Computer aided design

AUTOCAD
Presentation by Marc Angelo I. Rapal
 What is

CAD?
Computer-Aided Design(CAD) or Computer-Aided Design and Drafting
(CADD) can be defined as using computer systems to assist in the creation,
modification, analysis, or optimization of a design. (Narayan, 2008)

CAD (computer-aided design) is the use of computer-based software to aid

in design processes. CAD software is frequently used by different types of
engineers and designers. CAD software can be used to create two-
dimensional (2-D) drawings or three-dimensional (3-D) models.

CAD software is used to increase the productivity of the designer, improve

the quality of design, improve communications through documentation, and
create a database for manufacturing. (Narayan, 2008)
 What is

AUTOCAD?
AutoCAD is a software application for both 2D and 3D computer-aided
design (CAD) and drafting — available since 1982 as a desktop application

Developed and marketed by Autodesk, Inc., Autocad was first released in

December 1982 — having been purchased a year prior in its original form by
Autodesk founder John Walker.

AutoCAD is used by AEC to generate and optimize 2d and 3d designs,

AutoCAD is widely used software program that can help you draft
construction documentation, explore design ideas and visualize concepts.

Developed and marketed by Autodesk, Inc., Autocad was first released in

December 1982 — having been purchased a year prior in its original form by
Autodesk founder John Walker.
 What is

AUTOCAD?
AutoCAD is a software application for both 2D and 3D computer-aided
design (CAD) and drafting — available since 1982 as a desktop application

Developed and marketed by Autodesk, Inc., Autocad was first released in

December 1982 — having been purchased a year prior in its original form by
Autodesk founder John Walker.

AutoCAD is used by AEC to generate and optimize 2d and 3d designs,

AutoCAD is widely used software program that can help you draft
construction documentation, explore design ideas and visualize concepts.

Developed and marketed by Autodesk, Inc., Autocad was first released in

December 1982 — having been purchased a year prior in its original form by
Autodesk founder John Walker.
 FOUR
CLASIFICATION OF
AUTOCAD
2D CAD
2D drafting and drawing is the process of
creating and editing technical drawings, as well
as annotating designs. Drafters use CAD
software to develop floor plans, building permit
drawings, building inspection plans, and
landscaping layouts.
3D CAD
Three-dimensional computer-aided design, is
technology for design and technical
documentation, which replaces manual
drafting with an automated process. Used by
architects, engineers, and other professionals,
3D CAD software precisely represents and
visualizes objects using a collection of points in
three dimensions on the computer.
3D WIREFRAME &
sURFACE MODELLING
A 3D wireframe model is an edge or skeletal
representation of a real-world object. 3D
wireframe models consist of points, lines, arcs,
circle, and other curves that define the edges or
center lines of objects.
SOLID MODELLING
Solid modeling is the most advanced method
of geometric modeling in three dimensions.
Solid modeling is the representation of the solid
parts of the object on your computer.
 AUTOCAD
Interface
GET STARTED
WINDOW
AUTOCAD MAIN
INTERFACE
Once you click the (start drawing), you will this user interface.

Application menu: New, open, save, import, export, print Browse all of the classic drop-down menus available in AutoCAD, or perform a real-time search of the menus, menu
actions, tooltips, command prompt text strings, and tags. Use the menu browser to browse for recent documents, currently open documents, and commands recently executed
from the menu browser.

Quick access toolbar: User can save tools that they often use Store commands that you frequently access in AutoCAD. By default, you can access New, Open, Save, Plot, Undo, and
Redo from the Quick Access toolbar. Add commands to the Quick Access toolbar using the shortcut menus of all commands on the ribbon, menu browser, and toolbars.

Info Center: Ask a question, find out answers from Autodesk community Search for information through keywords or phrases, display the Communication Center panel for product
updates and announcements, or display the Favorites panel to access saved topics. You can also receive information from RSS feeds to which you subscribe, or feeds published by
your CAD manager.

Ribbon: Main menus – Home, Insert, Annotate, View, Manage

Ribbon tab Maximize the area available for work using a compact interface that contains many of the same tools and controls available in toolbars and dialog boxes. The ribbon
can be displayed horizontally across the top of the drawing window, vertically to the left or right of the drawing window, or as a floating palette.

Ribbon view: User can minimize and maximize the ribbon

File tab: Navigate files and create and open files

Drawing area/graphic area: Main drawing space

View cube: User can change the view, top, front, 3D, or more. Display visual feedback of the current orientation of a model, or adjust a model's viewpoint. Restore the previous view,
or click and drag over the Rewind wedge to scroll through the navigation history to restore a previous view. You can access the ViewCube from the drawing status bar.

Navigation bar: Zoom in and out, pan, zoon to all, and more.

Command box: Can type commands and see the previous commands Execute a command by entering the full command name or command alias at the command prompt and
pressing ENTER or SPACEBAR. When Dynamic Input is on and is set to display dynamic prompts, you can enter many commands in tooltips that are displayed near the cursor.

Layout tab: Can see model space and print spaces

Status bar: Can set grid, snaps, scales, and more View the coordinate values of your cursor, and access several buttons for turning drawing tools on and off, as well as many display
tools used to scale annotations.
AUTOCAD SET TIPS
OPTIONS, UNITS
AND WORKSPACE
OPTIONS
UNITS
INPUT COMMANDS
1. Use icons on Ribbon (BASIC LEVEL)

2. Use the commands box (MODERATE LEVEL)

3. Use Shortcuts (ADVANCED LEVEL)

type [MT] on a keyboard (it can be lower case)

then press enter to execute MULTILINE TEXT
command.
THREE TYPES OF SELECTION
ONE CLICK clicking individual object
THREE TYPES OF SELECTION
WINDOW SELECTION (BLUE) drag/ click from left- top to right bottom to select all objects that are
enclosed in the selection rectangle
THREE TYPES OF SELECTION
CROSS SELECTION (GREEN) drag/ click from right bottom to left to select all objects crossed by
the selection rectangle.
THREE TYPES OF SELECTION
CROSS SELECTION (GREEN) drag/ click from right bottom to left to select all objects crossed by
the selection rectangle.
understanding essential
Drawing Tools
LINE COMMAND
Creates a series of contiguous line segments. Each segments is a line object that can be edited
separately.

The following prompts are displayed.

Specify first point

Sets the starting point for the line. Click a point location. You can also enter coordinates.

Specify next point

Specifies the endpoint of the line segment. You can also use direct distance entry.
 CONTINUATION
LINE COMMAND
Using a Specific Coordinate
If the dynamic input is on: Type the (#) followed by the X-value, then the Y-value, for
example #4,6.
if the dynamic input is off: Type the X- value, a comma, and then the Y-value, for example
8,5
Using Relative Coordinate
A relative coordinate specifies the distance and direction from the previous coordinate.

If the dynamic input is on: Type the X-value, a comma, then the Y-value, for example 4,6
if the dynamic input is off: Type the (@) sign followed by the X-value, a comma, then the
Y-value, for example @4,6
Close
Connects the first and last segments.

Undo
Removes the most recent segment of a line sequence.
POLYLINE COMMAND
Creates a 2d polyline, a single object that is composed of the line and arc segments. A 2d
polyline is a connected sequence of segments created as a single planar object. you can create
straight line segments, arc segments or a combination of the two.

The following prompts are displayed.

Start Point
Sets the starting point for the polyline.
If you specify a second point, you draw line segments.
If you enter (a) (for Arc), you draw arc segments.
ARC- switches from drawing straight segments to drawing arc segments.
LINE - switches from drawing arc segments to drawing straight segments.
HALFWIDTH- specifies the width from the center of a wide polyline line segment to one of its edges.
LENGTH- Draws a line segment of a specified length.
UNDO- Removes the most recent line segment added tot he polyline.
CIRCLE COMMAND
Creates a circle.

The following prompts are displayed.

Center Point
Creates a circle based on a center point and radius or diameter value.
Radius - enter a value or specify a point.
Diameter - enter a value or specify a point.
3P (Three Points) - creates a circle on three points on the circumference.
2P (Two Points) - creates a circle based on two endpoints of the diameter.
TTR (Tangent, Tangent, Radius) - Creates a circle with a specified radius and tangent to two objects.
ARC COMMAND
Creates an arc.

The following prompts are displayed.

Start Point
Draws an arc using three specified points on the arc's circumference. The first point is the start
point.
Second Point - Specify the second point on the circumference of the arc.
Endpoint - Specify the final point on the arc.
Center - Specify the second point (2) is the center of the circle of which the arc is a part.
Endpoint - using the center point (2), draws an arc counterclockwise from the start point (1) to an endpoint that
falls on a imaginary ray drawn from the center point through the third point.
Angle - the distance between the start point and center determines the radius. The other end of the arc is
determined by specifying an included angle that uses the center of the arc as vertex.
Chord Length - Draws either a minor arc based on the distance of a straight line between the start point and
endpoint.
End - Specify the second point (2) is the endpoint of the arc.
RECTANGLE COMMAND
Creates a closed rectangular polyline from the specified parameters such as its diagonal corner
points, dimensions, area, and type of corners.

The following prompts are displayed.

First Corner Points
Specifies a corner points of the rectangle.
Other corner Point - Creates a rectangle using the specified points as diagonally opposite corners.
Area - Creates a rectangle using the area and either length or a width
Dimensions - create a rectangle using a length and width values
Rotation - creates a rectangle at a specified rotation angle.

Chamfer - sets the chamfer distances for the rectangle.

Chamfer means bevel or an angled lines that meets the endpoints of two straight 2d objects.
Elevation - specifies the Z- value for the rectangle. The default is 0.0.
Fillet - specifies the fillet radius of the rectangle.
Thickness - specifies the distance that the sides of the rectangle appear to be extruded. The
default is 0.
Width - specifies the polyline width of the rectangle to be drawn.
POLYGON COMMAND
Creates an equilateral closed polyline. You specify the number of sides of the polygon and whether
it is inscribed or circumscribed.

The following prompts are displayed.

Number of sides
Specifies the number of side in the polygon.
Center of polygon
Specifies the location of the center of the polygon and whether the new object is inscribed or
circumscribed.
Inscribed in circle - specifies the radius of a circle on which all vertices of the polygon lie.
Circumscribed about circle - specifies the distance from the center of the polygon to the
midpoints of the edges of the polygon.
Edge
Defines a polygon by specifying the endpoints of the first edge.
CONSTRUCTION LINE COMMAND (XLINES)
The construction line command creates a line of infinite length which passes through two pick
points. Construction lines are very useful for creating construction frameworks or grids within
which to design.

The following prompts are displayed.

Point
Specifies the location of the infinite using two points through which it passes.
Hor
Creates a horizontal xline passing through a specified point.
Ver
Creates a vertical xline that passes through a specified point.
Ang
Specifies the angle at which to place the line.
Bisect
Creates an xline that passes through the selected angle and bisects the angle between the
first and second line.
Offset
Creates an xline parellel to another object.
OFFSET DISTANCE - Specifies the distance the xline is offset from the selected object.
THROUGH - Creates an xline offset from a line and passing through a specified point.
RAY COMMAND
The ray command creates a linear object that starts at a point and continues to infinity.

The following prompts are displayed.

Specify start point

Specify through point

DONUT COMMAND
This command draws or create a filled circle or a wide ring.

The following prompts are displayed.

Inside Diameter
Specifies the inside diameter of the donut.
Outside Diameter
Specifies the outside diameter of the donut.
Center of donut
Specifies the location of the donut based on its center point. A donut is drawn at each point
specified until you press Enter to end the command.
ELLIPSE COMMAND
Creates an ellipse or an elliptical arc.

The following prompts are displayed.

Axis endpoint
Defines the first axis by its two endpoints. The angle of the first axis determines the angle of the
ellipse. The first axis can be define by either the major or the minor axis of the ellipse.
DISTANCE TO THE OTHER AXIS - defines the second axis using the distance from the midpoint of the other
axis to the endpoint of the second axis.
ROTATION - Creates the ellipse by appearing to rotate a circle about the first axis.

Center
Creates an ellipse using a center point, the endpoint of the first axis, and the length of the second
axis. You can specify the distances by clicking a location at the desired distance or by entering a
value for the length.
Isocircle
Specifies the location of the donut based on its center point. A donut is drawn at each point
specified until you press Enter to end the command.
REGION COMMAND
Convert objects that enclose an area into a 2d region object.

The following prompts are displayed.

Select Objects
Identifies object to region.

POINT COMMAND
Creates a point object.

The following prompts are displayed.

Specify a point
Specifies the location of the point object.
MEASURE COMMAND
Creates point objects or blocks at measured intervals along the length or perimeter of an object

Use DDPTYPE to set the style and size of all point objects in a drawing.

DIVIDE COMMAND
Creates evenly spaced point objects or blocks along the length or perimeter of an object.

The following prompts are displayed.

Specify a point
Specifies the location of the point object.