Important Questions Chemistry

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS CHEMISTRY: -
UNIT 1: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY

1 MARK QUESTIONS:
1. What are the basic constituents of matter?

➢ Atoms and Molecules are basic constituents of matter.
2. Mention any two life-saving drugs.

➢ Cisplatin and Taxol are two life saving drugs.
3. Name the drug used in the treatment of AIDS.

➢ AZT (Azidothymidine) used for helping AIDS victims.
4. Name the drug used in the cancer therapy.

➢ Cisplatin is used in the cancer therapy.
5. Which chemical is responsible for depletion of Ozone?

➢ CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons) is responsible for depletion of ozone.
6. Name the SI unit of density.

➢ Kg/m3 is SI unit of density.
7. Define significant figure.

➢ Significant figures are meaningful digits which are know with certainty.
8. What is atomic mass unit?

➢ An atomic mass unit is defined as accurately 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom.
9. What is the value of 1 a.m.u?

➢ 1.66 x 10-24g is the value of 1 amu.
10. What is limiting reagent?

➢ The reactant that is entirely used up in a reaction is called limiting reagent.
2 MARKS QUESTIONS:
1. What is the importance of chemistry in daily life?

➢ Chemistry plays an important role in meeting human needs for food, health care products and other
materials aimed at improving the quality of life. This is exemplified by the large scale production of a
variety of fertilizers, improved varieties of pesticides. Many life saving drugs such Cisplatin and Taxol
are effective in cancer therapy and AZT used for helping AIDS victims.
2. What is homogeneous mixture? Give an example.
➢ In a homogeneous mixture, the components completely mix with each other and its composition is
uniform throughout. Eg: Sugar solution and air.
3. What is heterogeneous mixture? Give an example.

➢ In a heterogeneous mixture, the composition is not uniform throughout and sometimes the different
components can be observed. Eg: the mixture of salt and sugar, grains and pulses.
4. Define mass and weight.

➢ Mass of a substance is the amount of matter present in it while weight is the force exerted by gravity
on an object.
5. Express the following into scientific notation. a) 0.00016 , b) 33693.68

➢ a) 1.6 x 10-4 , b) 3.369368 x 104
6. Define precision and accuracy.

➢ Precision refers to the closeness of various measurements for the same quantity.
Accuracy is the agreement of a particular value to the true value of the result.
7. How many significant figures are present in the following? a) 6.005 b) 6.002 x 1023
➢ A) 4 significant figures , B) 4 significant figures.
8. State the law of conservation of mass and who proposed it?

➢ “It states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed” and it was proposed by Antoine Lavoisier.
9. State Law of Definite proportion.

➢ This law was given by Joseph Proust. He stated that “a given compound always contains exactly the
same proportion of elements by weight”.
10. State Law of Multiple proportions.

➢ This law was proposed by Dalton. According to law, “if two elements can combine to form more than
one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element are in
the ratio of small whole numbers.”
11. State Gay Lussac’s law of Gaseous volumes.

➢ This law was given by Gay Lussac. He observed that “when gases combine or are produced in a
chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio by volume provided all gases are at same temperature
and pressure”.
12. State Avogadro Law.

➢ Avogadro proposed that “equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure should contain
equal number of molecules”.
13. What are isotopes? Mention the isotopes of carbon.
➢ Isotopes are defined as the atoms of the same element, having the same atomic number but different
mass number. There are three isotopes of carbon: Carbon-12, Carbon-13, and Carbon-14.
The atomic masses of the isotopes are 12, 13, and 14.
14. A plastic Jug contains 3.5 L of milk, calculate the volume of milk in meter3.
➢ 1L=1000cm3 and 1cm3=10-6 m3
Therefore, 3.5L = 0.0035 m3
15. How many seconds are there in 3 days?

➢ 72000 s
16. How many moles of methane required to produce 88 g of CO2 after combustion?
➢ Chemical Equation: CH₄+ 2 O₂ -------------> CO₂ + 2H₂O
now,
molecular mass of CO₂ = 12 + 2 * 16 = 44 gm
By Chemical equation,
1 mole of CH₄ on complete combustion produces 1mole (44gm) of CO₂.
∴ moles of CH₄ required to produce 88gm CO₂ = 88 / 44 = 2 moles.
So, moles of methane required to produce 88g of CO₂ after combustion = 2 moles.
4 MARKS QUESTIONS:
1. Write any four postulates of Dalton's atomic theory
➢ The postulates of this theory may be stated as follows:
(i) All matter is made of very tiny particles called atoms.
(ii) Atoms are indivisible particles, which cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
(iii) Atoms of a given element are identical in mass and chemical properties.
(iv) Atoms of different elements have different masses and chemical properties.
(v) Atoms combine in the ratio of small whole numbers to form compounds.
(vi) The relative number and kinds of atoms are constant in a given compound.
2. An Organic compound contains 57.14% of carbon, 6.16% Hydrogen, 9.52%Nitrogen
27.18% oxygen. Calculate the empirical formula and molecular formula, if its molecular
mass is 294.3 gm/mole.
3. Compound contains 4.07% Hydrogen 24.27% Carbon and 71.65%chlorine. Its molecular
mass is 98.96 gm what are its empirical formula and molecular formula?
➢
step 1
Divide the given percentages of atoms with their molecular masses
H---4.07/1 =4.07
C---24.27/12 =2.02
Cl--71.65/35.5=2.01
step 2
divide all values with the lowest value obtained.
H---4.07/2.01=2
C---2.02/2.01=1
Cl---2.01/2.01=1
therefore the empirical formula is
CH2Cl
WEIGHT OF EMPIRICAL FORMULA=12+2+35.5=49.5
Given molecular weight =98.96 which is double of empirical weight. Therefore molecular
formula is C2H4Cl2.
4. An organic substance containing carbon Hydrogen and oxygen gave the percentage
composition as C=40.687%, H=5.085% and 0=54.228%.The vapour density of the compound
is 59 calculate the molecular formula of the compound.
Consider →100 g of compound
Masses Molar mass Moles Ratios Ratio
C 40.3687 12 3.3916 3.4/3.4=1 2
H 5.085 1 5.085 5.1/3.4=1.5 3
O 54.228 16 3.392 3.4/3.4=1 2
Emperical formula =C2H2O2
Emperical mass =2×12+3×1+2×16
=24+3+32
=59
Molecular mass =2×vapor density =2×59=118

n=M.M/ E.M
=118/59 =2
Molecular formula =n×E.F=2×C2H3O2

=C4H6O4

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IMPORTANT QUESTIONS CHEMISTRY: -

UNIT 1: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY

1. What are the basic constituents of matter?

2. Mention any two life-saving drugs.

3. Name the drug used in the treatment of AIDS.

4. Name the drug used in the cancer therapy.

5. Which chemical is responsible for depletion of Ozone?

6. Name the SI unit of density.

7. Define significant figure.

8. What is atomic mass unit?

9. What is the value of 1 a.m.u?

10. What is limiting reagent?

1. What is the importance of chemistry in daily life?

3. What is heterogeneous mixture? Give an example.

4. Define mass and weight.

5. Express the following into scientific notation. a) 0.00016 , b) 33693.68

6. Define precision and accuracy.

8. State the law of conservation of mass and who proposed it?

9. State Law of Definite proportion.

10. State Law of Multiple proportions.

11. State Gay Lussac’s law of Gaseous volumes.

12. State Avogadro Law.

15. How many seconds are there in 3 days?

➢ Chemical Equation: CH₄+ 2 O₂ -------------> CO₂ + 2H₂O

∴ moles of CH₄ required to produce 88gm CO₂ = 88 / 44 = 2 moles.

Molecular mass =2×vapor density =2×59=118

Molecular formula =n×E.F=2×C2H3O2

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