Factorising Expressions (H)

Edexcel Maths GCSE - Factorising Expressions (H) PhysicsAndMathsTutor.
com
Q1. (a) Expand and simplify (y + 2)(y + 3)
....................................
(2)
(b) Simplify
....................................
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Q2. (a) Expand and simplify 2(x + 3) + 3(x + 6)
....................................
(2)
(b) Factorise completely 3y2 – 12y
....................................
(2)
Page 1
Edexcel Maths GCSE - Factorising Expressions (H) PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
(c) Factorise t2 – 16
....................................
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
Q3. (a) Factorise x2 – y2.
..................................
(1)
Hence, or otherwise,
(b) factorise (x + 1)2 – (y + 1)2.
..................................
(2)
Page 2
(Total 3 marks)
Q4. (a) Factorise fully 20w2y + 24wy3
.........................
(2)
(b) Factorise m2 + 3m – 40
.........................
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Q5. (a) Factorise fully 6x2 + 9xy
..................................
(2)
(b) Expand and simplify (2x + 5)(x – 2)
Page 3
..................................
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Q6. (a) Factorise fully 4x2 – 6xy
.....................................
(2)
(b) Factorise x + 5x – 6
2
.....................................
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Q7. Simplify
Page 4
.....................................
(Total 3 marks)
Q8. (a) Simplify
(i) a ÷a
5 3
.....................................
(ii) 2x2 × 3x2y2
.....................................
(3)
(b) Expand and simplify (x + 3)(x + 7)
.....................................
(2)
(c) Factorise fully 3pq – 12p2
Page 5
.....................................
(2)
(d) (i) Factorise 3y2 – 10y + 3
.....................................
Hence, or otherwise
(ii) Factorise 3(x + 2)2 – 10(x + 2) + 3
.....................................
(4)
(Total 11 marks)
Page 6
M1.
Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance
(a) y + 3y + 2y + 6
2
y + 5y + 6
2 2 M1 for 3 terms out of y2, 3y, 2y, 6
or y2 + 5y (+ c) or (dy2 +)5y + 6
A1 for y2 + 5y + 6
(b) 2 M1 for (x ± 2)(x ± 5)

A1 cao
Total for Question: 4 marks
M2.
(a) 2x + 6 + 3x + 18 5x + 24 2 M1 for 2 × x + 2 × 3 or for 3 × x + 3 × 6

A1 for 5x + 24 cao
(b) 3y(y – 4) 2 M1 for 3y(ay – b) or for 3(ay2 – by) or for

y(3y – 12)
A1 for 3y(y – 4) cao
(c) (t – 4)(t + 4) 1 B1 for (t – 4)(t + 4) oe
Page 7
M3.
(a) (x + y)(x – y) 1 B1 cao
(b) ((x + 1) – (y + 1)) × (x – y)(x + y + 2) 2 M1 for attempt to replace x by

((x + 1) + (y + 1)) (x + 1) and y by (y + 1)
A1 cao
x + 2x + 1 – (y + 2y + 1)
2 2
= x – y + 2x – 2y
2 2 Alternative
M1 for expanding both brackets to
= (x – y)(x + y) + 2(x – y)
get x2 + 2x + 1 and y2 + 2y + 1
A1 cao
M4.
Answer Mark Additional Guidance
(a) 4wy(5w + 6y2) 2 M1 for a correct factor taken outside the brackets
Or 4wy(a 2 term expression in w and y, with just
one error)
A1 cao
(b) (m + 8)(m – 5) 2 M1 for (m ± 8)(m ± 5)
A1 cao
Page 8
M5.
(a) 3x(2x + 3y) 2 B2 for fully correct (accept (3x – 0)(2x + 3y)
(B1 for x(6x + 9y) or 3(2x2 + 3xy) or
3x(a linear expression in x and y)
(b) 2x2 – 4x + 5x – 10 2x2 + x – 10 2 B2 for 2x2 + x – 10

(B1 for 3 out of 4 terms correct, with correct
signs, or the 4 terms 2x2, 4x, 5x and 10 seen,
ignoring signs)
M6.
(a) 2x(2x – 3y) 2 B2

(B1 for x(4x – 6y) or 2(2x2 – 3xy) or 2x (two
terms) or 4x(x – 1.5y))
(b) x2 – x + 6x – 6 = (x + 6)(x – 1) 2 B2 cao

x(x – 1) + 6(x – 1) (B1 (x – 6)(x + 1) or (x – 6)(x – 1) or
x(x – 1) + 6(x – 1) or x(x + 6) – (x + 6))
M7.
Page 9
3 B1
B1
Page 10
Page 11
M8.
(a) a2 3 B1 cao
6x4y3 B2 6x4y3
(B1 for 2 out of 3 terms correct in a

product)
(b) x2 + 3x + 7x + 21 x2 + 10x + 21 2 M1 3 or 4 terms out of 4 correct in

a 4 term expansion
A1 cao
(c) 3p(q − 4p) 2 B2 cao
(B1 p(3q − 12p), 12p( q − p),

p(aq + bp) where a and b are
numbers)
(d)(i) (3(x + 2) –1)(x + 2 – 3) (3y – 1)(y – 3) 4 B2 cao

(B1 (3y − m)(y − n) where
mn = ±3 or m + n = ±10
(ii) OR (3x + 5)(x – 1) M1 use of the factorised form with

y replaced twice by 3x + 2
3x2 + 12x + 12 – 10x –20 + 3
A1 cao
OR
= 3x2 + 2x – 5
B1 3x2 + 2x – 5
B1 cao
Page 12
Page 13
E1. A variety of methods were used by candidates when answering the first part of the
question. Almost 80% of answers seen gained at least one mark for writing down 3 or
more correct terms in the expansion. A common error from those who did not score full
marks for this part of the question was to add rather than multiply the constant terms. In
part (b) partial credit was given to candidates who made a good attempt at factorising the
denominator of the fraction. Some candidates multiplied out the numerator and tried to
factorise the denominator (sometimes successfully) and hence failed to simplify the
fraction. Clearly, for some candidates this material was unfamiliar territory. About one
quarter of candidates completed this part successfully.
E2. This question was poorly answered overall. Part (a) was the most successful with
almost all candidates gaining at least one mark for multiplying out one of the brackets.
About a third of the candidates gained a mark in (b) for a partial factorisation of the
expression but fully correct solutions were rare. In part (c) only about 10% of candidates
gave the correct answer for the factorisation of the difference of two squares.
E3. This question was poorly answered with 62% of candidates gaining no marks at all.
Only 0.4% of candidates gained all three marks for a fully correct solution with 25%
gaining one mark either for multiplying out both (x + 1)² and (y + 1)² correctly or for
correctly factorising x² – y².
The remaining 13% of candidates gained two marks, usually for obtaining the correct
answer to (a) and squaring the two brackets in (b). Very few candidates linked the two
parts of the question and the hint in the question of “Hence” was ignored by all but the
most able candidates. Here again presentation of clear logical steps was often sadly
lacking with candidates work arranged often in random order.
##
Page 14
Candidates found part (a) quite challenging. There were a variety of partially factorised answers
were given along with some which had correctly identified the 4wy factor but incorrectly dealt
one of the terms inside the bracket. In both these cases a single mark was awarded.
In part (b) the incorrect answer m(m + 3) + 40 was often seen. A few used 2 pairs of brackets
but the wrong factor pair, typically 4 and 10 but a mark was awarded where the only error was
with signs giving (m-8)(m+5). Candidates could be encouraged to multiply out their brackets as
a final check – there was little evidence of this taking place.
E5. Many candidates failed to factorise the given expression fully and answers of 3(2x2 +
3xy), and x(6x + 9y) were common. Some candidates, understanding something of the
concept of factorisation, took 6 or 6x as a common factor giving answers of 6x(x + 1.5y) or
6x(x + 9y). These gained no marks.
In part (b), sign errors often resulted in candidates losing one of the two marks. The most
common incorrect answers were 2x2 + 9x ± 10 and 2x2 + x ± 7 (or ±3), usually after one
mark had been awarded. A significant number of candidates had no idea how to expand
the brackets giving answers of for example, 2x2 ± 10
E6. It is encouraging that many candidates were able to recognise different types of
factorisation and distinguish between the type involving common factors and the type
which needs two brackets.
The majority of candidates demonstrated knowledge of factorisation in part (a) although a

number did not fully factorise the expression.
Partial factorisations such as 2(2x2 – 3xy) and x(4x – 6y) were quite common. Some
candidates identified 2x as the common factor but made a mistake inside the brackets,
e.g. writing 2x(x – 3y). In part (b) many candidates attempted to factorise into two
brackets, although a large proportion did not find two numbers which both multiplied to
give –6 and added to give +5. Many found numbers which satisfied one condition or the
other, but not both, e.g. 2 and 3.
Page 15

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Edexcel Maths GCSE - Factorising Expressions (H) PhysicsAndMathsTutor.

Q1. (a) Expand and simplify (y + 2)(y + 3)

Q2. (a) Expand and simplify 2(x + 3) + 3(x + 6)

(b) Factorise completely 3y2 – 12y

Q3. (a) Factorise x2 – y2.

(b) factorise (x + 1)2 – (y + 1)2.

Q4. (a) Factorise fully 20w2y + 24wy3

Q5. (a) Factorise fully 6x2 + 9xy

(b) Expand and simplify (2x + 5)(x – 2)

Q6. (a) Factorise fully 4x2 – 6xy

Q8. (a) Simplify

(ii) 2x2 × 3x2y2

(b) Expand and simplify (x + 3)(x + 7)

(c) Factorise fully 3pq – 12p2

(d) (i) Factorise 3y2 – 10y + 3

(ii) Factorise 3(x + 2)2 – 10(x + 2) + 3

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(b) 2 M1 for (x ± 2)(x ± 5)

Total for Question: 4 marks

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(a) 2x + 6 + 3x + 18 5x + 24 2 M1 for 2 × x + 2 × 3 or for 3 × x + 3 × 6

(b) 3y(y – 4) 2 M1 for 3y(ay – b) or for 3(ay2 – by) or for

(c) (t – 4)(t + 4) 1 B1 for (t – 4)(t + 4) oe

Total for Question: 5 marks

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(a) (x + y)(x – y) 1 B1 cao

(b) ((x + 1) – (y + 1)) × (x – y)(x + y + 2) 2 M1 for attempt to replace x by

Total for Question: 3 marks

Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(b) (m + 8)(m – 5) 2 M1 for (m ± 8)(m ± 5)

Total for Question: 4 marks

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(b) 2x2 – 4x + 5x – 10 2x2 + x – 10 2 B2 for 2x2 + x – 10

Total for Question: 4 marks

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(a) 2x(2x – 3y) 2 B2

(b) x2 – x + 6x – 6 = (x + 6)(x – 1) 2 B2 cao

Total for Question: 4 marks

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

Total for Question: 3 marks

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(B1 for 2 out of 3 terms correct in a

(b) x2 + 3x + 7x + 21 x2 + 10x + 21 2 M1 3 or 4 terms out of 4 correct in

(c) 3p(q − 4p) 2 B2 cao

(B1 p(3q − 12p), 12p( q − p),

(d)(i) (3(x + 2) –1)(x + 2 – 3) (3y – 1)(y – 3) 4 B2 cao

(ii) OR (3x + 5)(x – 1) M1 use of the factorised form with

Total for Question: 11 marks

The majority of candidates demonstrated knowledge of factorisation in part (a) although a

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