i

Development and Performance Evaluation of the Mini-Ice Plant Test Bed in

Capitol University Auxiliary Laboratory

A PROJECT STUDY

Presented to
The College of Engineering
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Capitol University
Cagayan de Oro City

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the requirements for the degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Researchers:
Acac, Kent Gerald B.
Cuñado, John Carl Francis
Faigane, Reynaldo
Icayan, Dann Cyrill V.
Lumba, Kyle Andrey

January 2023
 ii

Capitol University
Cagayan de Oro City
9000 Philippines

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE OF PANEL APPROVAL

This is to certify that we have examine Project study/ME Project 2 entitled

“DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THE MINI-ICE
PLANT TEST BED IN CAPITOL UVIVERSITY AUXILIARY LABORATORY”,
prepared and submitted by ACAC, KENT GERALD, CUNADO, JOHN CARL
FRANCIS, FAIGANE, REYNALDO, ICAYAN DANN CYRIL and LUMBA, KYLE
ANDREY. It is found that all the comments and recommendations of the Oral Examination
Panel had been reflected. This Project study/ME project 2 is hereby recommended for
approval and acceptance.
ENGR. JUVY MAE I. VINCENT DR. MARIA VICTORIA A.
UMARAN
Member Member
____________ ____________
Date Date

ENGR. GENEVIEVE A. GABULE DR. ROGELIO C. GOLEZ JR.

Member Member
____________ 30/01/2023
Date Date

ENGR. RUEL L. GALLARES DR. ROGELIO C. GOLEZ

Instructor Instructor
___________ 30/01/2023
Date Date

This study is approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the

course BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.

ENGR. RUEL L. GALLARES

Chairperson, Mechanical Engineering Department
___________
Date

ENGR. GENEVIEVE A. GABULE

Dean, College of Engineering
___________
Date
 iii

ABSTRACT

This paper intends to study the performance of the mini ice plant machine placed in
the mechanical engineering laboratory of Capitol University at Cagayan de Oro
City's Auxiliary Building. This study seeks to determine the Voltage, Temperature,
and Amperes with salinity percentages of 80%, 85%, and 90%. The researchers
focus their study on the improvement of the mini-ice plant test bed by evaluating
and developing its performance, specifically in the Auxiliary Laboratory of Capitol
University. Performance evaluation and the testing of the mini ice plant by the used
Freon 404A (R-404A).

The Ice Plant Test Rig operates using the simple R404A vapor compression
refrigeration cycle. Students can study and learn about the ice producing process
thanks to the system's design. Understanding how the vapor compression system
operates, performs, and is controlled is also essential.

The researchers tested two trials in every salinity concentration, comparing the
brine salinity, data results to the actual data confirmation. In the first trial, 80%
salinity, the complete ice making took 6 hours in - 7.98 °C, 85% salinity, 3 hours
and 12 minutes in -10.23 °C, and 90% salinity, 2 hours and 48 minutes in - 9.06 °C.
In the second trial, 80% salinity, the complete ice making took 5 hours in -9.86 °C,
85% salinity, 3 hours in -9.67 °C, and 90% salinity, 2 hours and 30 minutes in -
9.06 °C. Based on the ice-making data, it can be concluded that 90% salinity
produced better results and generated better performance in making ice.

Keywords: Mini-Ice plant, Salinity Test, Vapor- Compression System

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The participants in this study have our sincere gratitude and respect, the researchers
say.

The first thing the researchers would want to do is to express their gratitude to the
Almighty Father for his unfailing generosity and faithfulness in providing for them
during their journey.
Second, Dr. Rogelio Golez Jr., who helps the researchers throughout this writing
study by extending, demonstrating, and assisting them. For his unwavering
assistance and compassion with the researchers during the creation of this study.

Thirdly, appreciation to the families of the researchers who encouraged them to be

brave and tenacious and provided them with financial support to make this endeavor
a success.

Last but not least, thanks to their peers and friends who served as another source of
support for them as they completed this report. All of the researchers' efforts are
acknowledged as they produce this paper.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE i
CERTIFICATE OF PANEL APPROVAL ii
ABSTRACT iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF FIGURES vii
CHAPTER
1 THE PROBLEM
Introduction 2
Objectives of the study 4
Statement of the Problem 4
Conceptual Framework 5
Schematic Diagram 5
Significance of the study 6
Scope and Limitation of the study 6
Definition of terms 7
2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES 8

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Background and concepts of the study 11
Overview of the Theoretical Framework 11
Theory 1 (Discussion) 14
Experimental Set-up 14
Experimental Procedure 15
Data Gathering 20
Coefficient of Performance 22
Research Locale 27
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 28
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5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 37

REFERENCES 39
APPENDIX A 42
APPENDIX B 53
CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTIC AUTHORSHIP 54
CURRICULUM VITAE 55
 vii

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Mini Ice Plant Page 11

Figure 2 Brine Tank Page 12
Figure 3 Brine Solution Page 13
Figure 4 Ice Can Page 20
Figure 5 Capitol University Auxiliary Laboratory Page 28
Figure 6 Temperature (Fahrenheit) Page 33
Figure 7 Temperature (Celsius) Page 34
Figure 8 Amperes Page 36

Table 1 First Trial for Testing for Ice Making Page 30

Table 2 Second Trial for Testing for Ice Making Page 32
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CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM

Introduction

In the United States, the regulatory community is now inquiring about the frequency
and procedures of routine sanitation, as well as operations and maintenance
following manufacturer's recommendations, as part of the inspection process
because they are more aware of the possibility of contamination. Inspection of ice
makers reveals that many of them are rarely if ever, cleaned and sterilized. They
have a noticeable buildup of slime and mold within. Numerous research indicates
that contaminated, filthy ice is more typical than one might imagine. (Robert W.
Powitz, 2020)

At this time cooling storage is very rampant as it becomes important for people
living in a community. The design for the test bed for a mini-ice plant originated
with the researchers. can operate based on its cooling temperature and its control.
The study aims to repair, improve and develop the machine to operate and can be
used for further experimentation. Refrigeration is the process of removing heat from
where it is not wanted. Heat is removed from food to preserve its quantity and
flavor. It is removed from room air to establish human comfort. Therefore, as heat
is removed, space or material becomes colder. The more heat is removed, the colder
it becomes. (Santos, R, L. 2021)

In the Philippines, science has improved our knowledge of biofilm development

and its management since the discovery that ice is a source of microbial
contamination. In a matrix of polymers generated by microorganisms, biofilms are
communities of microorganisms, primarily bacteria that coexist and grow together.
Mold or fungus builds up from bacterial development on surfaces that are frequently
exposed to adhering water drops and warm temperatures, resulting in the
accompanying slime creation. Ice may develop unpleasant smells and scents as a
result of the biofilm. Cleaning and sanitation are far more challenging once well-
 3

developed biofilms have taken hold on surfaces. The bacterial cells living within
biofilms are protected by them. (Constable, 2020)

The Ice Plant Test equipment employs 404a as a refrigerant and operates on a
straightforward vapor compression refrigeration cycle. Students can use the system
to explore and learn about the ice creation process. Understanding how vapor
compression systems function, perform, and have controls is also helpful. the
placement of components so that it is simple to understand how each one functions
and is visible. In May 2017, the trial ice plant test rig was put to the test at the
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology in Bhopal, India. (Dhamneya, A,
K. 2017)

Ice is a consumable substance that specifically performs the basic refrigeration

process. Food and drinks for picnics stay nice and fresh if there is some ice in the
cooler. It is refreshing to drink anything cold, especially on a hot summer day. The
principal cycle utilized in ice plants is the vapor compression cycle, which uses
brine solution in the secondary circuit. Brine solution transfers heat from the
secondary circuit's water to the primary circuit's ammonia. As a result, the ice
factory uses the indirect way of cooling. In the secondary circuit, brine is cooled in
the evaporator before being pumped around the water-filled container. (Poortvliet,
2015)

The clean-up of ice handling. The following safety measures should be taught to all
employees who handle ice. Before obtaining ice, wash your hands. Do not touch
any other elements of the ice scoop; only hold it by the handle. Avoid touching the
ice with your hands. Never put leftover ice in the ice maker or storage chest. the
cleanliness of the equipment. The facility's operations should include the following
procedures. Except while extracting ice, keep the access doors to ice storage bins
and ice makers closed. Limit access to the ice storage bins, ice makers, and any
additional equipment and materials that may be in or around them. At least once a
 4

month, but preferably once a week, the ice storage chests should be cleaned. (Robert
W. Powitz, 2020)

Objectives of the Study

Main Objectives:

The primary goal of the study is to assess how well Mini-Ice plants operate at
various salt levels and ice production rates.

Specific Objectives:

The following are the study's particular goals:

 To evaluate the physical and operational setup of the mini-ice plant at CU

auxiliary Lab.
 To determine the mini-ice plant Coefficient of Performance in terms of salinity
concentration (80%, 85% and 90%).
 To develop an operation manual and calculations to be used for laboratory
experiments in ME Lab.

Statement of the Problem

The study concerning to aims to address the problem that needs to evaluate the mini-
ice plant's performance, develop experimental Procedures and calculations, Time to
produce ice at varying salinity levels of concentration, and improve to have a better
performance of the mini-ice plant. This study is concerning the mini-ice plant test
bed required The ice plant's usage on what best salinity will be calculated based on
time intervals and brine temperature in the ice tank by the used 80%, 85%, and 90%
of salinity percentages.
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Because brine has variable thermodynamic properties depending on the salt

concentration, it could alter the performance of several components in making ice.

Materials and data logger to measure the performance. Specifically, it concerns

more about how the refrigerant becomes useful for cooling storage that operates at
its expected temperature.

Conceptual Framework

The researchers discovered how mini-ice plant test beds are used to shorten
refrigeration times, determine ice plant capacity, and assess the system's coefficient
of performance (COP). It employs 404a as a refrigerant and operates on a
straightforward vapor compression refrigeration cycle. The input, method, and
result are clearly depicted in the schematic diagram, which is primarily used to
explain how the study is being conducted. Instruments, a data logger, a test rig,
design, and function are all examples of input, and the research will give all of these
in order to solve the main issue and improve the machine's performance. The
researchers must evaluate, test, develop, repair, and experiment, among other
processes. This will help the study to obtain what is the purpose and how machines
can be improved and developed. Lastly, the output is that the study's primary goals
are to establish and carry out an evaluation of the mini-ice plant test bed to operate
well, examine and learn the ice formation process, its performance, and control. As
well as determining the time duration, temperature, voltage and Fahrenheit with the
specific salinity percentages.

Schematic Diagram

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 Mini Ice  Inspection and  Electrical

Plant design Repair Voltage.
parameters. Requirements.
 Time Duration
 Varying  Different
of making ice.
Brine Concentrations  Brine
Solution. between (80%, Temperature.
85%, and 90%).  Coefficient of
Performance.
 6

Significance of the Study

This study is beneficial for the following:

Future Researcher: This study will provide concrete information for future
researchers in more developed performance of the mini-ice plant test bed found in
Capitol University Auxiliary Laboratory.

School: The study helps to innovate and develop the existing machine more
conveniently and it can be used by the other students an advantage is that
researchers will be the ones to work and improve for it.

Teachers: This study will help them enhance the work of future students that will
use the machine and give them enough benefit as it can be more useful and not just
let it standby in the laboratory.

Future Students: The study will help them to use a more innovative machine that
is well developed and easy to use as it no longer has the old version of it with the
help of researchers doing this study.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

The Auxiliary Laboratory at Capitol University serves as the precise location

where the researchers evaluate and develop their study's performance with a focus
on the mini-ice plant test bed's improvement. As part of the research investigation,
information on electrical voltage and brine temperature will be gathered. Although
each component will be addressed individually in separate papers, the researchers
will evaluate each component as a whole. We'll provide more details on the
compressor's input and exit temperature distribution.
 7

Definition of Terms

Evaluation

Define the process that entails a result of an action being done. It helps to understand
and assess the performance of the machine.

Development

Used to find out how the machine must be developed, the idea of creating something
into much better access and use of the machine.

Laboratory

A place where the study is being conducted and where the research must be done.

Mini-Ice Plant

Used to signify an entire ice manufacturing and storage system.

Performance

Is the action that is being performed. It is used in the study to identify how the
machine functions and operates.

Test Bed

Equipment is used to test and help the development of types of machinery and other
engines.
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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Previous research, journals, handbooks, and textbooks relevant to the

subject matter of ice manufacturing, brine concentration, and condenser
performance are used to support and ground the project study. This chapter
summarizes the findings of the researcher.

ICE PLANT

Our project intends to create an experimental test setup for laboratories in

universities and the refrigeration industry. The ice plant's performance is evaluated
using the ice plant test rig. capacity, assess the system's coefficient of performance
(COP), and shorten refrigeration times. According to our research into the physical
and chemical characteristics of several types of refrigerants, we concluded that
R134a is the refrigerant that is most appropriate for the system that has been
presented. Due to its superior characteristics to refrigerants used in earlier eras, a
brine solution is ideal as a backup refrigerant for the system's requirements. After
conducting study on the typical old ice plant, a prototype model of an ice plant with
the aforementioned accessories has been produced.

BRINE

The freezing point of water is lowered by salt. Brine is water with a high
salt concentration. When used as a supplementary refrigerant or freezing solution,
brine has this property. The freezing point of brine decreases as the salt
concentration increases.

Before determining the amount of water and salt required, the brine concentration
must be determined. To get the desired brine characteristics and concentration, all
of the salt must be dissolved. Because agitation speeds up the pace at which salt
 9

dissolves, it must be done with an outside engine or pump that circulates the brine.
Finally, the brine temperature is typically positive to negative degrees Celsius lower
than the refrigeration coil temperature.

SALINITY

In the study of Lee et al (2018), In order to examine the performance

characteristics of an iodized salt ice-making device using a scraped surface double
tube evaporator, experiments were conducted under a variety of operating
conditions, including inlet temperature and seawater flow rate, evaporating
temperature, and scraper rotation speed.

The key findings are as follows: (1) the range of seawater flow rates and
intake temperature dictate the section where stable ice forming is possible. By
altering the Iodized flow rate, the device's ice packing factor (IPF) can range from
0.3 to 14.7%. (2) When the evaporating temperature drops linearly, down to 13 °C,
the IPF rises. The IPF changes as a result of variations in the temperature of the
refrigerant flowing into the evaporator. (Lee H-K, Choi K-H 2018)

The ice plant is one of the most essential refrigeration applications. The ice plant is
used to provide a cooling effect to freeze water for use in regular cans that are placed
in a brine-filled rectangular tank. The concept is based on an easy-to-implement
vapor compression cycle refrigeration technology. The four steps of the vapor
compression cycle are compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation. A
prototype model of an ice plant with the aforementioned accessories has been
constructed after research into the usual ice plant. (Whitman, et. Al 2009)

The module's performance coefficient is 3.45. The heat conductivity of the

galvanized iron sheet, polyurethane foam, and stainless steel plate utilized as
insulation in the brine tank is U = 0.3215Wm2K. If the brine reaches its final
temperature, the calculated time for ice to freeze is 1800 seconds. According to
tests, ice may be frozen up to 80% of its volume in 3 hours and 30 minutes, which
 10

is the best time. Modification of a mini-ice plant in a module (University of the

East, 2015)
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CHAPTER 3 - RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Background and concepts of the study

The mini refrigerant is used to increase system efficiency while decreasing energy
consumption (viz. speed up heat transmission in the cooling coil). The cooling coil
cannot chill the water to the saturated level if the mini-refrigerant does not cool to
the appropriate level in the condenser. As can be seen, an air-cooled condenser
performs worse in hot and dry circumstances, requiring more energy from the
chiller. The mini refrigerants the system can't function effectively since the chiller
is blocked and the condenser doesn't reject heat well enough.

3.2 Overview of the Theoretical Framework

Figure 1: Mini Ice Plant

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Brine Tank

The barflies 5 are brought upward to the level of effect to achieve a uniform
distribution bottom row of cooling pipes. Brine tank to maintain its temperature,
and in the particular illustration, the barflies 5. Circulation of the brine through the
tank is brought upward to the level of effect to achieve a uniform distribution
bottom row of cooling pipes. The temperature is consistent throughout the tank.

Figure 2: Brine Tank

Ice Plant:

1. Brine Salinity:
2. The Baseline for different types of Brine.
1. Alubijid Salt
 13

Prepare a container with water

inside, add salt depending on how
high your salinity and mix until no
substance of salt remain.

The brine solution is then manually

poured into the Brine Tank after
being corrected for salinity using a
salt meter tester.

To the brine tank, add the brine

solution. To measure the salinity
inside your tank, use a salinity
tester.
 14

The Ice-making can now get

started.

Figure 3: Brine Solution

3.3 Theory 1 (Discussion)

R-125, R-134a, and R-143a are all components of the hydro fluorocarbon
(HFC) refrigerant known as Freon 404A (R-404A). It was created to take the
position of R-502 and R-22, which are utilized in low- and medium-temperature
refrigeration systems in commercial buildings. Its characteristics make it perfect
for use in ice makers, refrigerators, display cabinets, and other applications.
Freon 404A is a low-toxicity, nonflammable refrigerant with identical features
to the one it replaces. It has an ASHRAE A1 safety rating. It has a 3920 Ozone
depletion potential (ODP) and global warming potential (GWP) are both zero.

3.4 Experimental Set-up

Place the test setup with all the required parts. It is equipped with voltmeters,
pressure gauges, and other equipment. The condenser, condenser fan, and
compressor have all been installed correctly. The evaporator and condenser are
 15

joined via an expansion valve. A tube connects the evaporator tank, which is filled
with brine solution and ice cans, to the compressor.

3.5 Experimental Procedure

Since data will be collected for salt concentrations of 80%, 85%, and 90%, any
increase in salt concentration will only result in an increase in the freezing
temperature. The optimal conditions for creating ice are below freezing
temperatures.

An amount of water that has been weighed will be used as a reference to determine
the necessary salt mass. It is necessary to determine the salinity in ppt units for each
salt concentration. For any salt concentration, the brine inside the tank should
roughly be around the expected salinity in ppt. Salinity studies must be performed
both before and after the cooling process. Refrigeration can begin as soon as the
required salinity is reached.

Ordinary water-filled ice cans must be put into the brine tank after the temperature
falls below 0 OC. There must be one liter of water in each can. A salt meter can be
used to measure both the temperature of the brine and the amount of power being
used.
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Step 1: Create a Brine solution

using water and salt Prepare a
container for brine solution, the
brine tank capacity is 65 gallons
(246 Liters) and add a certain
amount of salt of your choice to its
salinity.

 For 80% salinity - 60 kilos

of salt
 For 85% salinity- 70 kilos
of salt
 For 90% salinity - 80 kilos
of salt
You may use the salinity tester to
determine the salinity of the brine if
you want to test the salinity of your
preference.

Step 2: Check the Machine for any

damage such as leaking, damaged
wires and not working
components.

If leaking is found apply soap

bubble solution, which you apply
the bubble solution to a certain
area where you suspected for
leakage, if bubbles is found
quickly replace/repair it.
 17

Step 3: Put the brine solution to the

brine tank

Slowly put the brine solution so

that no damage with occur inside
the brine tank.

Step 4: Plug the machine Make

sure there are no leaks when you
plug in, especially if brine solution
leaks out because it might lead to a
short circuit if the wire is wet.

Step 5: Turn on the Breaker

Always turn on the breaker when

starting the machine it is located at
the top right corner of the control
panel

Step 6: Start the machine Pressing

the green button which indicates for
the compressor switch or the ON
switch of the machine
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Step 7: After 30 minutes of

warming up turn on the agitator, In
the figure, the indication of the
agitator is switched ON is after
switching on the green light above
the agitator switch is on.

Step 8: Check the gauges

frequently throughout the
procedure. This stage is crucial
since it is here that you will observe
variations in the pressures of the
gauges, which include the gauges
for voltage, hertz, and amps. The
high and low pressure gauges are
shown in the figure as pressure
gauges. The Amperes, Voltage, and
Hertz are depicted in the
illustration.

Step 9: After reaching negative

temperature, put the ice can in the
brine tank

When being filled, the ice can

must not float in order for the
water within to remain stable, for
the temperature of the ice can to
fall, and for the production of ice
to occur.
 19

Step 10: Wait for the result

Step 11: After the experiment, turn

off the machine by first turning off
the compressor switch, then the
breaker, and finally the agitator.

In the diagram, we first turn off the

agitator before turning off the
compressor and then the breakers.

Step 12: Unplug the machine

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3.6 Data Gathering

The following data will be collected during the study:

1. Electrical Voltage.
2. Brine Temperature
3. Fahrenheit
4. Degree Celsius

For all necessary data, they will be gathered on a 6-min interval. The starting
temperature for brine shall be below -1 OC. Data gathering ends when water inside
the ice cans is completely solid. A plot interval illustrating the data over the time
period of testing will be presented.

Figure 4: Ice Can

Dimensions:
Length – 4 in, Width – 3 in

Depth – 10 in, Plate thickness – 0.1 in

Number of ice cans – 6

Dimensions:

Length – 4 in
 21

Width – 3 in

Depth – 10 in

Plate thickness – 0.1 in

Number of ice cans – 6

 22

3.7 Coefficient of Performance

In the table below, the following data were taken from the given data and the R-
404A thermal dynamic.

COP For 80% using R404A

Liquid Vapor
Temperature (C)
hf (enthalpy) sf (entropy) hg (Enthalpy) sg (Entropy)

25 234.7 1.12 375.9 1.595

-9.89 186.4 0.9497 360.1 1.611

Therefore:
Ha = 346.9952 kJ/kg
Hc = 234.7 kJ/kg
Hb = 375.9 kJ/kg

COP = RE / Work
Where, RE = Ha – HC
Ha = Hf + xa Hga

Where:

xa = 0.9
Ha = 186.4 + 0.92[360.1 – (186.54)] = 346.9952 kJ/kg
 23

Hc = Hfc = 234.7 kJ/kg

HB = Hgb = 375.9 kJ/kg

∴ RE = Ha – HC
RE = 346.9952 – 234.7 (Kj/kg)
RE = 112.2552 Kj/kg

∴ Work = Hb - Ha
Work = 375.9 – 346.9952 (kJ/kg)
Work = 28.9048 Kj/kg

COP = 112.2552 / 28.9048 (kJ/kg)

COP = 3.88
 24

COP For 85% using R404A

Liquid Vapor

Temperature (C) hf (enthalpy) sf (entropy) hg (Enthalpy) sg (Entropy)

10 214.1 1.05 370.1 1.601

-9.67 186.4 0.9497 360.1 1.611

COP = RE / Work Therefore:

Where, RE = Ha – HC Ha = 346.9952 kJ/kg
Hc = 214.1 kJ/kg
Ha = Hf + xa Hga Hb = 370.1kJ/kg

Where:
xa = 0.9
Ha = 186.4 + 0.92[360.1 – (186.54)] = 346.9952 kJ/kg
Hc = Hfc = 214.1 kJ/kg
HB = Hgb = 370.1kJ/kg

∴ RE = Ha – HC
RE = 346.9952 – 214.1 (Kj/kg)
RE = 132.8952 Kj/kg
 25

∴ Work = Hb - Ha
Work = 370.1 – 346.9952 (kJ/kg)
Work = 23.0048 Kj/kg
COP = 132.8952 / 23.0048 (kJ/kg)
COP = 5.77
 26

COP For 90% using R404A

Liquid Vapor

Temperature (C) hf (enthalpy) sf (entropy) hg (Enthalpy) sg (Entropy)

6 208.4 1.03 368.2 1.601

-9.06 186.4 0.9497 360.1 1.611

COP = RE / Work Therefore:

Where, RE = Ha – HC Ha = 346.9952 kJ/kg
Hc = 208.4 kJ/kg
Ha = Hf + xa Hga Hb = 368.2 kJ/kg

Where:
xa = 0.9
Ha = 186.4 + 0.92[360.1 – (186.54)] = 346.9952 kJ/kg
Hc = Hfc = 208.4 kJ/kg
HB = Hgb = 368.2 kJ/kg
 27

∴ RE = Ha – HC
RE = 346.9952 – 208.4 (Kj/kg)
RE = 138.5952 Kj/kg

∴ Work = Hb - Ha
Work = 368.2– 346.9952 (kJ/kg)
Work = 21.2048 Kj/kg

COP = 138.5952 / 21.2048 (kJ/kg)

COP = 6.53

3.8 Research Locale

The research will take place at Capitol University, specifically in the

Auxiliary Laboratory of Engineering Department, Cagayan de Oro City,
Philippines.

Figure 5: Capitol University Auxiliary Laboratory

 28

CHAPTER 4 – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The chapter, the researcher will go over the findings and information
acquired for the project study, which intends to examine how changes in brine
concentration affect the system's power usage and brine temperature. To represent
the data that will be explained, graphs are employed. The statistics are tabulated in
the part of the appendix.

Inspection of Current Condition

Before the Machine was ready to start, a conditioning check-up was made in order
to determine any damages in the machine to prevent the machine to have further
damage.

1. Inspection of the Machine

Upon inspecting the machine, physical surveillance by direct observation of the

machine was made,

The damages in the machine that were found are:

- Filter Drier needs to be replaced,

- Drain Plug was missing, and;

- The water Pump Tube was corroded,

Other than that everything else of the machine’s components was in good condition.
 29

2. Conditioning and Repair of the Machine

After determining the machine, we bought the essentially needed materials

to replace the ones that are unusable such as:

a. Filter Drier

b. Water Pump Tube: (In the water pump tube, our advisor who is more
experienced the in ice plant had advised us that, we just have to cut the tube
that was connected to the brine tank and solder it as it will not be needed
anymore.)

c. Drain Plug : (In the Drain plug, we had just used an old slipper and used it
as a drain plug for us to minimize expenses)

d. Other than that we fix the hectic look of the machine. We fix the messy
spaghetti wires that are messy, cleaned the Brine tank that is full of rust,
painted the entire ice plant to look clean, and clean the Ice Cans where Ice
will be formed.

3. Performance Evaluation

A non-destructive technique to confirm the presence of a leak in a machine

component is leak testing. Upon Leak testing, we did a vacuum leak testing using
bubble testing, in order we did not waste Freon.

A bubble leak test is performed by submerging a package into water and forcing air
into the package. If a steady stream of bubbles is observed, that would indicate a
breach of the sterile barrier.

After the leak test and we found a huge leak near the filter drier due to the bolt nut
where not being tensed well, after that there was no leaking in the machine had been
found and we did a partial injection of the Freon and leave it for a day.

4. Partial Testing of the Mini Ice Plant

 30

When the Freon was already injected, a partial test of the machine and everything
went smoothly as the Brine Tank get cold and every component of the machine
works properly. The partial testing of the Mini Ice plant was the final conditioning
check-up of the machine and is now ready for actual ice-making.

Testing of the Mini Ice Plant

Table 1: First Trial for Testing for Ice Making

Warm Up:
First Trial

Day 1

Time Duration Temperature

0:00:00 26.25°C

4:00:00 8.83°C

Day 2

0:00:00 13.56°C

5:54:00 -1.06°C

TESTING FOR ICE MAKING

First Trial
1st Testing (80% Salinity)

Starting Percentages -1.12°C

6:00:00 (Complete Ice Making) -7.98°C

Warm up:

Time Duration: Temperature:

 31

0:00:00 11.5°C

2:30:00 -0.75°C

TESTING FOR ICE MAKING

2nd Testing (85% Salinity)
Starting Percentages -1.12°C

3:12:00 (Complete Ice Making) -10.23°C

Warm up:

Time Duration: Temperature:

0:00:00 3.81

1:18:00 -1.19°

TESTING FOR ICE MAKING

3rd Testing (90% Salinity)

Starting Percentages -1.12°C

2:48:00 (Complete Ice Making) -9.06°C

Start the load at -1.12° while doing an 80% salinity test. After 5 hours and 30
minutes, the ice can with a 1 liter of water inside started to freeze, but we assumed
it wasn't fully frozen yet. After 6 hours, the water inside the ice can was entirely
frozen. The ice can with a 1 liter of water inside started to get frozen after 2 hours
and 30 minutes of putting the load at -1.12° during the 85% salinity testing, however
we think it is not totally frozen because it continued to get frozen after 3 hours and
12 minutes. Start the load at -1.12° when testing 90% salinity. After 2 hours and 6
minutes, the ice can with 1 liter of water within it begins to freeze, but we think that
 32

it is not totally frozen. However, after 2 hours and 48 minutes, the water inside the
ice can has frozen completely.

Table 2: Second Trial for Testing for Ice Making

TESTING FOR ICE MAKING

Second Trial
1st Testing (80% Salinity)

Starting Percentages -1.12°C

5:00:00 (Complete Ice Making) -9.89°C

TESTING FOR ICE MAKING

2nd Testing (85% Salinity)
Starting Percentages -1.12°C

After 3:00:00 (Complete Ice Making) -9.67°C

TESTING FOR ICE MAKING

3rd Testing (90% Salinity)

Starting Percentages -1.12°C

2:30:00 (Complete Ice Making) -9.06°C

Starting with a load of -1.12° during an 80% salinity test, the ice can with 1 liter of
water inside began to completely freeze after 5 hours at a temperature of -9.89°C,
indicating that there was a difference between the first and second trials of
evaluating the freezing point of the ice. During 85% Salinity Testing start to put the
load at -1.12°, after 3hrs the Ice can with 1liter of water inside started to completely
get frozen with having a temperature of -9.67°C this means that in the second trial
of testing of making ice there is a changes of the first trial in temperature when it
comes of the freezing point. When the load was already applied during the 90%
 33

Salinity Testing, the temperature was -1.12°. After 2 hours and 30 minutes, the ice
can with 1 liter of water inside actually started to completely freeze with a
temperature of -9.06°C, indicating that there had been a change from the first trial
in temperature when it came to the freezing point.

Temperature (°F)
80%, 85%, 90%
Temperature(*F) 80% Temperature(*F) 85% Temperature(*F) 90%

35
30
temperature (°f)

25
20
15
10
5
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
time (hour)

Temperature (F)
Second Trial
80%, 85% and 90%
80% 85% 90%

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

FIGURE 6: Temperature (Fahrenheit)

 34

Although the findings varied, they all started at 29, 97°F and finished at 20.5°F,
15.13°F, and 15.69°F in the graph for the test at salinities of 80%, 85%, and 90%.
Temperature is measured using the Fahrenheit scale, which is based on the freezing
points of water. Water starts to freeze at 32 degrees. This data can be used to
determine how chilly the small ice plant is. The temperature will drop as the
pressure does. The second test result demonstrates how quickly the temperature
changes from 30 to 15 degrees Fahrenheit. This indicates that the micro ice plant is
in good shape and is suitable for future testing.

Temperature (°C)
First Trial
80%, 85% and 90%
Temperature(*C) 80% Temperature(*C) 85% Temperature(*C) 90%

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
-2
temperature (°C)

-4

-6

-8

-10

-12
time (hour)
 35

Temperature (°C)
Second Trial
80%, 85% and 90%
80% 85% 90%

0
0 1 2 3 4 5

-2

-4
temperature (oc)

-6

-8

-10

-12
time (hour)

FIGURE 7: Temperature (Celsius)

Since the results differed, the temperature (°C) result data throughout the test at
salinities of 80%, 85%, and 90% is different; nonetheless, they all started at -1°C
and concluded at -7.98°C, -10.23°C, and -9.06°C, respectively. Further testing for
ice makes it important to collect temperature data in order to ensure that the
appropriate temperature needed is obtained. The temperature in the graph
demonstrates how to accurately determine when to insert the Ice container with 1
liter of water. The results of the second test indicate that the freezing point is -9
degrees Celsius for the three salinity percentages that were chosen, with accuracy
rates of 80%, 85%, and 90%.
 36

Amperes (A)
First Trial
80%, 85% and 90%
Amperes 80% Amperes 85% Amperes (A) 90%

10
8
amperes (a)

6
4
2
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
time (hour)

AMPERES (A)
Second Trial
80%, 85% and 90%
80% 85% 90%

10
8
AMPERES

6
4
2
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
TIME (HOUR)

FIGURE 8: AMPERES

The graph illustrates how the tiny ice plant's amperes stay constant while it is put
to the test in the experiment by using the amperes of 80%, 85%, and 90%. The flow
of electron amperes in a circuit is serial.
 37

CHAPTER 5 - CONLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Conclusion

The researchers able to evaluate and inspect of what necessary changes

when it comes of replacements of each parts to have a better performance of the
mini-ice plant machine the researchers found out that the filter dryer needs to
replace because the one that is already in the machine is now completely replaceable
after physical monitoring was conducted by direct observation of the machine,
problems were discovered, including a missing drain plug and rusted water pump
tube. However, all other components of the machine were in excellent condition.to
offer physical filtration and to adsorb system pollutants like water, which can
produce acids in a better condition in conclusion all the needed parts are able to
replacement and the outcome is that the researchers able to produce the Ice in a
matter of minutes.

The researchers were able to determine that during an 80% Salinity Test, which
began with the load at -1.12°, the ice can with a liter of water inside began to freeze
after 5 to 6 hours to do so entirely. during the 85% Salinity Testing, and it takes 3
hours After commencing the load at -1.12° during the 90% Salinity Testing, the ice
container with 1 liter of water inside begins to freeze after 2 hours to fully freeze.
The outcome is that the researchers able to produce the Ice in a matter of minutes
and to make an conclusion the three salinity percentages that where taken a test the
researchers found out that the 90% is the best when it comes in producing an ice.

Recommendations
The following recommendations are made based on the findings and conclusions:
A. Increase PSI of Freon
This means that when the PSI Freon will increase the possibility as well that the
temperature can immediately decrease.
 38

B. Increase Salinity Percentage

The researchers are able to distinguish that when the salinity percentage increases
the time that the temperature goes down is faster than the tried salinity percentage
tested.
Therefore, the two recommended ideas help to improve the performance of the
machine and can easily produce Ice as fast as it can.
 39

REFERENCES

Clayton, R. (2021) MINI ICE PLANT TRAINING MODULE CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES.
https://pdfcoffee.com/chapter-2-mini-ice-plant-training-module-final-pdf-
free.html.

Santos, R, L. (2021) Performance Test of a Mini Ice Plant (Pull down Test).
https://www.academia.edu/7650677/EXPERIMENT_NO_1_Performance_Test_o
f_a_Mini_Ice_Plant_Pull_Down_Test.

Lisa, J. (2020) “Ocean Guardian Students Battle Invasive Species”

https://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/news/feb15/invasive-species.html

Robert, W. Powitz (2020) “Sanitation of the Ice Making Equipment”.

https://www.food-safety.com/articles/4343-the-sanitation-of-ice-making-
equipment

Shaikh, J. (2019) ICE PLANT TEST RIG

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348187118_ICE_PLANT_TEST_RIG

Dhamneya, A.K (2017)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X17301946

Lee H-K, Choi K-H, Yoon J-I, Moon C-G, Jeon M-J, Lee J-H, Lee K-S, Son C-H.
Performance Characteristics of a Seawater Ice-Making Device Using a Scraped
Surface Double Tube Evaporator. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8(11):2063.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app8112063
 40

Ranmiwas (2019) Ice Plant Test Rig.

https://repo.ijiert.org/index.php/ijiert/article/view/1940

Dhamneya, A,K. (2018) Case Studies in Thermal Engineering. https://academic-

accelerator.com/Quartile/Case-Studies-in-Thermal-Engineering

Pohare, M. N., Sadullah, S. R., & Taher, S. J. (2019). Ice Plant Test Rig.
International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology, 1-3.
https://repo.ijiert.org/index.php/ijiert/article/view/1940

INTERNET LINKS

https://pdfcoffee.com/chapter-2-mini-ice-plant-training-module-final-pdf-
free.html?fbclid=IwAR39i7PS2CTa0gKLxlN7HhvRYmZOZD67cvCUhoOHXur
pUmXZHdnrvClhyew

https://www.academia.edu/7650677/EXPERIMENT_NO_1_Performance_Test_o
f_a_Mini_Ice_Plant_Pull_Down_Test?fbclid=IwAR2cwePI2wSYR7Yrp4lAmgf
DDbNAuXYVxjbaEEp01BDBKBUDIIJiLsJ8eJg

https://www.scribd.com/document/427002073/Ice-Plant-Test-
Rig?fbclid=IwAR16HKVAg4wylQoMYWYQo37TfjsQJv3NfMsSe9CsPfhT3I_g
wlNrkYXHQ68

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X17301946?fbclid=I
wAR15wpaqxGtmiZGViMebEKwj7dDNz__3JcNs4FtXKI9Fc7X6SNuoUC0soso

https://pdfcoffee.com/6-performance-test-of-a-mini-ice-plant-lecture-pdf-
free.html?fbclid=IwAR0wrJ2r47SbzQtkJnmwctn0GpmqP-N-
gWCOnNA97hDcLl6d6y6q0MalWwY
 41

https://www.scribd.com/document/463814263/EVALUATION-OF-THE-MINI-
ICE-PLANT-SCALE-MODEL?fbclid=IwAR3jr4SaGcWzAlyM-T-rO-
ERNJRRgEy2AMLQmLsUVkZn0Cqf5ZPCcaE57UY

https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jmce/papers/Conf.RDME%202017/Volume-
3/10.%2061-66.pdf
 42

APPENDIX A: SALINITY PERCENTAGES RESULT

0compiled: Dec 21 2022 13:43:47

80%
First Trial
Acac, Cunado, Faigane, Lumba, Icayan
Duration Date Time Voltage Temperature(*C) Temperature(*F) Amperes
0:00:00 12/22/2022 14:08:43 246.75 -1.12 29.97 8
0:06:00 12/22/2022 14:14:43 275.49 -1.12 29.97 8
0:12:00 12/22/2022 14:20:44 231.13 -1.19 29.86 8
0:18:00 12/22/2022 14:26:44 249.06 -1.31 29.64 8
0:24:00 12/22/2022 14:32:45 228.49 -1.44 29.41 8
0:30:00 12/22/2022 14:38:45 272.52 -1.56 29.19 8
0:36:00 12/22/2022 14:44:46 272.03 -1.69 28.96 8
0:42:00 12/22/2022 14:50:46 269.79 -1.81 28.74 8
0:48:00 12/22/2022 14:56:47 269.04 -2 28.4 8
0:54:00 12/22/2022 15:02:47 263.28 -2.13 28.17 8
1:00:00 12/22/2022 15:08:48 278.45 -2.25 27.95 8
1:06:00 12/22/2022 15:14:48 225.05 -2.38 27.72 8
1:12:00 12/22/2022 15:20:49 218.91 -2.5 27.5 8
1:18:00 12/22/2022 15:26:49 221.32 -2.63 27.27 8
1:24:00 12/22/2022 15:32:50 216.49 -2.69 27.16 8
1:30:00 12/22/2022 15:38:50 217.03 -2.75 27.05 8
1:36:00 12/22/2022 15:44:51 224.78 -2.94 26.71 8
1:42:00 12/22/2022 15:50:51 250.09 -2.94 26.71 8
1:48:00 12/22/2022 15:56:52 248.29 -2.94 26.71 8
1:54:00 12/22/2022 16:02:52 227.97 -3.06 26.49 8
2:00:00 12/22/2022 16:08:53 230.34 -3 26.6 8
 43

2:06:00 12/22/2022 16:14:53 236.64 -3.06 26.49 8

2:12:00 12/22/2022 16:20:54 240.55 -3.25 26.15 8
2:18:00 12/22/2022 16:26:54 232.19 -3.38 25.92 8
2:24:00 12/22/2022 16:32:55 222.92 -3.38 25.92 8
2:30:00 12/22/2022 16:38:55 283.11 -3.5 25.7 8
2:36:00 12/22/2022 16:44:56 226.38 -3.56 25.59 8
2:42:00 12/22/2022 16:50:56 240.81 -3.56 25.59 8
2:48:00 12/22/2022 16:56:56 263.28 -3.75 25.25 8
2:54:00 12/22/2022 17:02:57 231.4 -3.75 25.25 8
3:00:00 12/22/2022 17:08:57 240.03 -3.94 24.91 8
3:06:00 12/22/2022 17:14:58 280.17 -4 24.8 8
3:12:00 12/22/2022 17:20:58 276.73 -4.06 24.69 8
3:18:00 12/22/2022 17:26:59 275.74 -4.19 24.46 8
3:24:00 12/22/2022 17:32:59 267.54 -4.25 24.35 8
3:30:00 12/22/2022 17:39:00 222.39 -4.31 24.24 8
3:36:00 12/22/2022 17:45:00 246.49 -4.38 24.12 8
3:42:00 12/22/2022 17:51:01 244.43 -4.5 23.9 8
3:48:00 12/22/2022 17:57:01 238.99 -4.56 23.79 8
3:54:00 12/22/2022 18:03:02 238.99 -4.63 23.67 8
4:00:00 12/22/2022 18:09:02 259.5 -4.69 23.56 8
4:06:00 12/22/2022 18:15:03 277.22 -4.75 23.45 8
4:12:00 12/22/2022 18:21:03 279.93 -4.75 23.45 8
4:18:00 12/22/2022 18:27:04 267.79 -4.88 23.22 8
4:24:00 12/22/2022 18:33:04 254.68 -4.81 23.34 8
4:30:00 12/22/2022 18:39:05 259.75 -5 23 8
4:36:00 12/22/2022 18:45:05 252.39 -5 23 8
4:42:00 12/22/2022 19:06:05 285.8 -5.31 22.44 8
4:54:00 12/22/2023 19:12:06 221.76 -5.78 22.45 8
5:00:00 12/22/2024 19:18:08 256.43 -5.97 22.3 8
 44

5:06:00 12/22/2025 19:24:08 245.12 -6.21 22.19 8

5:12:00 12/22/2026 19:30:11 276.91 -6.48 22.01 8
5:18:00 12/22/2027 19:36:11 278.45 -6.69 21.87 8
5:24:00 12/22/2028 19:42:12 223.56 -6.78 21.65 8
5:30:00 12/22/2029 19:48:12 223.45 -6.98 21.45 8
5:36:00 12/22/2030 19:54:14 223.89 -7.15 21.36 8
5:42:00 12/22/2031 20:00:15 223.78 -7.36 21.11 8
5:48:00 12/22/2032 20:06:16 223.12 -7.58 20.98 8
5:54:00 12/22/2033 20:12:17 223.67 -7.78 20.76 8
6:00:00 12/22/2034 20:18:17 223.87 -7.98 20.5 8
 45

0compiled: Jan 24 2023 09:00:00

80%
Second Trial
Duration Date Time Voltage Temperature(*C) Temperature(*F) Amperes
0:00:00 01/24/2023 09:08:43 240.1 -1.12 29.97 9
0:06:00 01/24/2024 09:14:43 223.45 -1.56 29.97 9
0:12:00 01/24/2025 09:20:44 223.89 -1.97 29.86 9
0:18:00 01/24/2026 09:26:44 223.78 -2.45 29.64 9
0:24:00 01/24/2027 09:32:45 223.12 -2.89 29.41 9
0:30:00 01/24/2028 1409:38:45 223.67 -3.33 29.19 9
0:36:00 01/24/2029 09:44:46 223.87 -3.64 28.96 9
0:42:00 01/24/2030 09:50:46 245.8 -3.97 28.74 9
0:48:00 01/24/2031 09:56:47 223.89 -4.41 28.4 9
0:54:00 01/24/2032 10:02:47 221.76 -4.76 28.17 9
1:00:00 01/24/2033 10:08:48 240.43 -4.99 27.95 9
1:06:00 01/24/2034 15:14:48 245.12 -5.16 27.72 9
1:12:00 01/24/2035 15:20:49 240.91 -5.4 27.5 9
1:18:00 01/24/2036 10:26:49 238.45 -5.72 27.27 9
1:24:00 01/24/2037 10:32:50 223.56 -5.89 27.16 9
1:30:00 01/24/2038 10:38:50 237.8 -6.1 27.05 9
1:36:00 01/24/2039 10:44:51 228.89 -6.3 26.71 9
1:42:00 01/24/2040 10:50:51 223.76 -6.52 26.71 9
1:48:00 01/24/2041 10:56:52 230.43 -6.88 26.71 9
1:54:00 01/24/2042 11:02:52 245.12 -6.88 26.49 9
2:00:00 01/24/2043 11:08:53 240.91 -6.98 26.6 9
2:06:00 01/24/2044 11:14:53 237.45 -7.21 26.49 9
2:12:00 01/24/2045 11:20:54 230.56 -7.39 26.15 9
2:18:00 01/24/2046 11:26:54 233.8 -7.4 25.92 9
2:24:00 01/24/2047 11:32:55 230.89 -7.66 25.92 9
2:30:00 01/24/2048 11:38:55 235.76 -7.66 25.7 9
2:36:00 01/24/2049 11:44:56 230.43 -7.89 25.59 9
2:42:00 01/24/2050 11:50:56 245.12 -7.89 25.59 9
2:48:00 01/24/2051 11:56:56 235.76 -7.99 25.25 9
2:54:00 01/24/2052 12:02:57 230.43 -7.99 25.25 9
3:00:00 01/24/2053 12:08:57 245.12 -8.09 24.91 9
3:06:00 01/24/2054 12:14:58 240.11 -8.26 24.8 9
3:12:00 01/24/2055 12:20:58 226.38 -8.36 24.69 9
3:18:00 01/24/2056 12:26:59 240.81 -8.52 24.46 9
3:24:00 01/24/2057 17:32:59 240.11 -8.64 24.35 9
 46

3:30:00 01/24/2058 12:39:00 226.38 -9 24.24 8

3:36:00 01/24/2059 12:45:00 240.81 -9 24.12 8
3:42:00 01/24/2060 12:51:01 231.17 -9 23.9 8
3:48:00 01/24/2061 12:57:01 240.11 -9 23.79 8
3:54:00 01/24/2062 13:03:02 226.38 -9 23.67 8
4:00:00 01/24/2063 13:09:02 240.81 -9.1 23.56 8
4:06:00 01/24/2064 13:15:03 240.11 -9.23 23.45 8
4:12:00 01/24/2065 13:21:03 226.38 -9.36 23.45 8
4:18:00 01/24/2066 13:27:04 240.81 -9.45 23.22 8
4:24:00 01/24/2067 13:33:04 221.76 -9.45 23.34 8
4:30:00 01/24/2068 13:39:05 256.43 -9.64 23 8
4:36:00 01/24/2069 13:45:05 245.12 -9.64 23 8
4:42:00 01/24/2070 13:06:05 221.76 -9.75 21.44 8
4:48:00 01/24/2071 13:51:06 256.43 -9.89 20.67 8
4:54:00 01/24/2072 13:57:06 245.12 -9.89 20.45 7
5:00:00 01/24/2073 14:03:08 234.11 -9.89 19.89 7
 47

compiled: Jan 5 2023 12:59:08

85%
First Trial
Acac, Cunado, Faigane, Lumba, Icayan
Duration Date Time Voltage Temperature(*C) Temperature(*F) Amperes
0:00:00 01/05/2023 15:37:09 233.77 -1.12 29.97 8
0:06:00 01/05/2023 15:43:09 233.2 -1.87 28.76 8
0:12:00 01/05/2023 15:49:10 233.31 -2.36 28.09 8
0:18:00 01/05/2023 16:05:40 233.36 -2.63 27.27 8
0:24:00 01/05/2023 16:11:40 233.86 -2.88 26.82 8
0:30:00 01/05/2023 16:17:41 233.48 -3.19 26.26 8
0:36:00 01/05/2023 16:23:41 233.86 -3.31 26.04 8
0:42:00 01/05/2023 16:29:42 233.11 -3.56 25.59 8
0:48:00 01/05/2023 16:35:42 233.52 -3.94 24.91 8
0:54:00 01/05/2023 16:41:43 233.86 -4.19 24.46 7
1:00:00 01/05/2023 16:47:43 233.67 -4.44 24.01 7
1:06:00 01/05/2023 16:53:44 233.78 -4.69 23.56 7
1:12:00 01/05/2023 16:59:44 233.45 -4.88 23.22 7
1:18:00 01/05/2023 17:05:45 233.23 -5.13 22.77 7
1:24:00 01/05/2023 17:11:45 233.67 -5.44 22.21 7
1:30:00 01/05/2023 17:17:46 233.68 -5.56 21.99 7
1:36:00 01/05/2023 17:23:46 233.62 -5.81 21.54 6
1:42:00 01/05/2023 17:29:47 233.9 -6.06 21.09 6
1:48:00 01/05/2023 17:35:47 233.88 -6.31 20.64 6
1:54:00 01/05/2023 17:41:48 233.44 -6.38 20.52 6
2:00:00 01/05/2023 17:47:48 233.77 -6.5 20.3 6
2:06:00 01/05/2023 17:53:49 233.8 -6.81 19.74 6
2:12:00 01/05/2023 17:59:49 233.89 -7 19.4 6
2:18:00 01/05/2024 18:05:50 233. 78 -7.36 18.19 6
 48

2:24:00 01/05/2025 18:11:50 233.56 -7.89 17.56 6

2:30:00 01/05/2026 18:17:50 233.65 -8.27 17.26 6
2:36:00 01/05/2027 18:23:53 233.48 -8.6 17.04 6
2:42:00 01/05/2028 18:29:54 233.5 -8.89 16.87 6
2:48:00 01/05/2029 18:35:55 233.59 -9.1 16.47 6
2:54:00 01/05/2030 18:41:56 233.66 -9.41 16.21 6
3:00:00 01/05/2031 18:47:57 233.74 -9.67 15.91 6
3:06:00 01/05/2032 18:53:58 233.85 -9.98 15.56 6
3:12:00 01/05/2033 18:59:59 233.89 -10.23 15.13 6
 49

compiled: Jan 24 2023 15:00:00

85%
Second Trial
Acac, Cunado, Faigane, Lumba, Icayan
Duration Date Time Voltage Temperature(*C) Temperature(*F) Amperes
0:00:00 01/24/2023 15:00:00 233.77 -1.12 29.97 8
0:06:00 01/24/2023 15:06:00 233.2 -1.69 28.76 8
0:12:00 01/24/2023 15:12:00 233.31 -2.32 28.09 8
0:18:00 01/24/2023 15:18:40 233.36 -2.79 27.27 8
0:24:00 01/24/2023 15:24:40 233.86 -2.78 26.82 8
0:30:00 01/24/2023 15:30:41 233.48 -3.19 26.26 8
0:36:00 01/24/2023 15:36:41 233.86 -3.31 26.04 8
0:42:00 01/24/2023 15:42:42 233.11 -3.56 25.59 8
0:48:00 01/24/2023 15:48:42 233.52 -3.94 24.91 8
0:54:00 01/24/2023 15:54:43 233.86 -4.19 24.46 7
1:00:00 01/24/2023 16:00:00 233.67 -4.44 24.01 7
1:06:00 01/24/2023 16:06:44 233.78 -4.69 23.56 7
1:12:00 01/24/2023 16:12:44 233.45 -4.88 23.22 7
1:18:00 01/24/2023 16:18:45 233.23 -5.13 22.77 7
1:24:00 01/24/2023 16:24:45 233.67 -5.44 22.21 7
1:30:00 01/24/2023 16:30:46 233.68 -5.56 21.99 7
1:36:00 01/24/2023 16:36:46 233.62 -5.81 21.54 6
1:42:00 01/24/2023 16:42:47 233.9 -6.06 21.09 6
1:48:00 01/24/2023 16:48:47 233.88 -6.31 20.64 6
1:54:00 01/24/2023 16:54:48 233.44 -6.38 20.52 6
2:00:00 01/24/2023 17:00:48 233.77 -6.5 20.3 6
2:06:00 01/24/2023 17:06:49 233.8 -6.81 19.74 6
2:12:00 01/24/2023 17:12:49 233.89 -7 19.4 6
2:18:00 01/24/2023 17:18:50 233. 78 -7.36 18.19 6
2:24:00 01/24/2023 17:24:50 233.56 -7.89 17.56 6
2:30:00 01/24/2023 17:30:50 233.65 -8.27 17.26 6
2:36:00 01/24/2023 17:36:53 233.48 -8.6 17.04 6
2:42:00 01/24/2023 17:42:54 233.5 -8.89 16.87 6
2:48:00 01/24/2023 17:48:55 233.59 -9.1 16.47 6
2:54:00 01/24/2023 17:54:56 233.66 -9.41 16.21 6
3:00:00 01/24/2023 18:00:57 233.74 -9.67 15.91 6
 50

compiled: Jan 6 2023 09:13:31

90%
First Trial
Acac, Cunado, Faigane, Lumba, Icayan
Duration Date Time Voltage Temperature(*C) Temperature(*F) Amperes
0:00:00 01/06/2023 10:31:18 233.67 -1.19 29.86 8
0:06:00 01/06/2023 10:37:19 223.66 -1.5 28.86 8
0:12:00 02/06/2023 10:43:19 223.66 -2.1 27.88 8
0:18:00 03/06/2023 10:49:19 233.65 -2.9 26.87 8
0:24:00 04/06/2023 10:55:19 233.78 -3.56 25.86 8
0:30:00 05/06/2023 10:55:19 233.81 -3.88 24.86 8
0:36:00 06/06/2023 11:01:19 233.69 -4 22.1 8
0:42:00 07/06/2023 11:07:19 233.86 -4.5 23.5 8
0:48:00 01/06/2023 11:24:35 223.66 -4.81 23.34 8
0:54:00 01/06/2023 11:30:36 223.8 -5.06 22.89 8
1:00:00 01/06/2023 11:36:36 223.66 -5.44 22.21 8
1:06:00 01/06/2023 11:42:37 223.66 -5.75 21.65 8
1:12:00 01/06/2023 11:48:37 223.94 -6.06 21.09 8
1:18:00 01/06/2023 11:54:38 222.85 -6.25 20.75 8
1:24:00 01/06/2023 12:00:38 223.66 -6.63 20.07 7
1:30:00 01/06/2023 12:06:39 221.89 -6.94 19.51 7
1:36:00 01/06/2023 12:12:39 223.8 -7.19 19.06 7
1:42:00 01/06/2023 12:18:40 223.94 -7.38 18.72 7
1:54:00 01/06/2023 12:24:40 223.94 -7.69 18.16 7
2:00:00 01/06/2023 12:30:41 223.8 -7.94 17.71 7
2:06:00 01/06/2023 12:36:41 223.8 -8.19 17.26 7
2:12:00 01/06/2023 12:42:42 223.8 -8.31 17.04 7
 51

2:18:00 01/06/2023 12:48:42 223.66 -8.56 16.59 7

2:24:00 01/06/2023 12:54:43 223.39 -8.63 16.47 7
2:30:00 01/06/2023 13:00:43 223.12 -8.88 16.02 7
2:36:00 01/06/2023 13:06:44 222.98 -8.94 15.91 7
2:42:00 01/06/2023 13:12:44 223.26 -9.06 15.69 7
2:48:00 01/06/2023 13:18:45 223.53 -9.06 15.69 7
 52

compiled: Jan 25 2023 10:31:18

90%
Second Trial
Acac, Cunado, Faigane, Lumba, Icayan
Duration Date Time Voltage Temperature(*C) Temperature(*F) Amperes
0:00:00 01/25/2023 10:31:18 233.67 -1.12 29.86 8
0:06:00 01/25/2023 10:37:19 223.66 -1.51 28.86 8
0:12:00 01/25/2023 10:43:19 223.66 -2.12 27.88 8
0:18:00 01/25/2023 10:49:19 233.65 -2.93 26.87 8
0:24:00 01/25/2023 10:55:19 233.78 -3.56 25.86 8
0:30:00 01/25/2023 10:55:19 233.81 -3.88 24.86 8
0:36:00 01/25/2023 11:01:19 233.69 -4.5 22.1 8
0:42:00 01/25/2023 11:07:19 233.86 -4.5 23.5 8
0:48:00 01/25/2023 11:24:35 223.66 -4.81 23.34 8
0:54:00 01/25/2023 11:30:36 223.8 -5.06 22.89 8
1:00:00 01/25/2023 11:36:36 223.66 -5.44 22.21 8
1:06:00 01/25/2023 11:42:37 223.66 -5.75 21.65 8
1:12:00 01/25/2023 11:48:37 223.94 -6.06 21.09 8
1:18:00 01/25/2023 11:54:38 222.85 -6.25 20.75 8
1:24:00 01/25/2023 12:00:38 223.66 -6.63 20.07 7
1:30:00 01/25/2023 12:06:39 221.89 -6.94 19.51 7
1:36:00 01/25/2023 12:12:39 223.8 -7.19 19.06 7
1:42:00 01/25/2023 12:18:40 223.94 -7.38 18.72 7
1:54:00 01/25/2023 12:24:40 223.94 -7.69 18.16 7
2:00:00 01/25/2023 12:30:41 223.8 -7.94 17.71 7
2:06:00 01/25/2023 12:36:41 223.8 -8.19 17.26 7
2:12:00 01/25/2023 12:42:42 223.8 -8.31 17.04 7
2:18:00 01/25/2023 12:48:42 223.66 -8.56 16.59 7
2:24:00 01/25/2023 12:54:43 223.39 -8.63 16.47 7
2:30:00 01/25/2023 13:00:43 223.12 -9.06 15.02 7
 53

APPENDIX B: BILLS OF MATERIALS

ITEM DESCRIPTION QTY COST

1 Salt 6 4,500

2 Filter Drier 1 675

3 Freon 404 5 3,850

4 Salt Meter 1 1,000

5 Solenoid Valve 1 500

6 Data Logger 1 15,000

Total 25,525
 54

CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTIC AUTHORSHIP

I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and, to the best of my
knowledge, it contains no materials previously published or written by another
person, nor material which, to a substantial extent, has been accepted for the award
of any other degree or diploma at CU or any other educational institution, except
where due acknowledgement is made in the manuscript. Any contribution made to
the research by others, with whom I have worked at CU or elsewhere, is explicitly
acknowledged in the manuscript.

I also declare that the intellectual content of this manuscript is the product of my
own work, except to the extent that assistance from others in the project’s design
and conception or in style, presentation and linguistic expression is acknowledged.

Acac, Kent Gerald B.

Cuñado, John Carl Francis
Faigane, Reynaldo
Icayan, Dann Cyrill V.
Lumba, Kyle Andrey
 55

CURRICULUM VITAE

KENT GERALD B. ACAC

ADDRESS: Casinglot Tagoloan Misamis Oriental
CONTACT #: 09610306295
EMAIL: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth: April 30, 2000
Age: 22
Gender: Male
Civil Status: Single
Height: 180cm
Weight: 58 kg

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

COLLEGE
Capitol University 2023-Present
Corrales Ext, Barangay 23, Cagayan de Oro

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Cagayan De Oro College PHINMA Education 2017-2019
Puerto, Cagayan de Oro City

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Casinglot National High School 2016-2017
Casinglot, Tagoloan Misamis Oriental

ELEMENTARY
 56

Casinglot Elementary School 2012-2013

Casinglot, Tagoloan Misamis Oriental

SKILLS

● Leadership
● Language: English, Filipino, Bisaya
● Communication: Oral and Writing
 57

REYNALDO J. FAIGANE III

ADDRESS: Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat
CONTACT #: 09297537718
EMAIL: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth: August 14, 2001
Age: 21
Gender: Male
Civil Status: Single
Height: 164 cm
Weight: 65 kg

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

COLLEGE
Capitol University 2023-Present
Corrales Ext, Barangay 23, Cagayan de Oro

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Notre-Dame Siena College of Tacurong 2017-2019
Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Notre-Dame Siena College of Tacurong 2016-2017
Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat

ELEMENTARY
Notre-Dame Siena College of Tacurong 2012-2013
Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat
 58

SKILLS

● Team Oriented
● Language: English, Filipino, Bisaya, Hiligaynon,
● Computer Related
 59

KYLE ANDREY LUMBA

ADDRESS: P-5 Imbatug, Cabanglasan, Bukidnon
CONTACT #: 09756598254
EMAIL: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth: May 26, 2001
Age: 21
Gender: Male
Civil Status: Single
Height: 178cm
Weight: 85 kg

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

COLLEGE
Capitol University 2023-Present
Corrales Ext, Barangay 23, Cagayan de Oro

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Bukidnon, National High School 2017-2019
Malaybalay City, Bukidnon

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Cabulohan-Paradise, National High School 2016-2017
Cabulohan, Cabanglasan, Bukidnon

ELEMENTARY
Valson's Elementary School 2012-2013
Bobonawan, Imbatug, Cabanglasan, Bukidnon
 60

SKILLS

● Leadership
● Language: English, Filipino, Bisaya, ilonggo
● Communication: Oral and Writing
 61

JOHN CARL FRANCIS A. CUÑADO

ADDRESS: Sta.Cruz II, Lapasan, Cagayan De Oro City, Mis Or
EMAIL: [email protected]
CONTACT #:
09050334014

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Date of Birth: March 17, 2001

Age: 21
Gender: Male
Civil Status: Single
Height: 170cm
Weight: 60kg

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

COLLEGE
Capitol University 2023-Present
Corrales Ext, Barangay 23, Cagayan de Oro

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Lapasan National High School 2017-2019
Hillside, Lapasan Cagayan de Oro City

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Lapasan National High School 2016-2017
Hillside, Lapasan Cagayan de Oro City

ELEMENTARY
 62

Sto.Niño Elementary School 2012-2013

Talakag Bukidnon

SKILLS

● Leadership
● Language: English, Filipino, Bisaya
● Communication: Oral and Writing
 63

DANN CYRILL V. ICAYAN

ADDRESS: Bonifacio St. Purok 9, Upper Jasaan, Misamis Oriental
CONTACT #: 09673396139
EMAIL: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth: April 20, 2001
Age: 21
Gender: Male
Civil Status: Single
Height: 170cm
Weight: 90kg

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
COLLEGE
Capitol University 2023-Present
Corrales Ext, Barangay 23, Cagayan de Oro

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Capitol University 2017-2019
Corrales Ext. Brgy 23, Cagayan de Oro City

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

St. Mary Academy of Jasaan 2016-2017
Jasaan, Misamis Oriental

ELEMENTARY
St. Rita’s College of Balingasag 2012-2013
Balingasag, Misamis Oriental
 64

SKILLS

● Computer Skills, Time Management Skills

● Problem Solving Skills, Attentive Skills
● Soft Skills
 65

Capitol University
Cagayan de Oro City
9000 Philippines

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

APPROVAL FOR BINDING

PROJECT STUDY

This is to certify that we have examined the manuscript of

“DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THE MINI-ICE
PLANT TEST BED IN CAPITOL UNIVERSITY AUXILIARY
LABORATORY” and found that all the comments and recommendations of the
Oral Examination Panel had been reflected.

This certification is issued to allow the student to submit the manuscript for
final binding.

ENGR. JUVY MAE I. VINCENT DR.MARIA VICTORIA UMARAN

Member Member
____________ ____________
Date Date

ENGR. RUEL L. GALLARES DR.ROGELIO C. GOLEZ JR.

Instructor Instructor
____________ ____________
Date Date

Recommending Approval:

ENGR. RUEL L. GALLARES

OIC Chairperson, Mechanical Engineering Department
___________
Date

Approved:

ENGR. GENEVIEVE A. GABULE

Dean, College of Engineering
___________
Date
 66

Capitol University
College of Engineering
Cagayan de Oro City

Nomination of Members of Oral Examination

Panel

The following faculty members are recommended to compose the Oral Examination
Panel of Mr./Ms. ACAC, KENT GERALD, CUNADO, JOHN CARL
FRANCIS, FAIGANE, REYNALDO, ICAYAN, DANN CYRIL and LUMBA,
KYLE ANDREY under the ME Project 2 Program, leading to the degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.

Name Signature

1. ENGR. RUEL L. GALLARES _____________________

Chairperson/Instructor

2. ENGR. GENEVIEVE A. GABULE _____________________

Member

3. DR. ROGELIO C. GOLEZ JR _____________________

Member

4. DR. MARIA VICTORIA A. UMARAN _____________________

Member

5. ENGR. JUVY MAE I. VINCENT ______________________

Member

Recommending Approval: Approved by:

ENGR. RUEL L. GALLARES ENGR.GENEVIEVE A.GABULE

Department Chairman Dean

The members of the Panel shall guide their advisee from the start until the completion of his/her
study. A regular consultation/visitation is a must in the data gathering stage. Also, the panel
members are entitled of a honoraria based on the approved amount by the administration.