Review Innovations CE Review November 2023 – Analytic Geometry 3

HYPERBOLA POLAR COORDINATE SYSTEM

-locus of a point that moves such that the difference of its In this system, the location of a point is expressed by its
distance between two fixed points called the foci is constant distance 𝑟 from a fixed point called the pole and its angle θ
from a fixed line, usually the +𝑥-axis.

Relationship between Polar and Cartesian Coordinate

Systems:

𝑟 2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 or 𝑟 = √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2

𝑥 = 𝑟 cos θ 𝑦 = 𝑟 sin θ
𝑦
tan θ = =𝑚
𝑥

SAMPLE PROBLEMS:
Situation 1. For problems 1-7, refer here. Sketch the graph
of the curve 16𝑥 2 − 9𝑦 2 − 64𝑥 − 72𝑦 − 224 = 0 and find the
following:
1. center
a. (2,4) c. (-2,4)
b. (2,-4) d. (-2,-4)
2. transverse axis and conjugate axis, respectively
a. 4 & 3 c. 3 & 4
b. 8 & 6 d. 6 & 8
3. vertices
Standard Equations a. (-1,-4) & (5,-4) c. (-1,-7) & (5,-1)
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 b. (2,0) & (2,-8) d. (-3,-4) & (7,-4)
− =1 → ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙
𝑎2 𝑏2 4. foci
(𝑦 − 𝑘)2 (𝑥 − ℎ)2 a. (-1,-4) & (5,-4) c. (-1,-7) & (5,-1)
− =1 → 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 b. (2,0) & (2,-8) d. (-3,-4) & (7,-4)
𝑎2 𝑏2
5. length of latus rectum
Note: (ℎ, 𝑘) is the center of the hyperbola. a. 10.7 units c. 6.4 units
Properties of Hyperbola b. 16.7 units d. 4.5 units
1. 𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 6. equation of the upward asymptote
𝑐
2. 𝑒 = > 1 a. 4𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 20 = 0 c. 4𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 4 = 0
𝑎
𝑎
3. 𝑑= b. 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 20 = 0 d. 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 4 = 0
𝑒
2𝑏 2
4. 𝐿𝑅 =
𝑎
7. The following hyperbolas are confocal:
GENERAL EQUATION OF CONIC SECTIONS (x2/4) – (y2/8) = 1
𝑨𝒙𝟐 + 𝑩𝒙𝒚 + 𝑪𝒚𝟐 + 𝑫𝒙 + 𝑬𝒚 + 𝑭 = 𝟎 (x2/6) – (y2/k) = 1
To find what type of conic section is described by a given What is the value of k?
equation,
Case 1: 𝑩=𝟎 8. Find the general equation of the curve whose center
• If A or C is zero, it is a parabola. is at (1,0) with one focus at (1,√13). The eccentricity of the
• If A and C are not zero and: curve is √13/2.
→ having opposite signs, it is a hyperbola.
→ having same sign and: 9. Identify what conic section is described by the
→ A = C, it is a circle. following equations:
→ A ≠ C , it is an ellipse. a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 25𝑥 = 0
b. 𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 27 = 0
Case 2: 𝑩≠𝟎 c. 9𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 + 54𝑥 − 25𝑦 − 8 = 0
• Evaluate 𝐵2 − 4𝐴𝐶. If: d. 4𝑥 2 − 9𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 + 24 = 0
→ 𝐵2 − 4𝐴𝐶 = 0, it is a parabola. e. 13𝑥 2 + 10𝑥𝑦 + 13𝑦 2 + 6𝑥 − 42𝑦 − 27 = 0
→ 𝐵2 − 4𝐴𝐶 < 0, it is an ellipse. f. 4𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦 2 − 8𝑥 + 16𝑦 + 19 = 0
→ 𝐵2 − 4𝐴𝐶 > 0, it is a hyperbola. g. 4𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 4𝑦 2 − 16𝑦 − 20 = 0
h. 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 − 8𝑥 + 16𝑦 + 19 = 0
 Review Innovations CE Review November 2023 – Analytic Geometry 3

10. The distance between points (5,30°) and (-8,-50°) is:

a. 9.84 c. 10.04 Answers:
b. 10.14 d. 9.94 1. C(2, -3); V(2, 0) and V’(2, -6)

11. Find the length of the latus rectum of the curve F(2, 2) and F’(2, -8)
2 2. 4x2 – 9y2 – 8x + 54y – 113 = 0
𝑟=
1 + cos θ
a. 8 units c. 12 units 3. 2.22 units
b. 4 units d. 16 units 4. x2/9 – y2/27 = 1
3 17
12. Find the length of the curve 𝑟 = 4 sin θ. (𝑥+ )2 2(𝑦− )2
2 4
5. − =1
a. 10.23 units c. 9.42 units 110 55

b. 11.68 units d. 12.57 units 6. y = -2x2 (Parabola)

7. 8.89 units
13. Find the eccentricity of the curve represented by the
8
parametric equations 𝑥 = 3 cos θ and 𝑦 = 4 sin θ. 8. 𝑟 2 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝜃 + 2
a. 1.34 c. 0.89
b. 0.75 d. 0.66 9. 12.57 units
10. 18.85 sq.units
11. 16.02 units
Problems for Practice:
12. 0.745
1. Locate the center, vertices and foci of the hyperbola:
16y2 – 9x2 + 36x + 96y - 36 = 0

2. Find the equation of the hyperbola with center (1, 3),

vertex (4, 3) and end of conjugate axis (1, 1).

3. Compute the distance between the directrices of the curve

4x2 – 9y2 + 16x + 72y - 92 = 0

4. The length of the latus rectum of a hyperbola is equal to 18

and the distance between the foci is 12. Find the equation of
the curve (center at the origin) if the conjugate axis is parallel
to the y-axis.

5. Find the equation of the hyperbola with asymptotes 2y – x

– 10 = 0 and 2y + x – 7 = 0, passing through (9, 4).

6. Eliminate the parameter “t” from the parametric

equations:
x = sin t and y = cos 2t – 1
What is the equivalent conic section?

7. Find the length of the curve r = 2 sin θ + 2 cos θ.

8. The polar form of the equation 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 = 8 is:

a. r 2 = 8 c. r = 8
8 8
b. r = 2 d. r 2 = 2
cos θ + 2 cos θ + 2

9. Find the length of the curve 𝑟 = 4 sin θ.

a. 10.23 units c. 9.42 units
b. 11.68 units d. 12.57 units

Situation 1:
The polar equation of the curve is equal to
r2 (4 sin2θ + 9 cos2θ) = 36
10. Compute the area bounded by the curve.
11. Compute the total length of curve.
12. Determine the eccentricity of the given curve.