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    ACT-1 Answer EM-1

    Uploaded by

    Aegee Cedrick Manicao
    The document contains examples solving circuit analysis problems using Kirchhoff's laws. 1) It finds the current in a circuit with three resistors in series given the resistor values and battery potential. It uses Kirchhoff's voltage law to set up an equation and solves for the current. 2) It determines the current i3 at a node in a circuit where four currents meet. It uses Kirchhoff's junction law to set up an equation balancing the currents entering and leaving the node. 3) The document provides practice problems and solutions for identifying components, applying definitions of voltage, current, resistance and Kirchhoff's laws to analyze circuits and calculate values like current and potential difference.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    ACT-1 Answer EM-1

    Uploaded by

    Aegee Cedrick Manicao
    23 views8 pages
    The document contains examples solving circuit analysis problems using Kirchhoff's laws. 1) It finds the current in a circuit with three resistors in series given the resistor values and battery potential. It uses Kirchhoff's voltage law to set up an equation and solves for the current. 2) It determines the current i3 at a node in a circuit where four currents meet. It uses Kirchhoff's junction law to set up an equation balancing the currents entering and leaving the node. 3) The document provides practice problems and solutions for identifying components, applying definitions of voltage, current, resistance and Kirchhoff's laws to analyze circuits and calculate values like current and potential difference.

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    ACT-1_Answer_EM-1

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    The document contains examples solving circuit analysis problems using Kirchhoff's laws. 1) It finds the current in a circuit with three resistors in series given the resistor values and battery potential. It uses Kirchhoff's voltage law to set up an equation and solves for the current. 2) It determines the current i3 at a node in a circuit where four currents meet. It uses Kirchhoff's junction law to set up an equation balancing the currents entering and leaving the node. 3) The document provides practice problems and solutions for identifying components, applying definitions of voltage, current, resistance and Kirchhoff's laws to analyze circuits and calculate values like current and potential difference.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    23 views8 pages

    ACT-1 Answer EM-1

    Uploaded by

    Aegee Cedrick Manicao
    The document contains examples solving circuit analysis problems using Kirchhoff's laws. 1) It finds the current in a circuit with three resistors in series given the resistor values and battery potential. It uses Kirchhoff's voltage law to set up an equation and solves for the current. 2) It determines the current i3 at a node in a circuit where four currents meet. It uses Kirchhoff's junction law to set up an equation balancing the currents entering and leaving the node. 3) The document provides practice problems and solutions for identifying components, applying definitions of voltage, current, resistance and Kirchhoff's laws to analyze circuits and calculate values like current and potential difference.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    KRISTEL'S ACTIVITY_ANSWERS KEY

    1) The circuit in the diagram consists of two resistors in series, with ammeters,
    A1, A2, and A3, placed at different points in the circuit. A1 reads 4 A.
    Given:
    •Two resistors in series.
    •Ammeters A1, A2, and A3 are placed at different points in the circuit.
    •A1 reads 4 A.
    Formula:
    In a series circuit, the current remains the same throughout.
    Therefore, the current given by A1 is the same as the current at any other
    point in the circuit.
    IT= I1=I2=I3
    A1 = A2 = A3
    Solution:
    The current given by the second ammeter, A2, is also 4 A.
    Answer:
    The current given by the second ammeter, A2, is 4 A.
    The current given by the third ammeter, A3, is also 4 A.

    2) A student sets up the circuit shown in the diagram. She uses a voltmeter to
    measure the potential difference across 𝑅1 and finds it to be 4 V. She then uses
    a voltmeter to measure the potential difference across 𝑅2 and finds it to be 10
    V. What is the potential difference across both resistors together?

    Given:
    Potential difference across 𝑅1 = 4 V
    Potential difference across 𝑅2 = 10 V

    Formula:
    According to Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL), the sum of the potential differences in a
    closed loop is equal to zero. In this case, the potential difference across both
    resistors together can be found by adding the potential differences across 𝑅1 and 𝑅2.

    Solution:
    The potential difference across both resistors together = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2
    = 4 V + 10 V
    = 14 V

    Answer:
    The potential difference across both resistors together is 14 V.
    3) The circuit in the diagram consists of two resistors in series. What is the
    total resistance of the two resistors?

    Given:
    •R1= 5 ohms
    •R2= 7 ohms

    Formula:
    Rtotal = R1 + R2 + R3 + ... + Rn

    Solution: To find the total resistance of the two resistors, we simply add their values
    together.
    Rtotal = R1 + R2
    Rtotal = 5 Ω + 7 Ω
    Rtotal = 12 Ω

    Answer: The total resistance of the two resistors in the circuit is 12 Ω.

    BATTERIES

    PROBLEM 1: Find the terminal potential difference of a cell when it is


    connected to a 9-ohm load with cell emf = 2 Volts and resistance (internal) 1
    ohm?

    Solution: Given, emf =2

    External resistance = 9 ohm

    Internal resistance = 1 ohm

    Since, I = V/R

    And R = External resistance + Internal resistance = 9 + 1 = 10 Ohm

    Now, I = 2/10 = 0.2 Ampere

    e = V + Ir

    2=V+ (0.2)1

    V =2-0.2

    Therefore, the external resistor gets, V = 1.8 Volts.


    PROBLEM 2: The potential difference across the cell when no current flows
    through the circuit is 3 V. When the current I = 0.37 Ampere is flowing, the
    terminal potential difference falls to 2.8 Volts. Determine the internal resistance
    (r) of the cell?

    Solution:

    e = V + Ir

    Or, e – V = Ir

    Or, (e – V)/I = r

    Therefore, r = (3.0 – 2.8)/0.37 = 0.54 Ohm.

    4.
    Emf and Internal resistance

    5) Consider an electrical circuit with a potential difference of 7V, with a current of 3 A. If the
    internal resistance of the battery used is 0.6 ohms. Then, determine the EMF of the circuit
    using the EMF formula.
    6) The potential difference developed across the cell when no current flows through the
    circuit that is 3 V. When the current I = 0.37 A starts flowing then the terminal potential
    difference is 2.8 Volts. Determine the Internal Resistance denoted by letter r of the cell?

    AMMETER AND VOLTMETER IDENTIFICATION

    1. It measures how much voltage is passing between two points

    Answer: Voltmeter

    2-3.Types of voltmeter instrument

    Answer: Analog Voltmeter

    Digital Voltmeter

    4. the electric charge flows in one direction.

    Answer: Direct Current

    5. The Electric charge changes direction periodically.

    Answer: Alternating Current

    6. It is a device for measuring the electric current through a wire or a circuit

    element and is always connected in series.

    Answer: Ammeter
    7-8. The word ammeter is derived from this two words.

    Answer: Ampere

    meter

    9. Ideal resistance of ammeter.

    Answer: zero resistance

    10. TRUE OR FALSE. Ammeter only measures direct current.

    Answer: False

    JOCEL’S ACTIVITY_KIRCCHHOFF’S RULES

    1. If R1= 2 Ω, R2= 4 Ω, R3= 6 Ω, determine the electric current flows in the circuit
    below.
    Solution:

    According to the kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL) - the sum of all voltages around a closed loop
    in any circuit must be equal to zero.
    Let us assume the direction of current (I) in the loop is clockwise.
    Using Kirchoff's law's sign conventions as shown below:

    Starting from Battery E2 and going clockwise to applying KVL.


    −E2−(I×R1)+E1−(I×R2)−(I×R3)=0
    Substituting the value of resistances.
    −3−(I×2)+9−(I×4)−(I×6)=0
    6−(12I)=0
    12I=6
    I=6/12
    I=0.5 A

    As the direction current comes out to be positive. So, the direction of current will be
    the same as assumed direction.
    Hence, 0.5 A current will flow in the circuit in clockwise direction.

    2. Find current i3 at the node shown below.


    Solution

    Currents i1 and i2 are flowing into the node and currents i3 and i4 are flowing out of the
    node. Apply Kirchhoff's law of current at the given node.
    i1+i2 = i3+i4

    Substitute the known quantities


    2+9=i3+4

    Solve for i3
    i3=7 A

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