非谓语动词在语法填空中的运用

一．单句语法填空
1. It was a few moments before his eyes became （adjust） to the bright glare of the sun.
2. He was so (embarrass)— his face went brick red.
3. (ashame) of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologised to Aleko for having accused him.
4. In Japan ,someone who witnessed another person （ employ） the gesture might think it means money .In
France ,a person (encounter)an identical gesture may interpret it as (mean) zero .
5. We don’t allow (smoke) here．
6. We don’t allow anybody (smoke)here．
7. Nobody is allowed (smoke) here.
8. We ban (smoke)here. We prohibit (smoke)here. We forbid (smoke)here.
9. Smoking (forbid)here.
10. You cannot imagine a child (treat) so cruelly.
11. All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero has only a (limit) time to live. Such stories
set us (think), (wonder) what we should do under similar circumstances.
12. Whenever you are in trouble ,don’t hesitate (ask ) me for help .
13. As a result of the serious flood ,two-thirds of the buildings in the area need (repair ).
14. I really appreciate (have ) time to holiday with you on this nice island .
15. It's time that I got down to (think) about that essay.
16. Professor Wang devotes his life to (protect) wild animals.
17. We are used to (get) up early in the morning.
18. (amuse) by his story，all of us burst into laughter.
19. (adopt) this method, you can solve the problem in a shorter time.
20. There's a (strike) contrast between what he does and what he says.
21. She finally found a job which she found stimulating and (reward).
22. They lay in the cliff top grass with the sea (stretch) out far below.
23. If you spend any time in prison, you will (label) as a criminal for the rest of your life.
二. 历年高考真题
【2021 年】
1.（2021 年全国甲卷）It is possible 43 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
2.（2021 年全国甲卷）After 44 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it
was time for some action.
3.（2021 年全国乙卷）Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of 67
(visit)the place.
4.（2021 年全国乙卷）Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim 70_ (have)
a low impact on the natural environment.
5.（2021 年 1 月浙江卷）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 34． (study)
had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
6.（2021 年 1 月浙江卷） This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36． (live) in the countryside. 7.
（2021 年 6 月浙江卷）A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary’s
sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 43 （plant）flowers in the front yard.
【2020 年】
1.（2020·新课标Ⅰ）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas
of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
2.（2020·新课标Ⅱ）They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
3.（2020·新课标Ⅱ）They make great gifts and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and
messages of good fortune.
4.（2020·新课标Ⅱ）They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.
5.（2020·新课标Ⅲ）The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the well-known painter.
6.（2020·新课标Ⅲ）69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
7（. 2020·山东卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves
living at a different time in history or 43 (walk)through a rainforest.
8.（2020·浙江卷）Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60 (change)lives. 9.
（ 2020·浙 江 卷 ） Later， they learned to work with the seasons， planting at the right time and, in dry areas，
63 (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
【2019 年】
1.（2019·全国卷）Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around
human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉).
2.（2019·全国卷 II）A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for 61 (be)Britain's oldest full-time
employee-still working 40 hours a week.
3.（2019·全国卷 II）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene declared she had no plans 65_
(retire) from her 36-year-old business.
4.（2019·全国卷 II）When we got a call 68_ (say) she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke.
5.（2019·全国卷 III）On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would
take 62 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
6.（2019·全国卷 III）On the last day of our week-long stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful
farm on the North Shore under the stars， 70 (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
7.（2019·浙江卷）When the children are walking or 59 (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily
see them.
8.（2019·浙江卷）But some students didn’t want 63 (wear) the uniform.
9.（ 2019·北 京 卷 ） Nervously 2 (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be
yourself”.
10.（2019·北京卷）Earth Day，4 (mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about
environmental protection.

三．语法填空
Inspired by the work of William Beebe, Dr.Sylvia Earle（1935）began her work as an oceanographer at the age of 3

when she 1 （ knock ） off her feet by a wave. She was fascinated by the ocean and its creatures. Although she

struggled 2 （balance）her studies and family, Earle earned her PhD from Duke University, becoming well known

in the marine science community. Early in her career, and while she was four 3 （month）pregnant, Earle traveled

30.5m/100 ft below the surface in a submersibl（e 潜水器）. Her experience 4 （ live）in an underwater marine habitat

earned her celebrity status in the scientific community.

With the experience, Earle developed an interest 5 deep sea exploration, and in 1979 she broke 6

record for deep diving at 381 m/1,250 ft below the surface in a special suit called the Jim Suit designed to withstand（抵挡）

the 7 （press）. Earle decided to test the suit as part of her research on a book 8 （publish）by National

Geographic, and the diving techniques only scratched the surface of the ocean. Following this adventure, Earle started two
companies 9 produce deep sea exploration vehicles. The continued advancement in the technology of these

vehicles has helped open up areas in the deep sea 10 （previous）unexplored.

比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it 为形式主语，动词 walk 的不定式短

语作真正主语。故填 to walk。

【44 题】考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行

动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处 After 为介词，故 spend 应用其动名词形式作介词宾

语。故填 spending。

【67 题】考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词 of 可知，空格处应填动

名词形式来作介词 of 的宾语。故填 visiting。

【70 题】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固

定短语 aim to do 译为“旨在，目的是”。故填 to have。

34．考查非谓语动词。句意：1985 年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的 BMIs 高于农村

地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是 had，所以 study 用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是 countries，

表被动关系，故填 studied。

36．考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较

高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词 may be，故 live 用非谓语形式，

它的逻辑主语是 people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填 living。

【43 题】考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设

空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词 plant 的不定式形式为 to plant。

故填 to plant。

【2020 年】
66.考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示

目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填 to find。
 63.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为 represent，所以这

里为非谓语动词。名词 earth 与 come back to 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填 coming。

65.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中 them 指代

前句中的 orange trees，与 decorate 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 decorated。

68.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填 to

care。

67.考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做

某事”短语为 set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填 to find。

69.考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可

知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops 是独立主格结构做状语，surround 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，

与逻辑主语 clouds 构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填 surrounding。

43.考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，

或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与 living 是并列成分，共同做 imagine 的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某

事”。

故填 walking。

60. 考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词 gave

故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填 to change。

63.考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来

灌溉农田。分析句子，make 所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of 和逻辑主语 they 之间表示“主

动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填 making。
【2019 年】

67. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词 by 可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填 noting。

61. being【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词 for 可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填 being。

65.to retire【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用 to do sth 做后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词 plan,表示“……的计

划”，故填 to retire。

68.saying 【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式 saying 作后置定语，

解释名词 call 的内容，call 与 say 是主动关系，故填 saying。

62. 【解析】考查不定式。句中的 would 提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering 后的句子不缺谓语，此

处应填非谓语动词，故填 to get。

70.【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以 70 题空格处动词 listen 应用非谓语动词形式。听音

乐这个动作是由 we 发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由 and 前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and 后

meeting interesting locals 为分词形式，故空格处填 listening。

很容易看到它们。or 连接两个并列成分，根据 or 前的 walking 可知，此处要用 cycling。故填 cycling。

63. to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth 想要做某事，这

是 want 的固定用法。故填 to wear。

【2019·北京卷】

2.facing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。

分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是 I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分

词作状语。故填 facing。
4.marked【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于 4 月 22 日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分
析句式可知，设空处是要做名词 Earth Day 的后置定语，且与其之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填 marked。
三．语法填空
1．was knocked 2．to balance 3．months 4．living 5．in

6．the 7．pressure 8．published 9．that/which 10．previously