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All The Topology and Their Funtions

This document discusses different network topologies and their functions: - Bus topology connects all devices to a main cable via drop lines and has simple installation. - Mesh topology uses dedicated point-to-point links between each device, only carrying data between two devices. - Ring topology uses two dedicated point-to-point links to connect each device to the two devices on either side, creating a ring to forward data. - Star topology connects each device to a central hub, so devices can only communicate indirectly through the hub. It then discusses the differences between metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN), including their speeds, sizes, fault tolerance, and maintenance complexity. Finally

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Rex Mike
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6 views6 pages

All The Topology and Their Funtions

This document discusses different network topologies and their functions: - Bus topology connects all devices to a main cable via drop lines and has simple installation. - Mesh topology uses dedicated point-to-point links between each device, only carrying data between two devices. - Ring topology uses two dedicated point-to-point links to connect each device to the two devices on either side, creating a ring to forward data. - Star topology connects each device to a central hub, so devices can only communicate indirectly through the hub. It then discusses the differences between metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN), including their speeds, sizes, fault tolerance, and maintenance complexity. Finally

Uploaded by

Rex Mike
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ALL THE TOPOLOGY AND THEIR FUNTIONS

There are several different logical and physical network topologies from which administrators
can choose to build a secure, robust, and easily maintainable topology. The most popular
configurations include:

Bus network topology -- Also known as backbone network topology, this configuration
connects all devices to a main cable via drop lines. The advantages of bus network topology lie
in its simplicity, as there is less cable required than in alternative topologies, which makes for
easy installation.

Mesh network topology -- A dedicated point-to-point link connects each device on the
network to another device on the network, only carrying data between two devices.

Ring network topology -- Two dedicated point-to-point links connect a device to the two
devices located on either side of it, creating a ring of devices through which data is forwarded
via repeaters until it reaches the target device.

Star network topology -- The most common network topology, star topology connects each
device in the network to a central hub. Devices can only communicate with each other indirectly
through the central hub.

Hybrid network topology -- Any combination of two or more topologies is a hybrid topology.

Tree network topology -- This topology consists of a parent-child hierarchy in which star
networks are interconnected via bus networks. Nodes branch out linearly from one root node,
and two connected nodes only share one mutual connection.
DIAGRAM OF HYBRID TOPOLOGY

Hybrid topology
DISTINGUISH BETWEEN WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN) AND
METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN)

A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is a medium-sized network but it covers a larger


area than a LAN. It often covers multiple cities or towns. In contrast, a Wide Area
Network (WAN) is a much larger network than LAN and MAN. A WAN in general is a
network of local area networks (LANs) that link to other LANs via telephone lines and
radio waves.

What is a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)?


A MAN is comparable to a local area network (LAN), with the only exception that a
MAN spans a larger geographical area. As a result, MANs are more extensive than
LANs but smaller than wide-area networks (WANs) that span enormous geographic
areas and connecting users worldwide.
MANs are often very efficient and can communicate quickly across high-speed carriers
like fiber optic cables. The advent of wireless and subsequent networking technologies,
on the other hand, has resulted in a profusion of signal delivery modalities throughout a
larger MAN area.
Because it is a medium-sized network, a MAN is excellent for a wide range of network
users. Cities and towns employ MANs to establish networks with high data connection
speeds.
A MAN's functioning mechanism is comparable to an Internet Service Provider (ISP),
but a single company does not own it. A MAN, like a WAN, offers its users with shared
network connections. A MAN primarily works on the data link layer of the Open
Systems Interconnection (OSI) paradigm, which is Layer 2.

What is a Wide Area Network (WAN)?


A WAN is a computer network that connects multiple locations across a large
geographic area, albeit it may be limited to the boundaries of a state or country. It can
be restricted to a single firm (a corporation or organization) or open to the public. The
technology is both high-speed and low-cost. A WAN is a network of local area networks
(LANs) that link to other LANs via telephone lines and radio waves.
WAN connections can include both wired and wireless technologies. Wired WAN
services include carrier Ethernet, commercial broadband Internet links, etc., whereas
wireless WAN technologies include cellular data networks like 4G LTE, public Wi-Fi,
satellite networks.
 Switched WAN and Point-to-Point WAN are the two forms of WAN. A switched
WAN is an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network, whereas a point-to-point
WAN is a dial-up connection linking a home computer to the Internet.
 Designing and maintaining a WAN is tough. A WAN's fault tolerance is lower than
a MAN's, and the network is more congested.
 PSTN or Satellite Link is a WAN communication medium.
 Noise and inaccuracy seem to be more prevalent in WANs due to long-distance
transmission.
 Because of the increased distance and number of servers and terminals, the data
rate of a WAN is about a tenth of that of a LAN. WAN speeds range from a few
kilobits per second (Kbps) to several megabits per second (Mbps) (Mbps).
One of the most severe issues here is propagation latency. Optic lines, microwaves,
and satellites are the devices utilized for data transmission over the WAN.

Difference between MAN and WAN


The following table highlights the major differences between a MAN and a WAN.

Key MAN WAN

MAN stands for Metropolitan Area WAN stands for Wide Area
Network. It is a medium-sized Network. It connects countries and
Definition
network that can cover a broad spans a broad geographic area. As
area such as cities and towns. an example, consider the Internet.

The speed of data transmission in The speed is less as compared to


Speed a MAN is higher than that of a MAN.
WAN.

Network Propagation Delay is Network Propagation Delay is high


Delay
average in MAN. in WAN.

MAN has moderate congestion as WAN has high congestion than


Congestion
compared to WAN. LAN.

Fault Fault Tolerance of MAN is higher Fault Tolerance of WAN is lower


Tolerance than WAN. than MAN.

Designing and maintaining a MAN Designing and maintaining a WAN


Maintenance is complex and costly. is more complex and costly than
MAN.
Conclusion
Both MAN and WAN are computer networks that differ in terms of the geographical
area they cover. MANs are medium-sized networks that cover a larger area than a
LAN. A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a much larger network than a LAN or a MAN.

DESCRIBING LINK AND ITS EFFECTIVENESS

Link definition
A link (or edge) of a network (or graph) is one of the connections between the nodes (or
vertices) of the network. Links can be directed, meaning they point from one node to the
next, as illustrated by the arrows in the first figure below. Links can also be undirected,
in which case they are bidirectional, as illustrated by the lines in the second figure,
below.

A directed network with 10 nodes (or vertices) and 13 links (or edges).
An undirected network with 10 nodes (or vertices) and 11 links (or edges).

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