Observation #7&8

EXPERIMENT 7
DISCUSSION:
CRITIC GUIDE QUESTION:
1. What is the purpose of shrinkage limit?

- To analyze the swelling and shrinkage qualities of cohesive soil, one must know this limit.
The shrinkage factor aids in solving design issues for structures built on or supported by this
soil. It aids in determining whether soil is suitable for use as a building material for dams,
embankments, highways, and foundations. The shrinkage limit can also be used to
determine the condition of the provided soil. (Ivanka Netinger Grubeša et al. 2016)
Ivanka Netinger Grubeša et al. 2016, The Indian experience of steel slag application in civil
engineering, retrieved from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/shrinkage-
limit#:~:text=This%20limit%20is%20needed%20for,roads%2C%20embankments%2C%20and
%20dams.
2. What is the other method of determining the shrinkage limit? Which is more prevalent the wax
method or the other method? Explain your answer.
- The four techniques used to determine the shrinkage limit were the mercury, wax,
Casagrande and linear shrinkage tests; the two newer techniques employed were
designated as the dimension and density and the reverse extrusion tests. The results of
each method –dimension and density, the reverse extrusion, Casagrande and linear
shrinkage– were compared with those of the mercury and wax methods. The best estimates
were obtained from the comparison between the dimension and density and the two
standard techniques, namely the mercury and wax methods.
- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
275828916_Evaluation_of_the_Two_Newly_Proposed_Methods_for_Shrinkage_Limit#:~:te
xt=The%20four%20techniques%20used%20to,and%20the%20reverse%20extrusion
%20tests.
-
3. Enumerate and explain probable sources of errors for this experiment.
OBSERVATION AND CONCLUSION:
EXPERIMENT 8
DISCUSSION:
CRITIC GUIDE QUESTION:
1. Why does the soil need to be in the densest state when placed as an engineered fill?
- The density of a soil is often used as an indirect description of the quality of the soil and is
often a parameter to determine the mechanical properties of the soil although the density
of soil is not a mechanical property. The quality of the soil is crucial to ensuring the quality
of the final product. The specifications of the density of a material are directly related in
engineering terms to the future use of the fill. Suitable materials are defined as having an
appropriate density which prevents the risk of collapse and excessive settlement of the soil.
For instance, in an earthquake prone area, the density of the fill mass and of the subsoil is
crucial in determining if the fill has sufficient resistance against liquefaction.
(https://www.iadc-dredging.com/subject/dredging-terminology/density/#:~:text=The
%20density%20of%20a%20soil%20is%20often%20used%20as%20an,quality%20of%20the
%20final%20product.)
2. Give the importance of determining the maximum dry unit weight in the laboratory.
- To check if an earth or rock fill has been compacted to the intended or required density or
unit weight, in-place density or unit weight tests are conducted on the soil to ascertain the
undisturbed or in-place soil parameters. The tests are frequently carried out to gather data
for estimating soil loads or pressures inside or exerted by a soil mass. By giving data for
estimating volume disparities between excavated volume and the volume of the compacted
fill regions, these test techniques also help in the control and management of the borrow
area.
3. Enumerate and explain the possible sources of errors in this experiment.
- when measuring the weights of the soil sample. A wrong value might have been read from
the digital balance.
- Another error might have occurred when counting the number of blows when compacting.
This also affects the accuracy of our results.
- Another source of error is the loss of moisture content when taking soil samples and placing
them into the moisture cans.
OBSERVATION AND CONCLUSION:

Observation #7&8

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EXPERIMENT 7

CRITIC GUIDE QUESTION:

1. What is the purpose of shrinkage limit?

OBSERVATION AND CONCLUSION:

CRITIC GUIDE QUESTION:

OBSERVATION AND CONCLUSION:

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