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    74 Speaking

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    L.M. Yin
    The passage explains the biological concept of exaptation, where an animal species uses an existing physical feature for a new purpose to adapt to its environment. The lecture uses the example of a species of heron in Africa that uses its wings to block the sun and see fish more clearly in the water, illustrating how the her

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    74 Speaking

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    L.M. Yin
    75 views4 pages
    The passage explains the biological concept of exaptation, where an animal species uses an existing physical feature for a new purpose to adapt to its environment. The lecture uses the example of a species of heron in Africa that uses its wings to block the sun and see fish more clearly in the water, illustrating how the her

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    toefl TPO 74 speaking

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    74 speaking

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    The passage explains the biological concept of exaptation, where an animal species uses an existing physical feature for a new purpose to adapt to its environment. The lecture uses the example of a species of heron in Africa that uses its wings to block the sun and see fish more clearly in the water, illustrating how the her

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    75 views4 pages

    74 Speaking

    Uploaded by

    L.M. Yin
    The passage explains the biological concept of exaptation, where an animal species uses an existing physical feature for a new purpose to adapt to its environment. The lecture uses the example of a species of heron in Africa that uses its wings to block the sun and see fish more clearly in the water, illustrating how the her

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    关注微信公众号TD北美留学进化论 与20W+出国党一同奋斗

    TPO74 口语

    Task1
    Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
    Teenagers cause many problems for their parents.
    Use specific examples and details to support your opinion.

    Task2
    阅读部分：
    Limit Borrowing Period for Library Books

    Currently,students are permitted to borrow library books and take them


    home for one month before they have to return them. l think the university
    library should limit the borrowing period to two weeks. First of all, l think
    most students will agree that they do not need a whole month to read a
    book-two weeks is enough time. Plus students who are waiting for a book to
    be returned so they can use it won't have to wait as long as they do now.
    This way they won't fall behind with their assignments.

    Sincerely.
    Mark Jones

    听力文本：
    Now, listen to two students discussing the letter.

    M: Did you read this letter?


    F: Yes.
    M: He makes some good points.
    F: You think so? I don't agree with him.
    M: Why not?
    F: Well, to begin with, he's not thinking about how students actually use the
    books.
    M: What do you mean?
    F: Well, if you're using it to write a paper, even if it's possible to read the
    book quickly, you still need to hold on to it for reference. Like, say, you're
    working on a research paper. Over the course of a month, you may need to
    go back and refer to things in the book to figure out what you're gonna use in
    the paper.
    M: I guess that's true. It can take time if you're using it for research.
    F: Yeah, there's a whole process involved. And I don't like his other reason
    either.
    M: But sometimes students really need a book for an assignment and they
    can't wait.

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    关注微信公众号TD北美留学进化论 与20W+出国党一同奋斗

    F: That's true. But if students can't wait for a book, there's another way they
    can get it. They can order it from another library in the State University library
    system. It's called an inter library loan.
    M: How do you do that?
    F: Well, for an inter library loan, students can just go to the library and at our
    library and fill out a form. They put down the title and author of the book they
    want, and then our librarian finds it at another school's library, then that
    library sends it to ours. It only takes a few days.

    题 目 ： The woman expresses her opinion about the letter writer's proposal.
    Briefly summarize the proposal.Then state the woman's opinion and explain
    the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.

    Task3
    阅读内容：
    Exaptation

    The physical features of an animal's body usually serve a specific purpose-


    they function to increase the animal's chances of survival. But over time in
    response to a particular challenge in its environment an animal species will
    sometimes use one of its existing features for a new purpose. This is known
    as exaptation. By finding another use for one of its physical features
    exaptation allows animals to respond to additional challenges in their
    environment. The animal may continue to use the physical feature for its
    older purpose while also using it for the new purpose.

    听力文本：

    Now listen to part of a lecture from a biology class.

    So, okay, let me tell you about a great example of this. There's a bird, a type
    of heron that lives near rivers and marshes in Africa. Now this heron is a
    waiting bird. It spends most of its time walking around in shallow water. And
    during the day, it eats the fish that swim in the rivers and marshes. The
    trouble is though it can be pretty hard to see the fish with the sun shining on
    the water, because the sunlight creates a lot of glare and reflections, making
    it tough to see fish swimming below the surface.

    But over time, this species of heron has found a cool solution involving the
    use of its wings. Like most birds, the heron uses its wings for flying. But what
    happened is at some point in the past, the heron also started using its wings
    to block the sun, to create shade when it's looking for fish. It does this by
    putting its wings above its head and holding them there. While it looks down
    into the water, with its back to the sun and its wings above its head. The

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    关注微信公众号TD北美留学进化论 与20W+出国党一同奋斗

    wings form a kind of canopy or umbrella that blocks the sun and eliminate
    the glare on the water. So the heron is able to see the fish much better.

    题目：Explain how the example of the heron illustrates exaptation.

    Task4
    听力文本：
    Listen to part of a lecture in a business class.

    As you know, these days, people are becoming more and more conscious of
    how important it is to protect our natural environment, of how important it is
    to protect the atmosphere, the oceans, the soil, and so on.

    And so more and more companies have now implemented environmentally


    friendly business practices. That is they're running their businesses in ways
    that help protect the environment. For example, by conserving energy and
    preserving natural resources. And for business owners, there's some good
    news here. And that is that environmentally friendly business practices not
    only benefit the environment, but they can also benefit the businesses
    themselves, and they can do that in a couple of different ways.

    First, environmentally friendly practices can help businesses save money by


    reducing their operating costs by reducing the cost of running their business.
    For example, there's a coffee shop here in town and a couple of years ago,
    they decided they wanted to do something to help protect the environment.
    So they made a commitment to reduce their energy use. And so one thing
    they did was they changed the kind of light bulbs they were using. They
    replaced their regular light bulbs with special light bulbs that use less energy
    and last longer. So that was good for the environment and it was good for
    the coffee shop, because it's significantly reduced the amount of money they
    were spending on electricity each month.

    Environmentally friendly practices can also help businesses by making them


    more attractive to certain consumers. Because if a business helps protect the
    environment, consumers who are concerned about the environment are more
    likely to feel positive about that business and are more likely to spend money
    there.

    For example, uh, the coffee shop I was talking about, another thing they
    changed was they changed the kind of napkins and paper cups they were
    using. They began to use only napkins and cups made from recycled paper,
    because the new napkins and cups were manufactured from old, recycled
    paper. No one had to cut down any new trees to produce them. And so the
    coffee shop was helping to protect the environment. And the coffee shop
    then wisely started mentioning that in their advertising, and they started

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    关注微信公众号TD北美留学进化论 与20W+出国党一同奋斗

    drawing more customers who were concerned about protecting the


    environment.

    题 目 ： Using points and examples from the lecture, describe two ways that
    environmentally friendly business practices can benefit businesses.

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