Arithmetic :

Geometric
.x(u)
:

Product Rule :
x1ur) = v + u
.x(w) an
=

9 ,
+ (n-1)d an =
G ,
-

<11-r) alr-1)
raxcus-u . cus Sn or If r = 1
x(4)
=

Quotient Sn =(2a (n -1)d) r-1

1
Rule
= =
+
-
r
:
v2
=

na if r =
1
an a
Chain Rule :
B :
I n =

, +

1
So
=

In if -1 rc

Iseries convergel
If is If tangent is parallel y-axis
:
to
tangent parallel to x-axis :

y
↑ I if
re-1 or vx, I
y Y 0

9 18
=

=
-

y I series diverge)
=
0
x

- =

=
&
Binomial
d = O
-Y !
(2)
0
n
=

>X
riIn-us !
>X

4 +
a) =

1 + a +

hin , "a2+ ninn-2) + ...

Local maximum : Local minimum

>Generalised Binomial Theorem
f(x)
=

0
1 - 1 xa < 1)
d ! is f(x) <0
f(x) >0

f Telescoping Series
a
+it b
x) >O )<0

"Car-Ar - ) OR Cartare)
Saddle point :
r =
m

canbesummededijact
~ W
f(x) >0 f(x)<0
will be fot
0
f(x) cancelled
=

f(x)
=
0

I
f(x) >0 f(x) <0

Linear Approximation
Er E Er I

>X >X >X >X

- -
increasing function Decreasing function
> O
check intervals where fix) is
increasing/decreasing
f(x) =

24 3x2- 36x+ 11
+ f(x) (1)( (2 ) -
-

(( + )( )
-

(-)[(t)

f'(X) >0 f(x) < 0 f((x) >0

f(x)
7 7
f(x) =

6x +
6x -

36
=

(x 2(x 3)
-
+

-
1
number [3 choose a number Choose numbe
.

choole a a
btw -> & 2
>2
3 2

- 0
cos x dX
T
E

-I cos x &A

cosx ax
Area =
/cos x ax +
1)

I A =

(ag(x) -

f(x) dX
ECTORS
under x-axis ... integral
( , f(x)
-
ve
B
=

g(x)dX
OA
-

a =
la 1 =
x +

y
+
z
,

v=1xxas)x↓is
= y
x 0 ,
same direction

vol .
dX & // , magnitude
: /xIIal x <O
, OPP direction

protates about it A ,
B, C are collinear ! AB = A Ac

Scalar Product !
-

Area
=

/, gly) dy Area =1 , 921y)-9 1y) dy v =

/xy- a) dx Unit rector

=

111q 0
XaXb+YaYb+2aZb
, =

a
1 9 b .
=
191(b) cosO
(Xaxx+YaYb zazc)
+

IO >
cosO =

I =

xa+Ya'+2a" x5* +

Ys +

25
b
Vector Product >
(Ya2-2aYb)1-(Xa2p-2aXs) I +IXaYs-YaY
=

Xb
q x b =
q b sinO

qx
=

a & sing =
0

A
Vector EqA

I
CA cB
Lo
Area ABC =
!
x
↓ =

h =>

!axb +

exa
+

bx > A

B 2
h =
CA x

CB
cB
-
& xb +

2 xa

b- 2
+

1x
parametric equ
:

(ii
W. =

a -

AP
xP
r a ↓ A aX
by d
- +
=

zz
+
- .
=
=

Apn
A sy =
0
(2) (2) :

=
d
X Op = O A 1

A 4x I
=

~A2
r d
7
↳ btw line & plane

Normal Vectors :

~ c sinc= = cosx

*
O

jxx coso in
=

104
al 0 +
X = 90 n
COS&
=

A
O
Sinc =

A
(x /
B
A

1 1, 0
Intersection of 2 planes
x

~F
=

0
UX1
=

,
-2
11

*
-

in 11
-I

i
T2

U =
1 , x A2

↓ =
a +

x(1 x x2) ,

x Y
y
=

e
x3

in
x
=

y
=

3
:

y: x
y
=

y Anx
=

ex
>X

y =