computer programs to run by managing hardware resources like memory, processors, and devices. It performs basic tasks like allocating memory, prioritizing requests, controlling input/output, facilitating networking, and managing file systems. Operating systems also manage main memory, processors, devices, and files. They can be single-user systems for one person at a time or multi-user systems that allow regulated access for multiple simultaneous users.

Uploaded by

Sheetal Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operating Systems

What is OS?
• Operating System is a software, which makes a computer to actually
work.

• It is the software the enables all the programs we use.

• The OS organizes and controls the hardware.

• OS acts as an interface between the application programs and the


machine hardware.

• Examples: Windows, Linux, Unix and Mac OS, etc.,


What OS does?

An operating system performs basic tasks such as,

• controlling and allocating memory,


• prioritizing system requests,
• controlling input and output devices,
• facilitating networking and
• managing file systems.
Structure of Operating System:

Application Programs

System Programs

Software (Operating System)

HARDWARE
Operating Systems functions:

• Main Memory Management


• Processor Management
• Device Management
• File Management
Main Memory Management

• In charge of main memory


• Random Access Memory (RAM)
• Responsibilities include:
• Preserving space in main memory occupied by operating
system
• Checking validity and legality of memory space request
• Setting up memory tracking table
• Tracks usage of memory by sections
• Needed in multiuser environment
• Deallocating memory to reclaim it
Processor Management

• In charge of allocating Central Processing Unit (CPU)


• Tracks process status
• An instance of program execution
• Two levels of responsibility:
• Handle jobs as they enter the system
• Handled by Job Scheduler
• Manage each process within those jobs
• Handled by Process Scheduler

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Device Management
• In charge of monitoring all resources
• Devices, channels, and control units
• Responsibilities include:
• Choosing most efficient resource allocation method
• Printers, ports, disk drives, etc.
• Based on scheduling policy
• Allocating the device
• Starting device operation
• Deallocating the device
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File Management

• In charge of tracking every file in the system


• Data files, program files, compilers, application programs
• Responsibilities include:
• Enforcing user/program resource access restrictions
• Uses predetermined access policies
• Controlling user/program modification restrictions
• Read-only, read-write, create, delete
• Allocating resource
• Opening the file
• Deallocating file (by closing it)
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Types of OS:

Operating System can also be classified as,-

• Single User Systems

• Multi User Systems


Single User Systems:

• Provides a platform for only one user at a time.

• They are popularly associated with Desk Top


operating system which run on standalone systems
where no user accounts are required.
• Example: DOS
Multi-User Systems:

• Provides regulated access for a number of users by maintaining


a database of known users.

• Refers to computer systems that support two or more


simultaneous users.

• Another term for multi-user is time sharing.

• Ex: All mainframes and are multi-user systems.


• Example: Unix

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