Linear Equations What will you learn? + LinearEquationsin OneVariable + LinearEquationsin Two Variables + SimultaneousLinearEquationsin TwoVariables Various problems which involve daily situations can be solved by interpreting the information in a mathematical sentence expressed in the form of linear equations. Discuss with your teacher the situations or other fields that involve solution of linear equations. 21st century learning is one of the implementations in the Malaysia Education Blueprint (PPPM) 2013 - 2025. In the 21st century classroom, the students are arranged in groups to enable them to hold discussions and carry out various activities. For example, a class consisting 30 students is needed to be arranged in groups to achieve the goalsIt is given that the number of boys in the class is 6 more than the number of girls. How do you determine the number of groups that can be formed such that each group has 2 girls? Diophantusof Alexandria Diophantus of Alexandria was a Greek mathematician who contributed significantly to the knowledge of solving algebraic equations. He was known as the Father of Algebra For more information Sigee) ee http://go0.g/9A0B9 «trial and improvement * equality “numericalvaiue * working backwards! backtracking * variable * substitution * elimination + solution * linear equation + simultaneouslinear equations *root of an equation $} QPenthe folderdownloadectrompagevi for the audio of WordLinkpeep 6.1 LinearEquationsin One Variable' wry am © whatare linear equationsin one variable? eecuaeay equationsin one _ variableand describe 1 % ‘the characteristicsof wo S * Pee the equations. Diagram(a) Diagram\b) Note that the amount of money in Diagram (a) is equal to the amount of money in Diagram (b). This situation can be written as: Amount of money _ Amount of money in Diagram (a) in Diagram (b) The symbol ‘=" is used to show the relationship between two quantities that have the same value. The mathematical sentence that involves equality is known as equation. For example, x +2 =$5 and y—7=11 Exploration Activity = Aim: To identify algebraic expressions and equations. 1. Observe the mathematical sentences written on the cards in the diagram below. 2. Classify the mathematical sentences into expressions and equations. Copy and complete the circle map below. silo 3. Compare your answers with those of your friends.Look at the following equations obtained from the results of i ° These equations are known as power of the variables is one the Among the linear equations, it is found that the following equations have only one variable and the power of the variable is one uations are known as| linéar equations in Powerof xis 1 v ts 8 Onevariable Equality Sze Explain whether each of the following equations is a linear equation in one variable: (a) 3x+2=5 (b) p-4q=6 ( 2K-=* (@) yy +3y=1 ‘Solution (a) Yes, because the equation has one variable, x and the power of xis 1. (b) No, because the equation has two variables, p and q. Communication & Corner Discusswhy k*+ 1=6is anon-linearequation. now Thecharacteristicsof a linear equation in one variable + Hasonly one variable + Thepower of the variableisone or Discusswhether eachot the following equations isalinearequationin ‘one variable (a) 9 oO (0) $+2=6 (0) 4x-1)=9 (©) Yes, because the equation has one variable, k and the power of k is | (d) No, because the highest power of the variable y is 2. Md 1. Explain whether each of the following equations is a linear equation in one variable: (a) m+5=12 — (b) 39-2)=-7_— (©) 9x + 8y=10 (d) R-Sk=4 Linear EquationsQe Co How do you form linear equationsbasedona given situationand vice-vers@ Form a linear equation in one variable for each of the following: (a) Subtract 8 from a number, its remainder is 2. (b) Peck Chin bought five pens which cost y sen each and an exercise book which costs RM3. The total amount that she paid was RM7. Solution (a) Let the number be x. x-8=2 (b) The price of five pens = 5 x y =5y Sy +300 = 700 >a Formlinear equationsin one variablebasedon a statementor a situation, and vice-versa. + Eachterm in alinear equation must have the sameunit. + Itisunnecessary to write the unit while forming linear equations, Write a statement or situation for each of the following equations. (a) 2x+5=19, where x is a number. (b) y—2=8, where y is the age of Rajes now. Solution (a) Twice a number added to 5, the result is 19. (b) Rajes was 8 years old 2 years ago. Self Practic 1. Form a linear equation in one variable for each of the following: (a) The quotient of a number and 6 is 12. (b) The price of chicken is RMy per kilogram. Rozita bought 5 kg of chicken and made a total payment of RM40. (c) The perimeter of a rectangle with length 2x em and width 5 m is 14 m, 2. Write a statement or situation for each of the following equations: (a) p—1=6, where p is a number. (b) x + 10 = 78, where x is Edri’s score in a test. (©) 4m = 50, where m is the mass, in kg, of a pack of riceCo How do you solvelinear equationsin one variable? Two blocks with mass of 6 kg and x kg respectively are placed on the scales as shown in the diagram. The reading shown by the scales is equal to the total mass of both the blocks. Therefore, the linear equation formed is x + 6 = 10. If we replace the x kg block with a block of a mass of 4 kg, the reading on the scales is equal to 10 kg. This shows that 4 is a numerical value that satisfies the equation x + 6 = 10. This numerical value is known as the solution of the equation x + 6 = 10. The solution of linear equation is the numerical value that satisfies the equation. The linear equation in one variable can be solved by using three methods as follows: (a) Trial and improvement method (b) Application of equality concept (©) Backtracking method Se Solve the linear equation 2x + 1 = 7 by using (a) trial and improvement method (b) application of equality concept method 2 2Q)+1= 57, the value 5 is close to 7. > aan Solvelinear equationsin ‘one variable. okg [| te oo Substitute x with a value ‘greater than 2. Thus, x = 3 Linearequation in one variable hasonly one solution. Linear Equations(b) Application of equ: ity concept det 1-1 =7-1 Zw Ina linear equation, the valueon the left hand sideis alwaysequalto the valueon the right hand side. Thereforethe mathematicaloperations performedon both sides of the linear equation must be the same in order to obey the equality concept. Backtracking method w+ Let the initial value = x and the final value = 7. gut Orr, List the mathematical operations starting from the value] Thebacktrackingmethod of x to become 7. usesworking backwards strategyand usuallyis x—> x2 —> +1 —=7 usedto solveproblems that have known final By using backtracking method, we have to consider the | __ valuebut the initial value reverse operation so that 7 can become the value of x. isunknown. x<— +2 <—-1<—=7 So the value of x can be determined by writing Inthe backtrackingmethod, the order of mathematical Iebaccre none ted operationsis very important. appropriate for solving all he linear equations? Discuss.Solve the following equations: 2x +13 Ons =7 (b) S@v—4) =x +16 Solution 2x +13 5 2x+13 =35 2x =22 2x =_22. < Divideboth sidesby 2. 2 2 x=ll KN (b) Sir 4) =x + 16 Sx-20 +20 =x+16 +20 <_ Add 20to both sides. Sx =x +36 Subtract xfrom both +36 — 36 =x sidesof the equation. <— Divide both sidesby 4. (a) Sx =x 1. Solve the following linear equations: (a) x-10=3 (b) 4x—1 7 (@ *48-9 3 (©) 3@+2)=5y Think ASmart Canyou solvethe ‘equation 3(2x+3) = 6x+ 9? Explain Checkyour answerby ‘substituting the value of the variableobtained into the equation and then test whether the valueon the left hand sideis equalto the value on the right hand side. oo Visithttp://goo.gl/ nBSSqfor the game about solving linear equationsin one variable. 2435 67375 () Fr-dexel Linear EquationsCo How do you solveproblems? SNS Areucarion BOHB After 10 years, Jalil’s age will be thrice his age this year. What is Jalil’s age? Solution Understanding the problem After 10 years, Jalil’s age is thrice his age this year. Devising a plan Let Jalil’s current age = x years old After 10 years, Jalil’s age = 3 xx 3x Linear equation in one variable that can be formed is x+10= 3x. Implementing the strategy x+10=3x x+10 -x=3x -x 10 = 2x 10. -_2e 2 2 5 Jalil is 5 years old. Doing reflection When x = 5, 5 + 10 = 3(5) = >a Solveprobler involving linear equationsin one variable. Thestepsto solve problems involving linearequationsin one variable: Identify the variable in the problem and representthe variable with aletter. ¥ Forma linear equation basedon the information given. ¥ Solvethe equation to find the valueof the variable. Think 4Smart Thesum of three consecutiveodd numbersis 63.What arethe numbers? 1, Ina mathematics test, Azmah scored 17 marks more than Yazid while Suzana’s score is twice of Yazid’s score. If their total score is 161, what is Azmah’s score? 2. The diagram shows a rectangle. If the perimeter of the rectangle is 66 cm, what is the area of the rectangle? (2x+ 1m (+5) emUIx=IIeni»> % Openthe folderdownloadedtrom pagevilfor extra questionsof MasteryQ6. 1. 1. Write the linear equation in one variable for each of the given situations: (a) The difference between x and 8 is 15, where x is greater than 8. (b) The price of an exercise book is thrice the price of a pen. Yahya buys 2 exercise books and 8 pens and makes a total payment of RM42. <= (c) Harjit’s age is p years old. He was born when his mother was 34 years old. Now, his mother’s age is thrice his age. 2. Solve the following equations using the trial and improvement method: (a) x- 6=10 (b) 2v+3=11 (©) 14-3x=8 3. Solve the following equations by applying the equality concept Q (a) Sx+1=3x (b) 2y-4=5y+8 (©) 3x-9=7 5 5 4, Solve the following equations using the backtracking method: (a) 3x+2=12 (b) 20+ 4) = 22 My S=4 5. There are 35 students participating in a community activity to clean up their school. The number of girls who participated is 5 less than the number of boys. How many boys participated in the activity? 6. The time spent by Nadia to answer the geography quiz is 30 minutes more than the & time spent to answer the history quiz. The time spent to answer the history quiz is half the time spent to answer the geography quiz. What is the total time that Nadia took to answer both quizzes? xm yn Small table 2m = Large table aE Ee BS Be fom Se The diagram shows the plan for the arrangement of tables in a room. The distance between the tables is 1.5 m and the distance between the tables and the wall is 2 m. Determine the surface areas of a small table and a large table. Linear Equations,Qe 6.2 LinearEquationsin Two Variables Co Whatare linear equationsin two variables? aa) Look at the following linear equations obtained from the Identify linear results in Exploration Activity 1. equationsin two variablesand describe the characteristicof 6p + 4q=9 the equations. These linear equations have two variables and the power of each variable is 1. These equations are known as linear equations in two variables. Linear equation in two variables is a linear equation that has two variables and the} power of each variable is one. Linear equation in two variables can be written in the general form of ax + by =e where a and b are non-zero. Which of the following linear equations in two variables is written in the general form? 6p +4q=9 x-Ba7 3h-1=5k Explain whether the following equations are linear equations —_iscusawhy xy+ 2y=3 in two variables: reco 3p-q=6 b) Te + Sy=9 xy” @) 3-4 ®) » not linear equations (c) 2(k + 8) = 5k dd 6t 4=-2x in two variables Solution (a) Yes, because the equation has two variables, p and q, and the power of each variable is 1 (b) No, because the power of variable x is 2. (©) No, because the equation has only one variable. (d) Yes, because the equation has two variables, x and y, and the power of each variable is 1. eee 1. Explain whether the following equations are linear equations in two variables: (a) h-7Tk=6 (b) 3m +5=9m—1 () -8=4y (d) p(p + 3) =2¢Co How do you form linear equationsin two variables? Example 7 wa the ollowine Formlinear equati le following: two variablesbasedon a (a) The difference between two numbers is 18 statementor asituation, (b) The amount of pocket money saved by Ahmad is and vice-versa. RMx and the amount of pocket money saved by Norita is RMy. Their total savings is RM600. () Abus and a van can accommodate m and n passengers respectively. The total number of passengers for two buses and five vans is 100. Solution (a) Let the two numbers be p and q respectively. p-q=i8 (b) Total savings = 600 (©) Total number of passengers xt Soe Write the situation for each of the following linear equations in two variables. (a) p —q = 6, where p and q represent the number of boys and the number of girls respectively who participated in an expedition held during the last school holidays. (b) 4x + Sy = 35, where x and y represent the price, in RM, of a plate of nasi lemak and a plate of fried noodles respectively. Solution (a) In an expedition held during the last school holidays, the number of boys is 6 more than the number of girls. 600 2m + Sn (b) The total price for 4 plates of nasi lemak and 5 plates of fried noodles is RM35. 1. Form a linear equation in two variables for each of the following: (a) Ina long jump event, the total points obtained by Satria team and Perdana team were 258. (b) The difference between the largest angle and the smallest angle in a triangle is 15°. (©). The total price of tickets for a water theme park for eight adults and five children is RM265. (d) The total marks for a test paper which consists of Section A and Section B is 40. Each correct answer in Section A and Section B contributes 1 mark and 2 marks respectively. Linear Equations2. Write the situation for each of the following linear equations: (a) x + y = 465, where x and y represent the number of aluminium cans and the number of glass bottles collected respectively in a recycling campaign. (b) p—q=3, where p and q represent the length and width respectively, in em, of a rectangle. Ihavereada total of 7 Anoveland 6 novelsand storybooks storybooks. this weektor the NILAM Programme Canyou guessthe number of novelsand the number of storybooks! haveread? % The equation that can be formed from the situation above is x + y = 7 and it has a few pairs of different values for x and y. All the pairs of values of x and y are possible solutions for the equation, A linear equation in two variables has many possible pairs of values of solutions. Example 9 Write three possible pairs of solutions for 2x + y Solution 2x+y=6 When x ssible pairs of solutions are 4and x= 2, y=2 Eachpair of solutionscanbe writen in the ordered pair (x, ). Forexample,(0,6),(1,4)and (2,2). Co How do you determin of linear equationsin two variable: > aan ain Determineande: possiblesolutionsof linear equationsin two variables. omy A scientificcalculatorcan be usedto determine the valuesof solutions for linear equationsin two variables 1. 3. Write equation in the form y=6—2x. Press ALPHA Y ALPHA = 6 ~ 2 ALPHA x ‘CALC Screendisplayed x” Enterthe value x Forexample0. Press 0 Screendisplayed 6-2x Thus, Pres¢CALCand enter the different valuesof xfor the other pairsof solutionsOsman has bought a total of five jerseys for Harimau Team and Kancil Team. What are the possible numbers of jerseys that can be bought for each team? eri concenta re Solution two variables: Let the number of jerseys for Harimau Team = x Choosea valuefor one of the variables. and the number of jerseys for Kancil Team = y 1 Thus, x +y=5 Substitutethe value Number of jerseys for Number of jerseys for into the nan Harimau Team Kancil Team 7 Solvethe equation to xal yea find the value of the y3 other variable. =2 oo” Besidesthe pairs of solutions listed above, is there any other pair of solutions for the number of jerseysthat Osmanbought? Discuss. 1. Write three possible pairs of solutions for the following equations: (a) x-y=7 (b) 2x (©) Bx-F=6 2. On sports day, Sani won 4 medals all of which were gold and bronze medals. How many gold and bronze medals did Sani possibly win? Co How do you represent graphically linear pea equationsin two variables? Representraphially . - t linear equationsin Exploration Activity & two variables. Aim: To represent graphically linear equations in two variables. Instruction: * Explore by yourself before the lesson begins and discuss in groups of four during the lesson. * Open the folder downloaded from page vii. Linear Equations,3. From the results of Exploration Activity 2, it is found that straight line graphs are obtained when all the ordered pairs of the linear equations in two variables are plotted and connected. of the linear equation. Open the file linear equation graphically. pdf and print the file. Complete the table for each given equation. @ x-y (b) x-2y x/0 1/2/34) 5/|/ © 02/4 ,>6/)8 > 10 y | 2 |» (sy) 0.2) sy) (©) x+y=-5 @ 2xt+y=2 x x yp 0 -1 2,3 -4-5 py 1 8/6 4 2,0 Gy) Gy) Based on the ordered pairs obtained from the tables above, plot all the points on the printed grid paper. Draw a graph by connecting all the points. Study the shape of your graphs. What is your observation? Compare the shape of the graphs obtained from the given linear equations. Discuss your findings. All the points on the straight line are the solutions Ea) Which of the following diagrams represent graphically a linear equation in two variables? y y Diagram(a) Diagram(b) Diagram(c)ULI=IIe E> % Openthe folderdownloadedirom pagevii for extra questionsof MasteryQ6.2. 1. Form a linear equation in two variables for each of the following: (a) The total price of x headscarves at RM30 each is RM8 more than the total price of y shawls at RM20 each. (b) The total age of a father and his twin children is 130. (c) Ina school, the number of female teachers is twice the number of male teachers. 2. Write two possible pairs of solutions for each of the following equations: (a) x+y=7 (b) y-2=5x 3. Draw graphs to represent each of the following linear equations based on the given values of x: (a) x-y=2;x=0,1,2,3,4,5 (b) x+y =4;x=-2,-1, 0, 1,2 (©) yp Za3ix= 6-4, -2, 0,2 4. A shirt costs RM20 and a pair of pants costs RM10. Find the possible number of shirts and pants that Sheimah can buy with a total payment of RM80. What is the maximum number of shirts that Sheimah can buy? oe 5. Pei San saves only 10 sen and 20 sen coins in her coin box. Her total savings is RMS. & Draw a graph to represent the situation. 6.3 Simultaneous_inearEquationsin TwoVariables Co Howdoyouformsimultaneoudinearequations and representthem graphically? >=: Faizah rears a total of 7 chickens and ducks in a coop. The Form simultaneouslinear cost of rearing a chicken is RM2 per week whereas the equationsbasedon cost of rearing a duck is RMI per week. The total cost for _ailysituations. Hence, rearing the chickens and ducks is RMI2 per week. How —_ T@Presentgraphically the simultaneous 2 many chickens and ducks can Faizah rear? Geraint Based on the situation above, let x and y be the number __Variablesand explainthe of chickens and ducks being reared respectively, eam ee emu linear equations. thus x+y =7 ~ | Totalnumber of chickensand ducksis 7, : - Totalrearing costo chickens det y= 12 an vey ‘and ducksis RM 2per week Both the equations formed are linear equations in two variables To determine the number of chickens and the number of ducks, we need to find the values of x and y that satisfy both the linear equations Linear Equations,> Exploration Activity & Aim: To explore simultaneous linear equations. Instruction: * Explore by yourself before the lesson begins and discuss in groups of four during the lesson. * Open the folder downloaded from page vii. 1. Open the file intersecting,ggb using GeoGebra. 2. Click on both the boxes to display the straight line graph for the equations xty=7and 2x+y=12. 3. Observe the two straight lines displayed and state the point of intersection (x, y) of both the straight lines, 4, Determine whether the point of intersection (x, y) is the solution for both the linear equations. From the results of Exploration Activity 3a, it is found that the point of intersection of the two straight lines is the common pair of solutions for both the linear equations Linear equations x + y = 7 and 2x + y = 12 are simultaneous linear equations in two variables because both the linear equations have two similar variabl. The solution of simultaneous linear equations that has one point of intersection is known as a unique soluti Exploration Activity Aim: To explore simultaneous linear equations. Instruction: + Explore by yourself before the lesson begins and discuss in groups of four during the lesson. * Open the folder downloaded from page vii 1. Open the file parallel.ggb using GeoGebra. EEE 2. Click on both the boxes to display the straight line graph for the equations Qeeries 2x —3y =—6 and 4x — 6y = 18 : 3. Observe the two straight lines displayed.Open the file overlapping.ggh using GeoGebra. Click on both the boxes to display the straight line graph for the equations x+y =4 and 5x + 5y=20. Observe the two straight lines displayed. Copy and record all your results in the following table. Linear equations Condition of , displayed both straight lines ee 2x —3y=-6 4x — 18 xty=4 5x+5y=20 Discuss with your friends your findings. Exploration Activities 3a and 3b show that there are three cases involving solution of simultaneous linear equations as shown in the table below. Condition of both straight lines ‘Type of solution Intersecting Unique solution Parallel No solution Overlapping Infinite solutions Faith ad Form simultaneous linear equations for each given daily situation. Hence, represent graphically the simultaneous linear equations in two variables. (a) Puan Siti intends to reward her students with 6 Malay dictionaries and English dictionaries. The prices of a Malay dictionary and an English dictionary are RM20 and RM40 respectively. Puan Siti buys x Malay dictionaries and y English dictionaries at a total cost of RM160. (b) A total of 12 students comprising boys and girls are divided equally into two groups. The number of boys in each group is 2 more than the number of girls. Linear Equations oo”Co How do you solve simultaneous linear LEAI equationsin two variable? Se Gite Solvesimultanedus linear equationsin ¢ | two variablesusing (i) graphical method variousmethods. (ii) substitution method (iii) elimination method The simultaneous linear equations in two variables can be solved by using Soo Solve the following simultaneous linear equations by using graphical method. xt+y=6 and 2xt+y=8 Solution From the graph drawn, the point of intersection is (2, 4). Thus, the solution is x = 2 and y = 4. ‘equationsin variablesusing Solve the following simultaneous linear equations by using the other varigble. substitution method, 7 and Sx+2y=1 ‘Substitute the] expressiorint4 Solution other linear equation. Solvethe linedr equation in Substitute C into b one variable. 5(7 + 3y) + 2y 35 + 15+ 2p Substitute thelvalue 35+ 1p obtained into fhe liy expressedequption to find the valueppf the other variabl x=743(2) =1 Thus, x= 1 and y =Solve the following simultaneous linear equations by using elimination method. (a) x +2y=9 and 3x —2y = 15 (b) 2x + Sy = 14 and 3x + 4y=7 Solution (a) x+2y Identify the variablewith 3x—2y = the samecoefficient. a+b :4r+0 4x Eliminatethe variabley by addinga andb Substitute x = 6+2y (b) + Multiply a andb to equate the coefficient ofx + TheLCMfor 2 and 3 is 6. a x 3:6r +15 b x2: 6r+ c -d 2x + 54 ‘Thus, x =-3 and y = 4, Thestepsfor solving simultaneoustinear ‘equationsin two variables using elimination method: Multiply one or both equationswith a number sothat the coefficient of one of the variablesis equal. ¥ ‘Add or subtract both the equationsto eliminate one of the variables. Solvethe linear equation in one variable. ¥ Substitutethe value obtained into the original equation to find the valueof the other variable. a Scanthe QRCodeor isit https://youtu. be/LODJskZw3y0 to learnabout the solution of Example 13(b)by using scienttic calculator. a) 1. Solve the following simultaneous linear equations: Linear Equations,uy HO o How do you solveproblems? ea SP MMBNNS srrucanon BEB > lla eg simultaneouslinear ‘equationsin two variables. Yesterday brought my wife and three children who areunder 12 years old to the Zoo Negara, andthe total costof tickets wasRMG7. Lastweek,| brought my wife anda S-year-oldchild together with two of my friends to the Zoo Negara. Thetotal costof ticketswasRM139. Based on the conversation above, how much is the ticket for an adult and a child? Solution Understanding the problem * Total cost of tickets for 2 adults and 3 children is RM97. + Total cost of tickets for 4 adults and one child is RM139. Devising a plan Let the cost of the ticket for an adult = RMx and the cost of the ticket for a child = RMy Form two simultaneous linear equations and solve them. Implementing the strategy 2x+3y=97 a 4x + y= 139 .0..b a x2: 4x + 6y = 194......6 4x +y = 139 ......B © —b: 0+5y=55 Sy =55 y=ll Substitute y = 11 into the equation a . 2x + 3(11) = 97 2x +33 =97 2x = 64 x= 32 Thus, the cost of the ticket for an adult is RM32 and the cost of the ticket for a child is RMII. Doing reflection Total cost of tickets for 2 adults and 3 children = 2(32) + 3(11) = RM97 Total cost of tickets for 4 adults and 1 child = 4(32) + 11 =RMI139Emad 1. During the Hari Keusahawanan in a school, 800 booklets of coupons were sold. The price of each booklet of coupons was RM30 and RMSO respectively. The total amount collected was RM30 000. How many booklets of RM30 and RMSO coupons were sold? 2. The length of a rectangular swimming pool is p m and its width is q m. It is given that the length of the swimming pool is twice its width. If the perimeter of the swimming pool is 150 m, find the values of p and q. GIXZI¢nE> Openthe folderdownloadedfrom pagevii for extra questionsf MasteryQ6.3. Form simultaneous linear equations based on the following statement. The difference between two numbers is 5. When the larger number is multiplied by 2, the sum of both the numbers is 7. Hence, represent graphically the simultaneous linear equations in two variables and state the type of the solution 2. Solve the following simultaneous linear equations: (b) 3m—2n=19 Sm+7n=11 £4 8-3 My 2g—f= 10 3. Awire with a length of 100 cm is cut into three parts. The length of wire for the first and second parts are the same. The length of the third part of the wire exceeds the sum of the first two parts by 4 cm. Calculate the length of each part. Lai Yee and Khadijah have 60 stamps. When Lai Yee gives 5 stamps to Khadijah, the number of Lai Yee's stamps is twice the number of Khadijah’s stamps. How many stamps does each of them have at first? 4 5. After six years, the age of Devaki’s father is thrice the age of Devaki. If the age of = Devaki’s father was seven times the age of Devaki two years ago, what are their ages 6. this year? Sarah has more money than Hui Chin. If Sarah gives RM10 to Hui Chin, both of them will have the same amount of money. If Hui Chin gives RMS to Sarah, Sarah will have four times the amount of money that Hui Chin has. How much does each of them have? Linear Equations ptaLdVHO.The power of the variable ist \ Linear \._tinear ‘equations in equations in one variable 7 tao eats Consist axtby=e Have many Have a of linear expression possible pairs unique solution. 28 and number. of solutions, Have two variables. Have only. one variable. FAatheacndopthischantertiicans identify linear equations in one variable and describe the characteristics of the equations form linear equations in one variable based on a statement or a situation, and vice-versa. solve linear equations in one variable. solve problems involving linear equations in one variable. identify linear equations in two variables and describe the characteristics of the equations form linear equations in two variables based on a statement or a situation, and vice-versa determine and explain possible solutions of linear equations in two variables. represent graphically linear equations in two variables, form simultaneous linear equations based on daily situations. Hence, represent graphically the simultaneous linear equations in two variables and explain the ‘meaning of simultaneous linear equations. solve simultaneous linear equations in two variables using various methods. solve problems involving simultaneous linear equations in two variables. aces ere cudMeena has a packet of sweets. She gives half of the sweets to her brother. After eating 3 sweets, there are 5 sweets left in the packet. How many sweets were there in the packet initially? In a cross-country run organized by a school, the students who completed the run within one hour would obtain 2 points for their team, A total of 280 students managed to obtain the points, The number of boys who obtained the points was 60 more than the number of girls. How many points did the girls obtain during the cross-country run? \GBIMastey 6 a The total savings of Ella and Zahida was RM2 000. Ella and Zahida each donated + and t of their savings to an old folks home. The total amount donated by them was RM440. What are the balances of Ella’s and Zahida’s savings now? An online dealer sells two types of clothes, baju kurung and baju kebaya. The profit obtained from a baju kurung is RM1O less than the profit obtained from a baju kebaya. He earns a profit of RM275 from the sale of 5 baju kurung and 8 baju kebaya during the first week. In the second week, he sells 9 baju kurung and 7 baju kebaya. What is his profit in the second week? The perimeter of a rectangle is 56 cm. When its length is reduced by 2 em and its width is increased by 4 cm, a square is formed. What is the area of the rectangle? The incomplete receipt shows the expenses of Liza and sedapRestaurant Kei Ling at Sedap Restaurant. The price of a cup of coffee is RMI more than the price of a piece of curry puff. What are the prices of a cup of coffee and apiece of | **u"rY Puffs RM curry puff? ‘Total RM680 2cups of coffee RM. Encik Rizal and his wife brought their children below 12 years old along with them for a holiday in Pulau Redang. They spent a total amount of RM1 150 for the package tour. The fees for an adult and a child are RM350 and RMIS0 respectively. How many children did he bring with him? Linear Equations aGpruavn TTD vt 8. “ 12. Asnita _: My age is.x years more than your age. Reslynna : I was 13 years old x years ago. Asnita: My age will be 31 years old after x years. Based on their conversation, what are the ages of Asnita and Reslynna? . The straight line graph represents the population of trees planted in the districts Population P and Q since the year 2010. The linear of tees (n) equations represented by the straight line graphs of districts P and Q are n — 3x — 16 District Q and n — 5x = 10 respectively, where 7 is District P the population of trees planted and x is the number of years after 2010. In which year Number 7 ’ would the population of trees planted in of years (3) both the districts be the same? State the population of the trees in that year. . Cikgu Latif recorded the time for a 100 m sprint by three students Amir, Ben and Ravi. The recorded time of Ben and Ravi is the same. The average time for the three students is 13,3 s. However, Cikgu Latif noticed that Amir’s time was recorded wrongly as 15.3 s instead of 13.5 s. Calculate the actual average time of the three students. . A wholesaler supplies two kinds of fruits, pineapples and watermelons, to stalls A and B, The mass of the fruits supplied are as shown in the table. [a Pineapple ‘Watermelon A 15 40 25 60 The total payments received by the wholesaler from stalls A and B are RM90 and RMI40 respectively. Determine the price per kilogram for each kind of fruit. Commerce ‘A company produces two types of pen drive, P and Q. In the year 2015, the profit earned from both the pen drives was RM350 000. In the year 2016, the profit earned from type P pen drive increased by 25% while the profit earned from type Q pen drive decreased by 10%. If the total profit for the year 2016 was RM395 500, find the profit earned from each type of the pen drive in the year 2016.Scanthe QRCodeor visit http:/g00.g/nDPH2nto explore the usageof linear & | > equationsin variousfields Linear equations can be used to study and solve the traffic problems. The diagram shows a road map with four junctions, P, Q, Rand S, where each road is a one-way road. ‘The flow rate of vehicles during the day is given in the table. Traffic Average flow rate of vehicles (Number of vehicles per hour) Vehicles from A 10 Vehicles from B 75, Vehicles that move along PO 35 Vehicles that move along OS 80 Vehicles that move along RS 20 By using the equality concept, form some linear equations from the given information. Hence, determine the average flow rate of vehicles that travel to C and D. Linear Equations