0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.

40
SENSIBLE HEAT RATIO = Qs / Qt
55 60

200 1.3
50
90

190 0.45
85
85

15.0
1.2
180
45
PSYCHROMETRIC CHART FOR HVAC ANALYSIS (at sea level)
170
0.50 1.1
Air–Conditioning Formulas and Conversion Factors 85
W
Atmospheric pressure = 29.921" Hg. at sea level Total cooling (Btu/hr) = CFM x 4.5 x Δh ET 160
80 BU
LB 80
1 BTU = Amount of heat required to raise (or lower) Sensible cooling (Btu/hr) = CFM x 1.085 x Δt 40
TE 1
the temperature of one pound of water 1°F M 150 60
Latent cooling (Btu/hr) = CFM x 4840 x Δw PE 0.55
RA
1 ton of refrigeration = 12,000 Btu/hr = 200 Btu/min TU

AIR
CFM = airflow rate (ft 3/min) RE
1 watt = 3.414 Btu/hr h = enthalpy (Btu/lb) -° 140

Y
80 F

DR
t = dry bulb air temperature (°F) .9

h, ENTHALPY - BTU PER POUND OF DRY AIR

1 horsepower = 2545.6 Btu/hr 75 0.60

OF
35

VAPOR PRESSURE - INCHES OF MERCURY

w = humidity ratio (lb water / lb dry air) 75
130

D
1 ft (head) = 0.433 psi (at 62°F)

UN
Fan Laws

DEW POINT TEMPERATURE - °F

O
1 boiler horsepower = 33,475 Btu/hr CFM2 = CFM1 x (RPM2 / RPM1) .8

RP
120 0.65 55
SP2 = SP1 x (RPM2 / RPM1)2

PE
Air changes per hour (N) in a space
HP2 = HP1 x (RPM2 / RPM1)3 75

TU
N = (60 x CFM) / space ft 3 70
30 110 70

-B
CFM = airflow rate (ft 3/min) 0.70
1 = initial; 2 = desired

w, HUMIDITY RATIO - GRAINS OF MOISTURE PER POUND OF DRY AIR

PY
Water quantity (GPM) required for heating and cooling .7

AL
GPM = q / (500 x Δt) 100

TH
0.75
q = load in Btu/hr

EN
65 70
t = water temperature 65

h,
90 0.80 .6
Chiller capacity (Tons) 25 50

%
25
Tons = (GPM x Δt) / 24 0.85

14.0 V
GPM = gallons per minute of chilled water 60 80

%
65 60

90
t = water temperature 0.90 .5

OLU
70 0.95

ME-
80
20 55
GPM x ft head x 60 55 1.00

CU.F
Pump hp = specific gravity

%
3960 x efficiency 60 .4

70

SENSIBLE HEAT RATIO = Qs / Qt

45

T. PE
50 %
0 50
565 %
15 50

R LB
CFM x static pressure (in. W.G.) density of air 15
Fan hp = x
6356 x efficiency density of standard air 45 .3
% 45

. DRY
50 50
40
10 40 ITY
MID 40

AIR
% U
45 40 EH
35 A TIV
REL 30 35 .2
40 8%
30 30%
13.0

5 40
30
35
25 6% 20 25
20 30 20%
15 25 Y 4% 20 .1
0 IT
10 ATIV E HUMID
5 15
20 10% REL 10 10
-5 0 10 2%
0
12.0

5
0
-10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130
35
t, DRY BULB TEMPERATURE - °F

0 5 10 15 20 25 30