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Exp 4

This document outlines an experiment on applying and interpreting different plots, including histograms, box plots, scatter plots, and quantile-quantile plots. It provides theoretical background on each plot type and how they can be used to visualize data distributions and identify outliers. The procedure involves identifying suitable attributes to apply each plot type to, generating the plots, discussing inferences, and answering questions about measuring dispersion and other advantages of the visualization techniques.

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AARUSH SABOO
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16 views6 pages

Exp 4

This document outlines an experiment on applying and interpreting different plots, including histograms, box plots, scatter plots, and quantile-quantile plots. It provides theoretical background on each plot type and how they can be used to visualize data distributions and identify outliers. The procedure involves identifying suitable attributes to apply each plot type to, generating the plots, discussing inferences, and answering questions about measuring dispersion and other advantages of the visualization techniques.

Uploaded by

AARUSH SABOO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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KJSCE/IT/SY /SEMIII/FDS-Honour-AI/2023-24

Experiment No.4

Title: Applying and interpreting different plots

Somaiya University
KJSCE/IT/SY /SEMIII/FDS-Honour-AI/2023-24

Batch: Roll No.: Experiment No.: 4

Aim: Applying and interpreting different plots


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Resources needed: Any programming language/ Rapid Miner, any data source
(RDBMS/Excel/CSV)
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Theory:

For data preprocessing to be successful, it is essential to have an overall picture of your data.
Basic statistical descriptions alone cannot be used to identify properties of the data and
highlight which data values should be treated as noise or outliers. The plots such as Box Plot,
Q-Q Plot, Histogram and Scatterplots provide various information to the data analyst. Data
visualization is very much needed because a visual summary of information makes it easier
to identify patterns and trends than looking through thousands of rows. Before applying plots
suitability of the attribute should be checked.

Histogram
Histogram gives accurate representation of the distribution of numeric data. A histogram is a
chart that shows frequencies for intervals of values of a continuous variable. It summarize
a Univariate Data set. In histogram of a continuous frequency table, x-axis marks class
intervals on a suitable scale and y-axis marks frequency of each class interval. The interval of
value is known as bin and they all have the same widths. The upper and lower class limits of
the new exclusive type classes are known as class boundaries. Histograms also give us
much more complete information about our data.

Box plot
Boxplot also known as box-and-whisker plot is a way to show the distribution of values
based on the five-number summary: minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile,
and maximum. The minimum and the maximum are just the min and max values from the
data set. The median is the value that separates the higher half of a data from the lower

Somaiya University
KJSCE/IT/SY /SEMIII/FDS-Honour-AI/2023-24

half. The first quartile is the median of the data values to the left of the median in our ordered
values. The third quartile is the median of the data values to the right of the median in our
ordered values. Boxplot can also show outliers and IQR(Inter Quartile range) .

Scatterplots

A scatter plot is a type of plot or mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to


display values for typically two variables for a set of data. A scatter plot can be used either
when one continuous variable that is under the control of the experimenter and the other
depends on it or when both continuous variables are independent. A scatter plot can suggest
various kinds of correlations between variables with a certain confidence interval.

Somaiya University
KJSCE/IT/SY /SEMIII/FDS-Honour-AI/2023-24

Quantile-Quantile Plot

A Q–Q (quantile-quantile) plot is a probability plot, which is a graphical method for


comparing two probability distributions by plotting their quantiles against each other. If
the two distributions being compared are similar, the points in the Q–Q plot will
approximately lie on the line y = x. If the distributions are linearly related, the points in the
Q–Q plot will approximately lie on a line, but not necessarily on the line y = x. Many
distributional aspects can be obtained from a q-q plot like, shifts in location, shifts in
scale, changes in symmetry, and the presence of outliers can all be detected from this plot.
It helps to assess if a set of data plausibly came from some theoretical distribution such as
a Normal or exponential.

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Procedure / Approach /Algorithm / Activity Diagram:

1. Identify the attributes where it will be sensible to apply the below given plots.

a. Box Plot
b. Q Q Plot
c. Histogram
d. Scatter Plot

Somaiya University
KJSCE/IT/SY /SEMIII/FDS-Honour-AI/2023-24

Apply the above mentioned plots on the identified attributes. Discuss the inferences from
these plots in detail.

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Results: (Program printout with output / Document printout as per the format)

Questions:
1. Why is it important to measure the dispersion in the dataset?
2. Discuss the other purposes/advantages of the plots used in this experiment.

Outcomes:

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Conclusion: (Conclusion to be based on the objectives and outcomes achieved)

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Grade: AA / AB / BB / BC / CC / CD /DD

Somaiya University
KJSCE/IT/SY /SEMIII/FDS-Honour-AI/2023-24

Signature of faculty in-charge with date


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References:

Books/ Journals/ Websites:

1. Han, Kamber, "Data Mining Concepts and Techniques", Morgan Kaufmann 3nd
Edition

Somaiya University

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