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SQL Lab - Trigger

The document defines a trigger that fires after inserts on the orders table. The trigger gets the username of the user performing the insert and inserts a record into the orders_audit table with the new order details and username. An error occurs because the orders_audit table has not been defined.

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priya n

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

37 views

SQL Lab - Trigger

Uploaded by

priya n

Available Formats

Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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SQL> CREATE TABLE orders

2 ( order_id number(5),
3 quantity number(4),
4 cost_per_item number(6,2),
5 total_cost number(8,2),
6 create_date date,
7 created_by varchar2(10)
8 );

Table created.

SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf

1 CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER orders_before_insert

2 BEFORE INSERT
3 ON orders
4 FOR EACH ROW
5 DECLARE
6 v_username varchar2(10);
7 BEGIN
8 -- Find username of person performing INSERT into table
9 SELECT user INTO v_username
10 FROM dual;
11 -- Update create_date field to current system date
12 :new.create_date := sysdate;
13 -- Update created_by field to the username of the person performing the INSERT
14 :new.created_by := v_username;
15* END;
16 /

Trigger created.

SQL> insert into orders values(101,4,3,12,'','');

1 row created.

SQL> select * from orders

2 ;

ORDER_ID QUANTITY COST_PER_ITEM TOTAL_COST CREATE_DA CREATED_BY

---------- ---------- ------------- ---------- --------- ----------
101 4 3 12 11-SEP-21 SYSTEM

SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf

1* insert into orders values(102,3,3,9,'','');

2 /
insert into orders values(102,3,3,9,'','');
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00911: invalid character

SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf

1* insert into orders values(102,3,3,9,'','');

SQL> /
insert into orders values(102,3,3,9,'','');
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00911: invalid character

SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf

1* insert into orders values(102,3,3,9,'','')

SQL> /

1 row created.

SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf

1 CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER orders_after_insert

2 AFTER INSERT
3 ON orders
4 FOR EACH ROW
5 DECLARE
6 v_username varchar2(10);
7 BEGIN
8 -- Find username of person performing the INSERT into the table
9 SELECT user INTO v_username
10 FROM dual;
11 -- Insert record into audit table
12 INSERT INTO orders_audit
13 ( order_id,
14 quantity,
15 cost_per_item,
16 total_cost,
17 username )
18 VALUES
19 ( :new.order_id,
20 :new.quantity,
21 :new.cost_per_item,
22 :new.total_cost,
23 v_username );
24* END;
25 /

Warning: Trigger created with compilation errors.

SQL> insert into orders values(103,4,4,16,'','');

insert into orders values(103,4,4,16,'','')
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-04098: trigger 'SYSTEM.ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT' is invalid and failed
re-validation

SQL> SELECT * FROM USER_TRIGGERS;

TRIGGER_NAME TRIGGER_TYPE
------------------------------ ----------------
TRIGGERING_EVENT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE_OWNER BASE_OBJECT_TYPE TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------------
COLUMN_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REFERENCING_NAMES
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WHEN_CLAUSE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STATUS
--------
DESCRIPTION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ACTION_TYPE
-----------
TRIGGER_BODY
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CROSSED BEF BEF AFT AFT INS FIR APP
------- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT AFTER EACH ROW

SQL> SELECT TRIGGER_NAME FROM USER_TRIGGERS;

TRIGGER_NAME
------------------------------
ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT
ORDERS_BEFORE_INSERT
REPCATLOGTRIG
DEF$_PROPAGATOR_TRIG

SQL> ed ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT

SQL> show ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT

SP2-0735: unknown SHOW option beginning "ORDERS_AFT..."
SQL> select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TRIGGER','MY_TRG',user) from dual;
ERROR:
ORA-31603: object "MY_TRG" of type TRIGGER not found in schema "SYSTEM"
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_METADATA", line 4018
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_METADATA", line 5843
ORA-06512: at line 1

no rows selected

SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf

1* select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TRIGGER','ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT',user) from dual

SQL> /
DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TRIGGER','ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT',USER)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER "SYSTEM"."ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT"

AFTER INSERT
ON

SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf

1* select text from user_source where name='&trig_name' and type='TRIGGER';

SQL> /
Enter value for trig_name: ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT
old 1: select text from user_source where name='&trig_name' and type='TRIGGER';
new 1: select text from user_source where name='ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT' and type='TRIGGER';
select text from user_source where name='ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT' and type='TRIGGER';
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00911: invalid character

SQL> SHOW LONG

long 80
SQL> SET LONG 20000
SQL> SHOW LONG
long 20000
SQL> select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TRIGGER','ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT',user) from dual;

DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TRIGGER','ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT',USER)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER "SYSTEM"."ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT"

AFTER INSERT
ON orders
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
v_username varchar2(10);
BEGIN
-- Find username of person performing the INSERT into the table
SELECT user INTO v_username
FROM dual;

DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TRIGGER','ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT',USER)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Insert record into audit table
INSERT INTO orders_audit
( order_id,
quantity,
cost_per_item,
total_cost,
username )
VALUES
( :new.order_id,
:new.quantity,
:new.cost_per_item,

DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TRIGGER','ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT',USER)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
:new.total_cost,
v_username );
END;
ALTER TRIGGER "SYSTEM"."ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT" ENABLE

SQL>

SQL> select TRIGGER_NAME FROM USER_TRIGGERS;

TRIGGER_NAME
------------------------------
ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT
ORDERS_BEFORE_INSERT
REPCATLOGTRIG
DEF$_PROPAGATOR_TRIG

SQL> DROP TRIGGER ORDERS_BEFORE_INSERT

2 ;

Trigger dropped.

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SQL Lab - Trigger

Uploaded by

SQL Lab - Trigger

Uploaded by

SQL> CREATE TABLE orders

1 CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER orders_before_insert

SQL> insert into orders values(101,4,3,12,'','');

SQL> select * from orders

ORDER_ID QUANTITY COST_PER_ITEM TOTAL_COST CREATE_DA CREATED_BY

1* insert into orders values(102,3,3,9,'','');

1* insert into orders values(102,3,3,9,'','');

1* insert into orders values(102,3,3,9,'','')

1 CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER orders_after_insert

Warning: Trigger created with compilation errors.

SQL> insert into orders values(103,4,4,16,'','');

SQL> SELECT * FROM USER_TRIGGERS;

SQL> SELECT TRIGGER_NAME FROM USER_TRIGGERS;

SQL> show ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT

1* select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TRIGGER','ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT',user) from dual

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER "SYSTEM"."ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT"

1* select text from user_source where name='&trig_name' and type='TRIGGER';

SQL> SHOW LONG

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER "SYSTEM"."ORDERS_AFTER_INSERT"

SQL> select TRIGGER_NAME FROM USER_TRIGGERS;

SQL> DROP TRIGGER ORDERS_BEFORE_INSERT

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