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Salt Analysis 1

The salt analyzed was found to contain NH4+ and CO32- ions based on the following observations: (1) Tests showed the absence of common metal ions but the presence of ammonia upon heating, indicating NH4+. (2) Bubbling gas through limewater and adding BaCl2 produced a white precipitate soluble in HCl, confirming CO32-. (3) Further tests with sodium hydroxide and HCl produced ammonia gas and white fumes with Nessler's reagent, reconfirming the presence of NH4+. The salt was therefore identified as ammonium carbonate, NH4CO3.

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61 views3 pages

Salt Analysis 1

The salt analyzed was found to contain NH4+ and CO32- ions based on the following observations: (1) Tests showed the absence of common metal ions but the presence of ammonia upon heating, indicating NH4+. (2) Bubbling gas through limewater and adding BaCl2 produced a white precipitate soluble in HCl, confirming CO32-. (3) Further tests with sodium hydroxide and HCl produced ammonia gas and white fumes with Nessler's reagent, reconfirming the presence of NH4+. The salt was therefore identified as ammonium carbonate, NH4CO3.

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Porkodi M
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SALT ANALYSIS I

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATIONS INFERENCE


Preliminary Tests Absence of Cu2+, Fe2+,
i)Colour Colourless Ni2+, Mn2+
Colour of the given
salt was observed
ii)Smell
A pinch of the salt Ammoniacal smell NH4+ may be present
was taken between
fingers and rubbed
with a drop of water
iii)Dry heating test A colourless gas with The gas evolved is
A pinch of salt was ammoniacal smell is evolved ammonia. This may be
taken in a dry test due to the presence of
test tube and heated. NH4 +.
iv)FLAME TEST No characteristic flame was Absence of
Salt was made into observed. Ca2+,Sr2+,Ba2+,Pb2+,Zn2+
paste with con.HCl
and introduced in the
flame using a glass
rod.

v) Dilute sulphuric
acid test: A colourless, odourless gas The gas evolved is CO2.
2mL of dilute with brisk effervescence was This may be due to the
sulphuric acid was evolved. presence of CO32- .
added to salt taken in
the test tube.
vi) Con. Sulphuric
acid test: No Characteristic gas was Absence of Cl-,Br-,NO3-,
To the salt in the test evolved. CH3COO-
tube Con.Sulphuric
acid was added and
warmed.
Tests for
Independent
Radicals
vi) BaCl2 test:
A small amount of the A white precipitate soluble in Indicates the presence
salt was boiled with con HCl is obtained. of CO3 2- .
dilHCl and filtered. To
the filterate 2mL of
BaCl2 solution was
SALT ANALYSIS I

added.
vii) Ammonium
Molybdate test: No characteristic precipitate . Absence of PO43-
A pinch of salt was
boiled with con
HNO3. Excess of
Ammonium
molybdate solution
was added to it.

Confirmatory test for carbonate ion,CO3 2-


If the salt dissolve
in water, soluble
carbonate is
indicated
1)Dil HCl Test Brisk effervescence and The gas evolved is CO2.
To take one portion evolution of colourless and CO3 2- ion is confirmed.
of the solution dil. odourless gas that turns
HCl is added. limewater milky.

2)Barium chloride A white precipitate soluble in CO32- ion is confirmed.


test con. HCl is obtained.
To another portion of
the salt solution
barium chloride
solution is added
followed hy HCl
GROUP ANALYSIS
Analysis of Group-
Zero (NH4 + )
To a small amount of A colourless gas with Presence of Group Zero
solid salt taken in a Characteristic ammoniacal (NH4 +).
test tube, some smell is evolved.
concentrated solution The gas evolved is NH3
of sodium hydroxide is
added and heated.
Confirmation of NH4+
1)To a small amount of
solid salt taken in a A gas with ammoniacal smell
test tube, add some is evolved.
concentrated solution The gas evolved is NH3
SALT ANALYSIS I

of sodium hydroxide
and heat the contents. Presence of NH4 + is
Bring a glass rod White fumes is produced. confirmed.
dipped in dil. HCl near The gas evolved is ammonia
the mouth of the test which gives white fumes with
tube. HCl due to the formation of
NH4Cl.
2)Nessler’s Reagent
test: When the gas
evolved in the above Brown precipitate is formed. Presence of NH4 + is
test is passed through . confirmed.
Nessler's reagent
taken in a test tube
RESULT:
Cation : NH4+
Anion: CO32-

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