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Aops Community 2021 Balkan Mo

This document contains 4 math problems proposed for the 2021 Balkan Mathematical Olympiad: 1. A problem involving a triangle ABC where points X and Y vary on a circle and the line XY passes through a fixed point. 2. A problem to find all functions f(x) such that f(x + f(x) + f(y)) = 2f(x) + y for all positive reals x and y. 3. A problem involving positive integers a, b, c satisfying an equation and proving a composite number if |a - b| is prime. 4. A problem about a warehouse with piles of rubbish that are cleared each morning by Angel but added to each

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Jirayus Jinapong
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4K views1 page

Aops Community 2021 Balkan Mo

This document contains 4 math problems proposed for the 2021 Balkan Mathematical Olympiad: 1. A problem involving a triangle ABC where points X and Y vary on a circle and the line XY passes through a fixed point. 2. A problem to find all functions f(x) such that f(x + f(x) + f(y)) = 2f(x) + y for all positive reals x and y. 3. A problem involving positive integers a, b, c satisfying an equation and proving a composite number if |a - b| is prime. 4. A problem about a warehouse with piles of rubbish that are cleared each morning by Angel but added to each

Uploaded by

Jirayus Jinapong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AoPS Community 2021 Balkan MO

Balkan MO 2021
www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c2461086
by VicKmath7, jhu08

1 Let ABC be a triangle with AB < AC. Let ω be a circle passing through B, C and assume that
A is inside ω. Suppose X, Y lie on ω such that ∠BXA = ∠AY C. Suppose also that X and C lie
on opposite sides of the line AB and that Y and B lie on opposite sides of the line AC. Show
that, as X, Y vary on ω, the line XY passes through a fixed point.
Proposed by Aaron Thomas, UK

2 Find all functions f : R+ → R+ , such that f (x + f (x) + f (y)) = 2f (x) + y for all positive reals
x, y.
Proposed by Athanasios Kontogeorgis, Greece

3 Let a, b and c be positive integers satisfying the equation (a, b) + [a, b] = 2021c . If |a − b| is a
prime number, prove that the number (a + b)2 + 4 is composite.
Proposed by Serbia

4 Problem 4. Angel has a warehouse, which initially contains 100 piles of 100 pieces of rubbish
each. Each morning, Angel performs exactly one of the following moves:
(a) He clears every piece of rubbish from a single pile.
(b) He clears one piece of rubbish from each pile.
However, every evening, a demon sneaks into the warehouse and performs exactly one of the
following moves:
(a) He adds one piece of rubbish to each non-empty pile.
(b) He creates a new pile with one piece of rubbish.
What is the first morning when Angel can guarantee to have cleared all the rubbish from the
warehouse?

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