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EE 390

Digital Systems Design


(Intro. to Embedded Systems)
Course Overview

Ali AlBeladi
Welcome to the World of Embedded Systems
• Welcome to the exciting world of microcontroller programming,
where you can turn your ideas into reality!

• Microcontrollers are small computers that are embedded in


everyday devices, such as cars, appliances, and medical
equipment. They are the brains behind these devices, controlling
their functions and enabling them to interact with the world
around them.

• As technology continues to advance, the demand for skilled


microcontroller programmers is on the rise. By learning how to
program microcontrollers, you will be equipped with the skills to
create innovative solutions to real-world problems and make a
positive impact on society.
Where can we find Embedded Systems?
Where can we find Embedded Systems?
Where can we find Embedded Systems?
Where can we find Embedded Systems?
How did it all start?
• Abacus (2500 BC) – helps with mathematical computations
• Clever computing devices (2500 BC – 1500 BC)
• Astrolabe – performing calculations related to timekeeping, celestial
observations, and navigation. (‫)البيروني – ابن السراج‬
• Slide rule – assisting with multiplication and division
• Clocks – to calculate, sunrise, tides, positions of celestial bodies, time
(‫)الجزري – ابن الهيثم‬

• Mathematics – Foundations of Math that are used in todays computers


(‫)الخوارزمي‬
The 1600 - 1900 AC
• Human Computers “Mechanical Calculators”
The 1800s
Charles Babbage
• Difference Machine – compute polynomials
• Analytical Engine
Babbage's designs for mechanical calculating machines, known as the
Analytical Engine, foreshadowed concepts we recognize in today's
computers.

George Boole
• Developed Boolean algebra, the foundation of digital logic and modern
computer science.
The early 1900s
The World Wars played a significant role in
propelling computing forward.
• Range Tables

John von Neumann


• Contributed to computer architecture and
the concept of stored-program
computers.

Alan Turing
• Alan Turing's groundbreaking work on the
Turing machine laid the foundation for
theoretical computer science.
The mid 1900s
Harvard Mark 1 Computer
• Built a computer based on
electromechanical switches (relays)
• First Bug!

Presper Eckert and John Mauchly


• built the first general-purpose
electronic digital computer (ENIAC)
and contributed to early computer
architecture

William Shockley, John Bardeen and


Walter Brattain. (1947)
• Inventors of the transistor, a
fundamental component of modern
electronics.
The late 1900s
The first generations of transistor-based microprocessors and
microcontrollers:
• Intel 4004 (1971)
• Intel 8080 (1973)
• Intel 8048 (1976)
• Intel 8086 (1978)
• Intel 8051 (1980)

These were used to develop some of the first personal computers


which helped in shaping the most of the technologies we see
these days
• Altair 8800 (1975)
• Apple (1978)
• Atari (1979)
The 8051 Architecture
• The 8051 microcontroller is a popular choice for embedded systems due to its versatility and ease
of use.
• It was first introduced by Intel in 1980 and has since become one of the most widely used
microcontrollers in the world.
• One of the key features of the 8051 architecture is its on-chip peripherals, which include timers,
serial communication ports, and interrupt controllers. These peripherals allow the microcontroller
to interface with other devices and perform complex tasks without the need for additional
hardware.

• Throughout the course, you can expect to engage in hands-on activities and projects that will
allow you to apply your knowledge in practical ways.

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