GIVING

EXAMPLES
 Social Function of Giving Examples
a) To support arguments in situations such as presentations, debates, and academic writing.
b) To give clarification.
c) To make information clearer.

Structures of Giving Examples (for example, for instance, such as, e.g.)
Phrases of giving example can be placed in the beginning, in the middle, and in the end of sentence
before the list.

a. An initial phrase
A clause ending in a period or a semicolon comes before the introductory clause. Place a comma
after the introductory phrase for example.
...; for example, (list) For example, (sentence) For instance, (sentence)

Example:
 I have read many books; for example, the novels, the comics, and the magazines.
 My brother likes doing sports in different gymnasium. For example, yesterday he went to a
gymnasium in another town.

The phrase ‘such as’ cannot beused asinitial phrase to give example.

b. A mid-sentence comment
Structure:
..., for example, ... ..., such as ...

Example:
Swimming, for example, has alot of benefits for our body.
c. A non-identifying detail
Structure:
..., for example, ... ..., for instance, ... ... such as ... ..., such as ...

Examples:
 Fruits, for example, oranges contain vitamin C.
 Some school subjects, such as English need a big effort to learn.
 Fiction books, for instance, novels are interesting to read.
 Tourist destinations such as Bali and Raja Ampat are very popular for foreigners.
d. An added afterthought

..., for example, ... ...; for example, ... ..., such as ... ... such as ...
(non-restrictive) (restrictive)

Examples:
 I like reading fiction books, for example, novels, short story, and comics.
 I like reading fiction books; for example, novels, short story, and comics.
 In this forest, you’ll see many types of coniferous trees, such as pine and spruce.
(There are many other coniferous trees.)
 Such as is used to provide specific examples of something you’re talking about. If the specific
examples aren’t essential to the meaning of the sentence, then a comma is used before such as
and after your example to set off the non-restrictive clause.
Example:
Each will have their own small room, with a sleeping cot and desk, and will eat food such as
powdered cheese and canned tuna.

e. A list of item

The abbreviation e.g. stands for exempli gratia and means “for example”. It is usually used in
technical writing.
Example:
Life events (e.g., birth, marriage, and death) enable you to make changes toyour health care plans.

Language Features of Giving Examples

Two common expressions for introducing examples are for example and such as.
 For example
It can introduce a sentence. It can also introduce a noun or a list of nouns but only if the noun
or list of nouns is part of a sentence.
 For example, restaurants must provide accessible restrooms.
 A good school can provide many kinds of rooms, for example, laboratory, library, and
auditorium.
 Such as
It can introduce a noun or list of nouns but only if the noun or list of nouns is part of a sentence.
However, it cannot introduce a sentence.
 A good school can provide many kinds of rooms, such as laboratory, library, and
auditorium.

PAY ATTENTION WITH THE USE OF COMMA (,) IN USING PHRASES OF GIVING EXAMPLES!!!

Additional Info
The differences between e.g. and i.e:

 The phrase ‘e.g.’ is the abbreviation which refers to list examples. It derives from the Latin
phrase exempli gratia, which means ‘for example’.
 The phrase ‘i.e’ is an abbreviation which refers to clarify a preceeding statement.it derives from
the Latin phrase id est, which means ‘that is’.
Dialogue