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Mohan raj Natarajan

April 18, 2014 | 9 minute read

Standard Value calculation Via CAPP- an Overview

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CAPP –Computer Aided Process Planning Overview

 Like                                       (Author: N. Mohan Raj,  Chennai)

Introduction:
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This White paper explains briefly on the standard value calculation via CAPP. Basically, CAPP is one of the master data element in Production
planning module.

Main objective of the document is to explain the basic concept of CAPP with Business examples as well as sap Process flow. Best attempt has
been made to explain key settings, advantages, Disadvantages & Limitations of CAPP. I would also update versions based on feedback and
comments of SDN experts and consultants on this topic accordingly in future.

CAPP can be carried out for Discrete Manufacturing or PP-PI or REM. However this document limits to Discrete Manufacturing only.

Applies to: ECC 6.0, Sap R/3 4.6

Need for Computer Aided Process Planning:

Standard values are used in scheduling, capacity planning and costing to determine dates, capacity requirements and costs. Standard values can
be determined in several ways:

·         conventional procedure for determining times (for example, time studies, estimating, polling)
·         sampling and statistical procedures for determining times (for example, period time sheets)
·         calculation methods (for example, MTM, WF and planned times)

In contrast to the procedures listed above, CAPP is a mathematical procedure using formulas and methods.

Structure of standard value calculation via CAPP follows below sequence

Work center (Tech data) >>>> Processes >>>>Methods >>>>Formula

Basics of CAPP elements:

Characteristics and tables serve as the basis for calculating standard values with CAPP. They are used in CAPP elements.

A characteristic describes any detail or feature of an object, such as the length of a screw or the depth of a casing. Characteristics are used in
formulas for calculating standard values. They are also used in classification.
Data in tables can be used calculating standard values. Tables consist of key fields (for example, plant and work center) and one or more
values in the function section of the table, which refer to the key fields. Tables are classified as General Tables, Table for Work center, Matrix
Table and Database Table.

Note: This document covers only characteristic based calculation for ease understanding purpose.

Business scenario:
Let us take a simple Business scenario in a company.  For a new product, company has commissioned a new drilling machine (work center). So
Product routing will have drilling operation which will be carried out in the new drilling machine. Company requested to do standard value
calculation via CAPP method for setup and Machining and also needs to be updated in Routing using Engineering formula.

Calculation sample from Engineering:

1.       Setup time = Basic time + ( Number of Tools * variable time ) with 10% Excess factor

So Final setup time formula = (Basic time + (Number of tools *variable time)) * 1.1

Ex:  Set up time = (10 + (2 *5)) * 1.1 = 22 min

2.       Machining time  = ( Number of drillings * Drill depth )/ drill speed

Ex:  Machining Time = (6 * 4) / 8 = 3 min

Let us do standard value calculation via CAPP method 

Sap Process Flow of CAPP:

A. Configuration:

A.1 Work center Setting:

IMG path:
Production –> Basic data –> work center –> setup work center sequence
Activate Technical data tab for work center category say 0001

A.2 CAPP  specific  Setting:

IMG path:
Production –> Basic data –> capp –> Define sort string, value type, machine type, planner group, control parameters
Purpose: CAPP specific configuration
a.Sortstring  & Machine Type  ( Information  purpose only )  :    

b.Value Type   ( Mapping of value type to Standard value parameter – Important one  ) :
 c.Planner group :

d.Control Parameter     ( Defining increment and calculation Type   ) :

Pre requisite:

    All formula characteristics must be predefined in CT04

     Unit and decimal, format has to be taken care.

Master Data:

1. CAPP Formula (Tcode: CE11):

Create Engineering Formula as per requirement for both setup & Machining. Refer below

Set up – CAPPTEST; Machining – CAPPMACH

Example :  Formula – capptest ,status – 1 (active )

Formula ( 3 lines will be there )

(Basic time + (Tools * var time )) * 1.1 .

Please note Basic time , tools , var time are defined as char already .

2. Method (Tcode: CE21)

Create a calculation method to link Formula and valuation type configured.

Note:

·         capptest method will have CAPPTEST formula & cappmach method will have its formula
·         Keep method status as active (1)

3. Processes (Tcode: CE31):

Now create process which will link method or methods.

Note:

·         Each process has allocated with method ( CAPPTEST PROCESS >>>CAPPTEST METHOD )
·         Also , activate process status to 1

4. Work center – Technology view (CR01 / CR02)

 ·         Create or Update work center (CAPP01) with Technical data in Technology tab
·         Additional values or rounding is not mandatory
·         No of Processes must be minimum 1. For initial setup , assign process as defined below

After assignment of processes , click consistency check. There should not be any error .

5. Routing (Tcode: CA01)

·         Now create routing for the material and assign above work center CAPP01
   Check operation details – You will find setup or machine std value is blank initially

Execution of Capp :

CAPP execution has to be done step by step as below

1.       Simulation

2.       CAPP  calculation – Routing & Updation

3.       Production order or planned order creation with CAPP calculation

Let us illustrate steps in details

1. Simulation:

Main Purpose of simulation is to verify and validate CAPP formula, method, process and its calculation are correct and in sync.

This is to ensure standard value calculation for either machine time or setup time or any time is being done @ work center as per engineering
calculation

Tcode: CE41

Enter plant , work center ,process & method for simulation

Enter dummy or trial values in the fields and click next screen

Result of simulation will be populated and click next screen

Final sub calculation is shown below

Note: same can be repeated for other formula

2. CAPP calculation – Routing & Updation:

Tcode: CA02

Change routing: select operation and click Extras –> capp à  manual selection
System will show processes assigned to work center. Select all processes and click next screen

Enter expected values for calculation and click to next screen till end

Repeat for another formula also

Finally, you will get message “Last selected process xxxx has been completed “and save it as below
Result:

Now check operation in routing where you find values of setup and machine updated automatically .

Also , you can note calculation type and year calculated is also updated for Referance under “determination of std values”

3. Production order or planned order creation with CAPP calculation:

Scenario 1:  No Link to Production order:

If you don’t want to recalculate standard values again during production order creation, keep capp order as blank in Routing header. In simple
words, standard values available in routing operation will be retained in production order
Create production order

Check standard values Tab in operation. CAPP values in Routing is copied without any change
Scenario 2:  Link to Production order:

If in case you want to change standard values while creating production order due to any reason , then link between routing to production order
has to be established . This means, when order is created, system will propose standard values with fields for user to change and save new value
in order

Master data setup for linkage – change Routing header > CAPP ORDER Field as 2 as below

Now create production order via co01, system will pop up screen with current standard values.
Let user change values as below

Number of drillings from 8 to 10, depth from 5 to 6

Go to next screen, system proposes result based on new values as below

Same can be done for another formula also with new values if needed .
 Final summary of result is shown.

Now click back screen to order and save order

Result:

1.       Refer system status  – CAPP which means std values calculated via CAPP

Check Standard values in operation which shows new calculated values

 *** CAPP calculation which is carried out for the order above will not change routing master values.

This concludes the complete cycle of CAPP scenario in PP.

Key Points summary:

CAPP calculation of standard values can be done for Routing or Ref operation set
Standard values calculation can be done automatically if process & method marked standard indicator.
Capp calculation can be done for variant configuration also for operation
If SVK is missing in work center , standard values calculation cannot be carried out
Sub operation standard values can also be calculated.
You cannot calculate value types for standard values if it was specified in the work center that they must not or should not be entered
If the base quantity of the operation deviates from that of the method, then the method result calculated is converted to the base quantity of
the operation during a standard value calculation.

Conclusion:
In General, CAPP is an excellent method for calculating standard values of each work center during initial setup of production line. This CAPP tool
can be used for initial simulation & freezing final value by trial and Error. Computer-aided process planning is a link between design and
manufacturing in a computer-integrated manufacturing  environment. Commonly used by manufacturing engineers, CAPP can be used to
develop a product manufacturing plan based on projected variables such as cost, lead times, equipment availability, production volumes,
potential material substitution routings and testing requirements.

However, usage of CAPP tool in sap looks very limited or might be not explored by customer in big way …. Still reason is unknown!!!

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Assigned Tags

MAN Production Planning (PP) | capp

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5 Comments

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Former Member
April 18, 2014 at 11:05 am

Hi Mohan,

Good document and well explained. Keep sharing 

Regards,

Narresh

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Former Member
June 10, 2014 at 6:54 am

Dear Mohan Raj,

Great Effort..much appreciated ! keep sharing

Regards

Engr. Qazi Raheel Ahmed

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Sahil Bhardwaj
June 10, 2014 at 11:48 am

Hello Mohan,

Thanks for sharing the document, very informative

Regards

Sahil Bhardwaj

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Former Member
June 24, 2016 at 6:25 am

It a wonderful material that you have put up. As customers like me are new to the SAP environment we are not aware of the full potential of PP. Though we have put up
requirements like machine scheduling and lead time analysis; the consultants come back empty handed. They also deliberately avoid during L2 and L3 about the tabs of
capacity and scheduling part in the work center creation. In-fact I did a lot of digging and finally got to know there is something called work center hierarchy and helps in
managing capacity. On a lighter side (BUT SERIOUSLY) the consultant told to create n number of routing based on the n number machines for a material.

Finally this material will be forwarded to my management and get the feed back from the consultant.

Thank You very much.

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 Former Member
August 23, 2017 at 10:26 am

Hi,

I wonder if that kind of PP via CAPP method is the right for us, as we have some 15.000 different materials going trough production yearly? Does it mean that we have to
define 15.000 different calculations?

Can you give me any tip?

Thanks a lot

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