Climate Budget Brief NEP FY2022 Level

Filipinos’ NEP Climate Budget Brief for NEP FY2022
To sustain the focus on transformative climate reforms and promote budget transparency to
implement the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) priorities, the Climate Change
Commission (CCC) and the Department of Budget and Management (DBM) continue to
institutionalize the Climate Change Expenditure Tagging (CCET) through the Joint Memorandum
Circular (JMC) No. 2015-01. The CCET provides an avenue for national government institutions to
assess the alignment and scale of mobilization of public funds based on the NCCAP. It also
classifies public expenditures between climate change adaptation and mitigation through the use
of typologies mirroring the NCCAP. Under the aforementioned JMC, the CCC is mandated to
evaluate and approve National Government Agency-tagged climate change budgets. Further, the
CCC is also mandated to strengthen capacities of National Government Agencies (NGAs), State
Universities and Colleges (SUCs), and Government-Owned and Controlled Corporations (GOCCs).
These are undertaken in collaboration with the DBM.
Published by:
Philippine Climate Change Commission
6th Floor, First Residences
J.P. Laurel St., Malacañang Compound,
San Miguel, Manila, Metro Manila
Philippines 1005
For queries and further information, please contact:

CCET Helpdesk
Implementation Oversight Division (IOD)
Climate Change Office - Climate Change Commission
[email protected] || [email protected]
(+63 2) 8254-7056
References are available at:

CCC – https://www.climate.gov.ph || https://www.niccdies.climate.gov.ph
DBM – https://www.dbm.gov.ph
Core Writing Team (the CCET Helpdesk): Sandee G. Recabar, Joe Mari S. Francisco, Mary
Martha D. Merilo, Francisco S. Dacumos III, Alona R. Arreza, Ailen Lei L. Mangulabnan, Diane Joy
T. Pascua
Acknowledgements
The CCET Helpdesk expresses its utmost appreciation to the Department of Budget and
Management (DBM), especially the Office of Undersecretary Rolando U. Toledo, Fiscal Planning
and Reforms Bureau, and Budget and Management Bureau E, for their continuous support for the
Climate Change Expenditure Tagging. The DBM provides, monitor, and analyze national climate
change expenditures based on the generated climate budget forms.
The cover image used in the front page is from paid subscription at infographia – http://infogrpahia.com.
The languages and imageries in this document observe gender-fair language and imagery as part of the Climate Change
Commission’s implementation of pertinent Gender and Development issuance. For any inquiries on this matter, you may
reach the CCC’s GAD Focal Point System at [email protected].
2
MESSAGE
Given our geographic location, natural hazards abound in the Philippines, and
adapting to these risks has been a way of life for the Filipino people.
In recent years, climate change has been exacerbating disaster risk by altering the
frequency and intensity of hazard events, affecting vulnerability to hazards, and
changing exposure patterns.
It is in this regard that the Climate Change Commission continues to pursue

meaningful collaboration among key stakeholders to enhance the country’s readiness
and responsiveness to the challenges of the changing climate and the new normal.
One of these remarkable partnerships is with the Department of Budget and

Management (DBM), and the Department of the Interior and Local Government
(DILG), where we enhanced our budget process to include Climate Change
Expenditure Tagging (CCET) which provides comprehensive data on climate change
relevant spending, enabling both the national and local governments to make informed
decisions and prioritize climate investment opportunities.
Since inception, we have seen a rise in the tagged climate change expenditures in the
General Appropriations Act. This Report, particularly, which indicates the increased
proposed climate budget of PhP284 billion for FY 2022, reflects our small but
meaningful victory.
We hope that this Report will serve as a reference guide in enhancing the monitoring
and reporting of government expenditures, and in streamlining the implementation of
the government’s programs, activities, and projects on climate change, and expect
that CCC, together with the DBM and DILG, will continue to demonstrate its strong
commitment for a sustained engagement to foster a climate-resilient and climate-smart
Philippines.
RACHEL ANNE S. HERRERA

Vice Chairperson and Executive Director
Climate Change Commission
January 2022
Manila, Philippines
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT

Contains the rationale of the CCET, its legal & policy frameworks, institutional
structures and coordination mechanisms, alignment to national climate instruments,
and its benefits
NATIONAL CLIMATE BUDGET PROPOSAL FOR FY 2022 NEP

Summary and analysis of the proposed national government institutions’ climate
budget under the NEP FY2022 and its alignment to National Spending Priorities and
COVID19 response
ALIGNMENT WITH THE NCCAP

Alignment and analysis of the proposed National Government Institutions’ climate-
budget PAPs to the seven strategic priorities and cross-cutting considerations of
the NCCAP
LINKAGE OF CCET TO PCB-RRP

Nexus between the Cabinet Cluster on CCAM-DRR’s Program Convergence
Budgeting – Risk Resiliency Program’s climate-tagged P/A/P to the CCET
Framework
WAYS FORWARD IN THE PHILIPPINE IN THE

PHILIPPINE CLIMATE BUDGET SYSTEM
Enhancement in the CCET System to be conducted by the CCET Helpdesk for this fiscal
year
ANNEXES
(1)Climate Change-related Provisions in NEP FY2022; (2) NDC
Unconditional Policies and Measures Monitoring; (3) Mainstreaming
Gender in the CCET Process; and (4) Definition of Key Terms
6
PART I – BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT PAGE
Figure
1 – DBM-CCC Joint Memorandum Circular No. 2015-01 14
2 – Climate Budget Tagging Process at the National Level 15
3 – Timeline of National CCET Activities and its alignment
15
with the National Budgeting Process
4 – National Development and Climate Change Instruments 16
5 – National CCET Decision Tree 16
6 – National CCET Budget Form – BP201F 17
7 – Corporate CCET Budget Form – Form 711 17
8 – Screenshot sample of the National CCET Typology Code
18
Manual under Food Security
PART II – NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE BUDGET AS GAA FY2021 LEVEL
Charts
1 – Percentage of National Climate Change Expenditures 20
2 – Top Agencies on CCET GAA Levels 21
Table
1 – Approved Climate Budget allocation per agency 21
2 – Alignment to the FY2022 Spending Priorities and
22
COVID19 response
PART III – ALIGNMENT OF THE NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE BUDGET WITH THE
CLIMATE CHANGE AGENDA
Charts
3 – Climate Change-tagged Budget by National Climate
Change Action Plan (NCCAP) Strategic Priorities for FY2022 25
(NEP figures)
4 – Climate Change Tagged Proposed Budget by Department
27
under Food Security FY2022 (NEP Level)
29
under Water Sufficiency FY2022 (NEP Level)
6 – Water Sufficiency climate-tagged P/A/Ps figures from
31
FY2020-2022
under Ecosystem and Environmental Stability FY2022 (NEP 33
Level)
35
under Human Security FY2022 (NEP Level)
under Climate Smart Industries and Services FY2022 (NEP 37
Level)
7
10 – Climate Change Tagged Proposed Budget by
40
Department under Sustainable Energy FY2022 (NEP Level)
11 – Climate Change Tagged Proposed Budget by
Department under Knowledge and Capacity Development 43
FY2022 (NEP Level)
Tables
3 – Proposed Climate Budget allocations per NCCAP Strategic
25
Priorities for FY2022 NEP level
4 – Food Security allocations and its percentage per
27
Department
5 – Water Sufficiency allocations and its percentage per
30
Department
6 – P/A/Ps tagged to Water Sufficiency’s Access to Safe and
31
Affordable Water sub-strategic priority
7 – Ecosystem and Environmental Stability allocations and its
33
percentage per Department
8 – Human Security allocations and its percentage per
35
Department
9 – Climate Smart Industries and Services allocations and its
38
percentage per Department
10 – Sustainable Energy allocations and its percentage per
41
Department
11 – Lead Energy Implementing Agency integrated climate
41
change in key energy banner programs
12 – Department of Transportation’s infrastructure projects
42
reported and tagged to CCET
13 – Knowledge and Capacity Development allocations and
44
its percentage per Department
14 – Knowledge and Capacity Development strategic priority
45
growth from FY2021 NEP level to FY2022 NEP level
15 – Cross-cutting priorities’ allocations and its percentage per
48
Department
Figures
9 – Georisk web platform of the Government 36
10 – Zamboanga By-Pass Road tagged to both CCET
39
Framework and Build.Build.Build Program
11 – Climate Mitigation in the Industry starts with the conduct
39
of GHG inventory baseline data
12 – Local CCET Virtual Webinar delivered last 04-06 May
44
2021
13 – Scaling up of Key Adaptation Strategies/Best Practices
developed and reported in the Philippine NCCAP Monitoring 46
and Evaluation Report 2011-2016
PART IV – HARMONIZATION PROCESS OF THE CCET TO THE PROGRAM

CONVERGENCE BUDGETING (PCB)
Chart
13 –PCB-RRP Budget by Department under FY2022 (NEP
50
Level)
8
Tables
16 – PCB-RRP allocations and its percentage per Department
50
under the FY2022 NEP level
17 – Climate-tagged amount P/A/Ps in the proposed PCB-
54
RRP
Figure
14 – Map of the 22 Vulnerable Provinces and Four (4) Major
51
Urban Cities
15 – Entry points of the CCET and PCB-RRP Harmonization
52
Process
ANNEX I – CLIMATE CHANGE-RELATED PROVISIONS UNDER THE GAA FY 2021
Tables
18 – Climate Change-related General Provisions under the
71
General Appropriations Act of FY2021
19 – Climate Change-related Special Provisions under the
73
General Appropriations Act of FY2021
ANNEX II – NATIONS’ INVESTMENTS TO IMPLEMENT THE NATIONALLY DETERMINED

CONTRIBUTIONS
Table
20 – NDC Unconditional Policies and Measures and its 77
corresponding figures in NEP FY2022
9
AFAB Authority of Freeport Area of Bataan
CCAM Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
CCC Climate Change Commission
CCE Climate Change Expenditures
CCET Climate Change Expenditure Tagging
COVID 19 Coronavirus
CPEIR Climate Public Expenditures and Institutional Review
CSIS Climate Smart Industries and Services
DA Department of Agriculture
DA PCIC Department of Agriculture – Philippine Crop Insurance

Corporation
DA PFDA Department of Agriculture – Philippine Fisheries and Development

Authority
DAR Department of Agrarian Reform
DBM Department of Budget and Management
DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DENR EMB Department of Environment and Natural Resources –

Environmental Management Bureau
DENR MGB Department of Environment and Natural Resources – Mines and

Geosciences Bureau
DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources – National

NAMRIA Mapping and Resource Information Authority
DENR NWRB Department of Environment and Natural Resources – National

Water Resources Board
DENR PCSDS Department of Environment and Natural Resources – Palawan

Council for Sustainable Development Staff
10
DFA Department of Foreign Affairs
DICT Department of Information and Communications Technology
DILG LGA Department of Interior and Local Government – Local Government

Academy
DND AFP Department of National Defense – Armed Forces of the

Philippines
DND OCD Department of National Defense – Office of Civil Defense
DOE Department of Energy
DOST Department of Science and Technology
DOST Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Atmospheric

PAGASA Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
DOST PCHRD Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Council for

Health Research and Development
DOST Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Council for

PCIEERD Industrial, Energy, and Emerging Technology Research and
Development
DOST Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Institute of

PHIVOLCS Volcanology and Seismology
DOST SEI Department of Science and Technology – Science Education

Institute
DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways
DRR Disaster Risk Reduction
DSWD Department of Social Works and Development
ENGP Enhanced National Greening Program
EES Ecological and Environmental Sustainability
FS Food Security
FY Fiscal Year
GAA General Appropriations Act
GAD Gender and Development
11
GCG Governance Commission on Government Owned- and
Controlled-Corporations
GOCC Government Owned- and Controlled-Corporations
HS Human Security
IATF Inter-agency Task Force on Emerging Infectious Disease
KCD Knowledge and Capacity Development
MMDA Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
MRB Major River Basin
NBM National Budget Memorandum
NCCAP National Climate Change Action Plan
NDC Nationally Determined Contribution
NEP National Expenditures Program
NGA National Government Agency
PAP Programs, Activities and Projects
PCB Program Convergence Budgeting
PCW Philippine Commission on Women
PFM Public Finance and Management
PSF People’s Survival Fund
RRP Risk Resiliency Program
RWCS Rain Water Collection System
SE Sustainable Energy
SUC State Universities and Colleges
WB World Bank
WS Water Sufficiency
12
Despite the imposition of community quarantines
and the coronavirus (COVID19), the Philippine
government did not stop delivering climate actions.
One of the key lessons with this current health
crisis is that we as a country must ensure that we
have adequate resources to address the needs of
the citizens.
Such is also the aim of the Climate Change

Expenditure Tagging (CCET). Strengthening the
mainstreaming of climate change in domestic
plans and programs necessitates allocation of
public funds for the implementation of climate
change adaptation and mitigation initiatives.
COVID19 pandemic might pause the economic activities, but not the impacts of climate
change. Thus, the National Government Institutions continuously increased its climate budget
allotment under the National Expenditure Program of FY2022.
PHP 284B
The PHP 284B proposed climate budget
corresponds to 5.84% of the total National
Proposed Budget for FY2022 1 . Overall, 80
national government institutions (39 NGAs,
10 GOCCs 2 , and 31 SUCs) proposed 712 2022 National Government
climate change Programs/Activities/Projects Budget Proposal based on
(P/A/Ps) for FY2022. tagged PAPs under NEP
Climate Change Adaptation remains the Image source: DBM Budget Information and
priority in the last term of this administration Training Service
– PHP 181.9 billion. Most of the investments

on climate change are focused on climate-proofing of the country’s food systems, government
infrastructures, and flood mitigation actions are the examples of government programs under
the climate change adaptation investments.
This Climate Budget Brief – National Expenditure Program FY2022 level contains the detailed
information of climate-tagged Programs/Activities/Projects (PAPs) of the government for FY2022.
It will continue to feature the: (1) Detailed climate-tagged P/A/Ps per National Climate Change
Action Plan strategic priorities; (2) Linkage of CCET’s with the Program Convergence Budgeting –
Risk Resiliency Program; (3) CCET as a tracking tool for the Nationally Determined Contributions
(NDC) unconditional policies and measures; and (4) Linkage of CCET and the Gender and
Development Budgets.
1
PHP 5.024 trillion NEP proposed to Congress
2
These are GOCCs receiving budgetary support from the Government
13
What is CCET?
The Climate Change Expenditure Tagging
(CCET) is a tool enables the government to
track and monitor climate expenditures at the
national and sub-national levels. It aims to
increase transparency in terms of climate
public funds for public scrutiny.
a. Legal Framework
The idea that led to the creation of CCET
began in 2012, when the Government
amended the Climate Change Act of 2009.
Image developed by Ms. Mary Martha Merilo of Among the amended provision is the mandate
CCET Helpdesk
given to the Department of Budget and
Management (DBM) to undertake the
formulation of the annual national budget in a way that ensures the appropriate prioritization
and allocation of funds to support climate change-related programs and projects in the annual
program of the government3. This led to the partnership between the CCC and DBM to develop
a framework on climate budget tagging.
In 2013, the CCC and DBM, tapped the expertise of the World Bank
to study the national budget and identified the need to mainstream
climate change in the budgeting and investment programming. The
partnership between the Government of the Philippines (GoP) and
the World Bank resulted in the Climate Public Expenditure and
Institutional Review (CPEIR).
Building on the results of the 2013 CPEIR and the ongoing public
finance management (PFM), a climate budgeting framework was
developed and implemented to sustain the GoP’s climate reform
initiatives.
In the same year, the DBM and the CCC issued the Joint Figure 1 DBM-CCC Joint
Memorandum Circular 2013-01 on the Guidelines in Memorandum Circular No. 2015-
01 –
Tagging/Tracking Government Expenditures for Climate Change in https://niccdies.climate.gov.ph/cli
the Budget Process. A same JMC was adopted at the local level mate-finance/ccet
with the Department of Interior and Local Government in 2014.
In 2015, the JMC was amended to enhance the process, and institutionalize the functions of
the help desk
The JMC reinforces the government’s transformative climate reforms, especially on

mainstreaming climate change in its national budgeting process.
3
Paragraph (g), Section 15 of the Climate Change Act, as amended.
14
b. Process
The CCET process is comprised of three (3) phases, which also run parallel to the national
budget preparation, legislation, and execution timelines.
Figure 2 Climate Budget Tagging Process at the National Level
Figure 3 Timeline of National CCET Activities and its alignment with the National Budgeting Process
15
AGENCY CC PLANNNG AND PROGRAMMING
This first phase is similar to the agency’s regular planning and programming of their
Programs/Activities/Projects (P/A/Ps) for the next fiscal year.
Identification of climate change P/A/Ps may be determined during the internal planning and
programming stage of the agency. This begins once the DBM has issued the National and
Corporate Budget Memoranda for the Preparation of the National Budget for the succeeding
fiscal year.
Figure 4 National Development and Climate Change Instruments
Moreover, agencies are always reminded to ensure that their CC P/A/Ps are aligned with the
national development and climate instruments: (1) Philippine Development Plan; (2) Sectoral
Plans and Programs (e.g. Philippine Energy Plan); (3) National Climate Change Action Plan;
(4) Roadmap of the Cabinet Cluster on CCAM-DRR; and (5) National Climate Risk
Management Framework.
Once the agency has identified its CC P/A/Ps, the next step is to determine the how much
resources may be allocated for each CC P/A/P. The CCET Helpdesk designed a Decision
Tree that may help agencies in determining the budget allocation for CC P/A/Ps.
Figure 5 National CCET Decision Tree
16
After the agency identified its CC P/A/Ps and its amounts, the agency must prepare and reflect
it in the CCET budget forms: BP201-F (for NGAs and SUCs) and Form 711 (for GOCCs).
These forms are located at the National and Corporate Budget Memoranda issued by the
DBM.
Figure 6 National CCET Budget Form - BP201F for NGAs and SUCs attached as Annex in the annual National Budget
Memorandum Budget Call
Figure 7 Corporate CCET Budget Form - Form 711 for GOCCs attached as Annex in the annual Corporate Budget
Memorandum Budget Call
In order for the BP201F and Form 711 be accepted by DBM, through OSBPS, this must
undergo a Quality Assurance and Review (QAR), which will be done and certified by the
CCC’s CCET Helpdesk.
CCET QAR AND APPROVAL

The CC P/A/Ps identified will then be tagged using the National CCET typologies and
characterized in terms of their climate rationale.
Using the CCET Quality Assurance and Review (QAR) Form, describe the CC P/A/Ps in terms
of climate objective, outcomes, relevance, and classified whether these are adaptation and
17
mitigation measures. These are necessary to ensure the responsiveness of the P/A/Ps to
climate change and consistency with the CCET typologies.
Once the accomplished CCET QAR Form is accomplished, submit it to the CCET Helpdesk
for technical review. An exchange of feedback between the submitting agency and the CCET
Helpdesk will ensue towards strengthening and improving their submissions as necessary.
Once done, the CCC will issue an Approval Communication of the CCET QAR Form.
The CCC Approval Form along with the CCET QAR and BP201-F will be submitted to DBM.
Reporting
Annually, the CCET Helpdesk and DBM prepare the Climate Budget Briefs to monitor
performance and inform succeeding planning and budgeting processes. The Helpdesk
produces three (3) Briefs at each budget level: Budget Preparation (Agency Request),
National Expenditure Program (NEP), and General Appropriations Act (GAA).
Once the General Appropriations Act has been adopted, the CCET Helpdesk collect as well
the General and Special Climate Change-related Provisions as part of the CCET reporting.
c. Connection to NCCAP and other National Climate Instruments

As enshrined in the DBM-CCC JMC No. 2015-01, CCET is an instrument used for the basis
and analysis of the proposed P/A/Ps and relationship of contributing factors towards the
attainment of National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) outcomes.
The CCET typologies used by the agencies to identify their specific climate actions is based
from the NCCAP.
Figure 8 Screenshot of the National CCET Typology Code Manual under the Food Security
d. Benefits of CCET
Since the implementation of CCET, the Government has now been able to track, monitor and
report public climate expenditures. The following benefits have been observed over the years
of its implementation:
• Assess the status of the country’s national response to climate change, and on
evaluating the effectiveness of the country’s institutional framework on climate change;
18
• Allow informed policy decisions amongst oversight agencies (DBM, CCC, NEDA, DOF)
by generating timely statistics on the allocation of resources, and by providing a baseline to
evaluate the climate change impact on public expenditures;
• Align with the NCCAP, the process of tagging will promote coherence across sector
policies and programs by fostering links between the budget and climate change policies; and
• Facilitate the country’s readiness for accessing, administering, and coordinating flows
of domestic and international climate finance.
a. National Climate Budget

i. Overview
PHP 284B The Nation’s proposed climate budget for FY

2022 worth PHP 284B supports the
advancement of Building Resilience amidst the
2022 National Government Pandemic and Climate Emergency.
Budget Proposal based on
tagged PAPs under NEP The NEP level national government institutions’
climate budget is a translation of the
Image source: DBM Budget Information and
Training Service
administration’s commitment to prepare for
possible disasters in the future, and the
protection and preservation of the environment.
The PHP 284B proposed climate budget corresponds to 5.84% of the total National Proposed
Budget for FY20224. Overall, 80 national government institutions (39 NGAs, 10 GOCCs5, and
31 SUCs) proposed 712 climate change Programs/Activities/Projects (P/A/Ps) for FY2022.
ii. Analysis and support to NCCAP
The next fiscal year’s climate budget is 36% higher compared to last year’s
proposed (PHP 181.9B). The increase in the climate proposed budget is
attributed to the significant increase of participation of national government
instrumentalities participating in CCET from 36 to 80. This present the
4
PHP 5.024 trillion NEP proposed to Congress
5
These are GOCCs receiving budgetary support from the Government
19
Government’s strong resolved to build the climate resilience of Filipinos and to
sustain the momentum towards recovery.
The Administration’s National Expenditure Program (NEP) for climate change

is composed of Adaptation and Mitigation actions.
Chart 1: National Proposed Climate Budget for FY2022

NEP level ('000)
250,000,000.00
200,000,000.00
150,000,000.00
100,000,000.00
50,000,000.00
-
Image source: Haribon Adaptation Mitigation
Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) has always received most of the climate
budget allocation – 83%. CCA interventions advances the nation’s resilience
against the impacts of climate change. This is a policy commitment of the
government that Climate Change Adaptation will serve as the anchor strategy
of the Government to address climate change6.
While, the remaining 17% of the proposed climate budget pie is allocated for
Climate Change Mitigation (CCM) or actions that reduce greenhouse gas
emissions in the atmosphere.
Under the Government strategy to address climate change, whenever

applicable, mitigation actions shall also be pursued as a function of adaptation.
The country’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) communicated to the

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) last 15
April 2021 advances the country’s commitment to achieve the goals of the Paris
Climate Change Agreement, while support the national low-carbon economic
development.
The NDC’s contributions to climate change mitigation and its Policies and
Measures (PAMS) proposed climate budget will be discussed in Annex II of
this Brief.
Moreover, the Government emphasizes that surviving climate impacts requires

the country’s undivided attention. The Philippines has, therefore, placed
adaptation at the core of the nation’s long-term development strategies and has
always focused on climate change adaptation to avert losses and build
resilience.
6
See National Framework Strategy on Climate Change
20
b. Top Agencies
For FY 2022 NEP, the following National Government Institutions topped the proposed
climate budget:
Chart 2: Top Agencies on CCET (NEP Level)

3% 4%
4% Department of Public Works and

Highways
Department of Transportation
8%
Department of Agriculture
14% Department of Environment and

Natural Resources
67%
Budgetary Support to Government
Corporations
Other Agencies
Image source: DBM-BITS
Note for Chart 2: Reflected percentage figures were rounded off
AGENCY FY 2022 NEP CCET ALLOCATIONS % OF CCET

(in thousand pesos) ALLOCATIONS
DPWH 190,336,184 66.89 (67%)
DOTr 40,319,163 14.17 (14%)
DA 23,995,580 8.43 (8%)
DENR 9,900205 3.48 (4%)
BSGCs7 9,520,216 3.34 (3%)
Other NGAs8 10,442,069 3.67 (4%)
Table 1 shows the approved climate budget allocations per agency for FY2022
NEP level
c. Alignment to the FY2022 Spending Priorities and COVID19

response
The Proposed Climate Budget supports the country’s ongoing response to
COVID19 pandemic. Guided by the Government’s Budget Philosophy, the
following P/A/Ps in Table 2 were both identified under the FY2022 Spending
priorities9 and CCET:
7
Authority of the Freeport Area of Bataan, Credit Information Corporation, National Dairy Authority, National Irrigation Authority, National
Power Corporation, Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation, Philippine Fisheries Development Authority, Philippine Rice Research Institute,
Sugar Regulatory Authority, Tourism Promotions Board
8
Metropolitan Manila Development Authority, Department of Social Welfare and Development, Department of Science and Technology,
Department of Tourism, Department of Energy, State Universities and Colleges, Department of National Defense, Department of Agrarian
Reform, Department of Interior and Local Government, Climate Change Commission, National Historical Commission of the Philippines,
Department of Health, Department of Foreign Affairs, Presidential Communications Operations Office
9
Based on the Philippine NEP Budget at a glance briefer from the Department of Budget and Management -
https://dbm.gov.ph/index.php/budget-documents/2022/2022-people-s-budget/2022-budget-at-a-glance-proposed
21
Proposed Amount
Climate Change
P/A/P in NEP tagged in
Component
CCET
Building Resilience Amidst the Pandemic
Research and Development of policy

Development National requiring integration of
Health Research climate change and disaster
System for Health and PHP 25.5M risk reduction concepts and
Related Fields (DOST- approaches in medical and
PCHRD) allied health training courses
Health Facility Policy Upgrading the country’s

and Plan Development health facilities using climate
PHP 9.3M
(DOH) risk information
Sustaining the Momentum Towards Recovery
Food Security Construct / Repair /

• Irrigation Rehabilitate national and
Services (DA, communal irrigation
NIA) PHP 2.9B systems, dams and water
storage systems to manage
changes in the water cycle
due to climate change and
climate variability
• National Rice Development climate-

Program (DA, PHP 1.4B resilient crop and livestock
PhilRice) production systems and
technologies
Research on new threats to

agriculture, fishing, and
forestry from climate change
and climate variability
Social Protection
• Financial PHP 1.6B Support new income
Assistance - generating opportunities and
Protective industries utilizing natural
Services for resource better adapted to
Individuals and climate change and climate
Families in variability
Difficult
22
Circumstances10
(DSWD)
Continuing the Legacy of Infrastructure Development

(Build, Build, Build Program)
DPWH
• Flood PHP 113.5B The DPWH’s infrastructure

Management P/A/Ps incorporate climate
Program change and climate
variability in design
• Asset PHP 59.6B standards for flood control
Preservation and drainage systems, and
Program other related infrastructures
• Bridge Program PHP 34.4B
Department of
Transportation
• Rail Transport PHP 110.9B The transport sector’s
climate change contributions
• Aviation PHP 1.1B11 aims to support the
Program government’s efforts to
reduce and avoid GHG
emissions in the transport
sector
10
Disaster response and rehabilitation program (Risk Resiliency Program thru Cash-for-Work and Cash-for-Training Activities)
11
Actual amount reported by the Department of Transportation Air Transport Planning Division in their CCET QAR
23
Overview
The Philippines continues to recognize its responsibility to ensure the country’s climate
resilience, and contribute its fair share in building a low-carbon economy, while pursuing
sustainable, industrial development, poverty eradication and inclusive growth, energy security,
social and climate justice, and gender equality.
Furthermore, the Government of the Philippines continues to engage in active promotion of

climate change response through policies, institutions, and financing for climate change
adaptation and mitigation. The Government examines its strategic allocation of resources at
the national level in comparison with the seven (7) strategic priorities and cross-cutting
strategies in the NCCAP, which cover a total of 21 outcome areas.
24
Chart 3: Climate Change Tagged Budget by NCCAP Thematic
Priority for Fiscal Year 2022 (NEP figures)
1%
10% Food Security

21% Water Sufficiency
Ecosystem and Environmental Stability
Human Security
8% Climate Smart Industries and Services
Sustainable Energy
Knowledge and Capacity Development

57%
Cross-Cutting
3%
Note for Chart 3: Percentages may not add-up due to rounding off. Values on the following strategic priorities were not
reflected given its miniscule percentage in the total climate budget proposal: Human Security (0.19%); and Cross-cutting
(0.18%).
The upward trend in the proposed national government climate budget for FY2022 is mainly
driven by increased allocation in the government’s banner program. Most of the increase
comes from the program of the DPWH’s construction of infrastructures, while incorporating
climate risk information under the BUILD.BUILD.BUILD program (PHP 140 billion more than
NEP FY2021).
NCCAP strategic priorities such as water sufficiency (PHP 161 billion), sustainable energy (PHP
59.9 billion), and food security (PHP 29.7 billion) make up the majority of this year’s climate
investments.
Investments in the water sector are related to incorporating Climate Change in design standards
for flood control and drainage systems and related water infrastructures and
constructing/expanding water supply infrastructure. Sustainable Energy respond to incorporating
climate risk in energy-related infrastructures and energy efficiency, which is reflected in the
National Expenditures Program General Provision on Infrastructure Projects and Energy Efficiency.
Lastly, investments in the food sector correspond to development of resilient crop and livestock
production systems and technologies, incorporating CC considerations in agricultural production
and distribution systems policies/planning, constructing/repairing/rehabilitating irrigation systems,
dams, and water storage systems to account for climate change, and introduction of rules and
regulations on climate mitigation.
AGENCY NEP FY 2022 CCET % OF CCET

ALLOCATIONS (in ‘000) ALLOCATIONS
Food Security 29,776,929 10.47 (10%)
Water Sufficiency 161,102,665 56.62 (57%)
Ecosystem and 8,059,102 2.83 (3%)
Environmental
Stability
Human Security 544,612 0.19%
25
Climate Smart 22,255,789 7.82 (8%)
Industries and
Services
Sustainable Energy 59,959,076 21.07 (21%)
Knowledge and 2,302,573 0.81%
Capacity
Development
Cross-cutting 512,671 0.18%
Table 3 shows the proposed climate budget allocations per NCCAP Strategic
Food security as a strategic priority

ensures the availability, stability,
accessibility, and affordability of
safe and healthy food amidst
climate change. For this thematic
priority, agriculture remains the
most pertinent sector in the
attainment of food security in the
country.
The FY2022 proposed NEP

Image source: Department of Agriculture affirms Food Security in one its
spending priorities under the
Sustaining the Momentum towards Recovery budget philosophy. This strategic priority of
the NCCAP also ranked third in the most allocated climate budget for the FY2022, signaling
the government’s prime response to achieving food security.
i. Description of P/A/Ps
These investments ranges from incorporation of climate change and climate variability
considerations in agricultural production and distribution systems in policy and planning,
implementation of climate change risk transfer and social protection mechanisms in
agriculture and fisheries, development of policies on food safety/food security
measures that take account of new conditions caused by climate change.
26
‘ Chart 4: Climate Change Tagged Propsed Budget by
Department under Food Security FY2022 (NEP Level)
2% 1%
Departmet of Agriculture
Budgetary Support to Government

Corporations

Natural Resources
Department of Agrarian Reform
State Universities and Colleges
80% Department of National Defense
Department of Science and

Technology
Department of Foreign Affairs
Note for Chart 4: Values have been rounded off. Values on the following Departments were not reflected
given its miniscule percentage in the total climate budget proposal: State Universities and Colleges (0.43%),
Department of National Defense (0.027%), Department of Science and Technology (0.015%), and
Department of Foreign Affairs (0.003%)
The Table 4 below shows the list of agencies budget allotment for FY 2022 as well as
its corresponding percentage on the Food Security thematic priority.
Agency CCET Allocations % of CCET

(‘000) Allocations
Department of PHP 23,753,615 79.77%
Agriculture
Budgetary Support to PHP 5,128,296 17.22%

Government
Corporations12
Department of PHP 453,131 1.52%

Environment and
Natural Resources
Department of Agrarian PHP 301,012 1.01%

Reform
State Universities and PHP 127,588 0.43%
Colleges13
Department of National PHP 8,027 0.027%
Defense
Department of Science PHP 4,330 0.015%
and Technology
Department of Foreign PHP 930 0.003%
Affairs
12
National Dairy Authority, Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation, Philippine Rice Research Institute
13
Pangasinan State University, Isabela State University, Catanduanes State University, Partido State University, Carlos C. Hilado Memorial
State College, Guimaras State College, Central Philippines State University, Eastern Samar State University, Visayas State University, Davao
del Norte State College, Davao Oriental State College of Science and Technology, Agusan del Sur State College of Agriculture and Technology,
Caraga State University, Surigao del Sur State University, Surigao State College of Technology
27
The remaining twenty percent of the investments for Food Security is divided among
the budgetary support to Government Corporations, DENR, DAR, SUCs, DND, DOST
and DFA. Some SUCs also tagged allocations on food security thematic priority that
ranges from conduct of Research Services, provision of extension services as well as
development of production system and technologies.
ii. Analysis
Looking at the climate-proposed P/A/Ps in NEP, the lead implementing agency –

Department of Agriculture has identified and incorporated climate change
considerations in its banner programs.
In FY2021, the Agricultural sector submitted its conditional NDC policies and measures
aims to build a strong, resilient, and sustainable agriculture sector able to withstand
the adverse effects of climate change.
The inclusion of the Agriculture sector in the NDC advance strategic decision on the
side of the government to make this sector climate-responsive, while ensuring a
stability in the food supply chain in the era of climate change. The DA also identifies
areas collaboration to international partners14:
• establishment of regional disaster insurance system;
• development of technologies to reduce carbon footprint in compliance with
the Paris agreement;
• development of food production systems in urban settings; and
• institutionalization of social protection and welfare programs for farmers and
fisherfolk.
These identified areas of collaboration have also been delivered by other government
agencies with a shared mandate on agriculture (as described in the P/A/Ps of other
agencies contributing to CCET Food Security).
However, it can also be observed that fragmentation and the absence of coordination
of functions and plans across the agencies with Food Security mandate still persists.
As mentioned in the NCCAP M&E Report 2011-2016, sharing of mandates with other
agencies, without the necessary cooperation framework, is counterproductive and
inefficient. Limited synergy may breed conflict and competition.
Governance issues on fragmentation of responsibilities and duplication of functions

within the bureaucracy must be harmonized at various levels to achieve the Food
security goals of the Philippines.
14
https://www.da.gov.ph/da-chief-enjoins-asean-to-build-resilient-agri-sector-vs-climate-change-disasters/
28
The NCCAP Water
Sufficiency’s objective is to
ensure water resources (is)
sustainably managed and
equitable access (is) ensured.
The sub-priority under Water

Sufficiency focused on:
Image source: Philippine News Agency
• Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) and Water Governance;

• Sustainability of Water Supply; and
• Access to Safe and Affordable Water.
Out 125 P/A/Ps proposed in FY2022 NEP Climate Budget, 117 P/A/Ps are invested in
the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) and Water Governance. These
investments come from the infrastructure projects proposed by DPWH and MMDA that
incorporate climate change and climate variability in the design standards for flood
control and drainage systems.
Chart 5: Climate Change Tagged Propsed Budget by

Department under Water Sufficiency FY2022 (NEP Level)
1%
Department of Public Works and
Highways
Metropolitan Manila Development

Authority
Department of Environment and

Natural Resources
99% Department of Science and

Technology
Note for Chart 5: Values have been rounded off. Values on the following Departments were not reflected
given its miniscule percentage in the total climate budget proposal: Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (0.21%), State Universities and Colleges (0.12%), and Department of Science and Technology
(0.04%)
29
DPWH and MMDA also lead the climate investments under Water Sufficiency together
with DENR, SUCs, and DOST.

Department of Public PHP 158,499,798 98.34% (99%)
Works and Highways
Metropolitan Manila PHP 2,065,687 1.28% (1%)

Development Authority
Department of PHP 320,055 0.21%%

Environment and
Natural Resources
State Universities and PHP 198,800 0.12%

Colleges15
and Technology
Table 5 shows the proposed climate budget allocations per
Department under Water Sufficiency Strategic Priorities for FY2022
NEP level
P/A/Ps in Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) and Water Governance

focused on action delivery like enhancements of flood mitigation infrastructure projects
implemented by DPWH and MMDA. The DOST-PAGASA also contributed in this area
by investing on flood forecasting, hydro-meteorological services, early warning system
for dam operation, and establishment of Integrated Hydrological Data Management
System.
Constructing Water Harvesting Technologies in public areas such as public schools

and markets remain the dominant activity under the Sustainability of Water Supply sub-
strategic priority led by the DPWH. The University of the Philippines System and
Surigao State College of Technology also contributed in this sub-priority through
constructing water infrastructure to increase local water supply within the vicinity of
SUCs.
Incorporate changes in design of sanitation systems, wastewater treatment and

disposal system in response to extreme weather and flood events arising from climate
change and climate variability activities received most proposed climate investments,
and treatment of wastewater conservation/re-use purposes to respond to declines in
water availability due to climate change and climate variability received most of climate
investments proposed under the Access to Safe and Affordable Water sub-strategic
priority. In Table 6 below are the P/A/Ps tagged together with the investment
allocations:
15
University of the Philippines System, Iloilo State College of Fisheries, West Visayas State University, Davao del Norte State College, Surigao
State College of Technology
30
AGENCY / SUC P/A/P AMOUNT IN NEP
Metropolitan Manila Metro Manila Flood PHP 714,521
Development Authority Management Project
Phase 1 Component 2
Minimizing Solid Waste in
Waterways and
Component 4 Project
Management and
Coordination
Iloilo State College of Completion of Fish PHP 15,000

Fisheries Processing Plant, Main
Campus
West Visayas State Improvement and PHP 13,800

University Upgrading of Potable
Water Supply and Reuse
of Waste Water,
University Medical Center
Implementation of clean water regulations that considers climate risk data by the
DENR-EMB is also tagged in this area amounting to PHP 298,019.
ii. Analysis
With a year-on-year growth of 21.74%, investments on Water Sufficiency continues
to increase and dominate the proposed climate investments in CCET.
Chart 6: Water Sufficiency Climate-tagged P/A/Ps

Figures
180,000,000
160,000,000
140,000,000
120,000,000
100,000,000
80,000,000
60,000,000
40,000,000
20,000,000
0
2020 2021 2022
The CCET-tagged Water Sufficiency investments heavily focused on flood

mitigation infrastructure projects (PHP 157 billion). Flood Mitigation measures can
also be linked to Human Security strategic priority since agencies implementing
these measures identified the protection civilian population living in flood-prone
areas.
These investments can be a significant response to the latest science released by

the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
31
In its 6th Assessment Report on the Physical Science of the Earth, climate scientists
and experts confirmed with high confidence that continued global warming is
projected to further intensify the global water cycle, including its variability, global
monsoon precipitation and the severity of wet and dry events16.
This means that the Philippines will be expecting wetter and hotter days than
previously experienced.
Despite the enormous investments in Water Sufficiency, it seems that there is a

miniscule investments in programs directed to increase water access and supply.
Given the climate projections made by the IPCC, increasing water supply-,
collection- and storage-related infrastructures must also be prioritized since water
is considered a prime resource that drives economic and social stability.
This strategic priority targets the

stability of ecological systems and
facilitating their capacity to adapt to
changes in environmental conditions,
especially the rapid increase in
surface temperature and variability of
intensity and seasonality of
precipitation. Indicators point out to
the resilience of green (forests,
critical habitats, agriculture), blue
(groundwater, freshwater, coastal
and marine), and brown (urban and
waste) ecosystems and their
potential to mitigate greenhouse gases.
There are 17 P/A/Ps tagged under the priority and are usually in the mode of
Research and Development and Service Delivery. Most of the P/A/Ps are
tagged as adaptation, while only two (2) are related to mitigation. Notable
adaptation P/A/Ps are the development of the Manila Bay Coastal
Management Strategy, management of protected areas, and forestland
16
IPCC, 2021: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the
Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [MassonDelmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S. L. Connors, C. Péan,
S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M. I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J. B. R. Matthews, T. K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O.
Yelekçi, R. Yu and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press. In Press.
32
management. On the other hand, mitigation P/A/Ps are all related to
reforestation and afforestation efforts.
Chart 7: Climate Change Tagged Proposed Budget by

Department under EES FY2022 (NEP Level)
0%
Department of Environment and

Natural Resources
100%
Note for Chart 6: Values have been rounded off. Values on the State Universities and Colleges were not
reflected given its miniscule percentage in the total climate budget proposal under EES (0.039%)

Department of PHP 8,055,962 99.96% (100%)
Environment and
Natural Resources17
State Universities and PHP 3,140 0.039% (0%)

Colleges18

Department under Ecosystem and Environmental Stability Strategic
ii. Analysis
The total allocation for the priority amounts to PHP 8.06 billion. It constitutes
2.8% of the total climate allocation and ranks fifth (5th) among the other NCCAP
priorities. More than half (54%) of the priority is related to mitigation while the
rest is related to adaptation.
The Department of Environment and Natural Resources’ (DENR) tagged

allocation constitutes the majority (99%) of the priority’s total, while the rest is
from State Universities and Colleges. Participating actors in the priority for this
fiscal year are DENR central, Palawan Council for Sustainable Developments,
and SUCs from Camarines Sur, CARAGA, and Davao.
Co-Benefit Scenario of EES tagged P/A/Ps
17
Office of the Secretary, Palawan Council for Sustainable Development Staff
18
Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges, Southern Philippines Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology, University of
Southeastern Philippines, and Caraga State University
33
Completed Phase 1 of the Marikina River Restoration Project under the
Government’s Task Force Build Back Better
The EES-tagged P/A/Ps for FY2022 can also be considered to deliver an

adaptation and mitigation co-benefit. Adaptation P/A/Ps tagged in EES like
Manila Bay Coastal Management Strategy may also deliver a climate change
mitigation co-benefit through its potential to reduce wastewater greenhouse
gas emissions. Furthermore, this P/A/P has also been identified by the DENR
as one of its unconditional mitigation policies and measures (Note: this will be
discussed in the Annex II – NDC Monitoring part of this Brief).
While reforestation and afforestation climate change mitigation interventions

can also deliver adaptation co-benefits. Afforestation and Reforestation,
especially in river basins are considered to provide additional water supply in
the community, while also acting as a nature-based flood defense mechanisms.
This strategic priority targets the resilience of

human settlements and underlying social
systems within, especially health systems and
personnel. Indicators lead to outcomes related to
mainstreaming climate change and disaster risk
reduction and management in land use and
sectoral plans, housing, health systems, and
capacity building activities. OCD holding DRRM Training for Philippine Navy personnel. Image source:
Office of Civil Defense
34
There are 19 P/A/Ps tagged under the priority from a combined 14 national
government agencies (DA, DENR, DOST, DILG, DND) , and state universities
and colleges in the provinces of Bulacan, Zambales, Tarlac, Camarines Sur,
and Davao. The modalities of delivery of P/A/Ps vary from policy-based, to
research and development, to capacity development, and service delivery.
Notable P/A/Ps are MGB’s geological assessment for resilience, University of

the Philippines’ genomic information and resource hub that contributes to
resilience of human health, PHIVOLCS’s DYNASLOPE information system,
and development and management of the National Health Research System
for Health and Related Fields of the Philippine Council for Health Research and
Development.

Department2% under Human Security FY2022 (NEP Level)
3%
10% Department of Environment and Natural

Resources
41%
15% Department of Science and Technology
Department of National Defense
Department of Agriculture
29%
Climate Change Commission
Department of the Interior and Local

Government
Note for Chart 8: Values have been rounded off. Values on the Department of Interior and Loal Government –
National Youth Commission was not reflected given its miniscule percentage (0.18%) in the total climate budget
proposal for Human Security.

Department of PHP 225,066 41.33% (41%)
Environment and
Natural Resources –
Mines and
Geosciences Bureau
State Universities and PHP 155,997 28.64% (29%)

Colleges19
19
University of the Philippines, Bulacan State University, President Ramon Magsaysay State University, Tarlac State University, Camarines
Sur Polytechnic Colleges, Visayas State University, Southern Philippines Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology
35
Science and
Technology20
National Defense –
Office of Civil Defense
Agriculture
Climate Change PHP 10,659 1.95% (2%)
Commission
Department of Interior PHP 1,000 0.18%
and Local
Government –
National Youth
Commission

Department under Human Security Strategic Priorities for FY2022
NEP level
ii. Analysis
The total allocation for the priority amounts to PHP 544 million and constitutes
less than 1% of the total climate allocation for FY 2022. All of the allocation
related to the priority is related to adaptation, similar to the priority on water and
knowledge/capacity where no amount is allocated for mitigation-related
programs/activities. Forty (40%) percent of the priority’s budget is from the
DENR while more than a quarter is from the combined budgets of state
universities and colleges.
Furthermore, it should be noted that with the intersectionality of natural hazards

and existing vulnerability landscape of the Philippines, convergence between
climate- and geologic-implementing agencies have become a new norm. For
example, DOST-PAGASA and DOST-PHIVOLCS began sharing climate and
geologic information to deliver CCA-DRR interventions and increase the
community’s adaptive resilience to CCA-DRR information awareness. Actions
like this can be seen in GEORISK and DYNASLOPE projects under the DOST.
Figure 9 Georisk web platform of the Government led by the Department of Science and Technology
(https://www.georisk.gov.ph/)
20
Philippine Council for Health Research and Development, and Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
36
The minimal investments under this theme does not necessarily translate to
the government’s downplaying human security interventions amidst the threats
of climate change. Current tagging limitations in the system limits the attribution
of P/A/Ps that address multiple NCCAP strategic priorities. Case sample would
be the Flood Mitigation CCET-tagged P/A/Ps in the Water Sufficiency strategic
priority that can also be attributed here in Human Security strategic priority.
Climate-smart Industries and Services

(CSIS) thematic priority under the
National Climate Change Action Plan
(NCCAP), targets the promotion,
development, and sustainability of
climate change resilient, eco-efficient
and environment-friendly industries
and services and sustainable towns
and cities, which include “green”
Image source: Unplash/Science in HD design for infrastructure.
The Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) led the investments on
Climate-Smart Industries and Services (CSIS) (72.2% or 16 million) centered on
increasing the resilience of public infrastructures like bridges and government
builds against the impacts of climate change.

Department under CSIS FY2022 (NEP Level)
2% 1%
Department of Public Works and Highways
8% Allocations to Local Government Units
8% Budgetary Support to Government Corporations
Department of Social Welfare and Development
9% Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Department of Tourism
72%
Department of Science and Technology
National Historical Commission of the Philippines
Note for Chart 9: Values have been rounded off. Values on the following Departments were not reflected given
its miniscule percentage in the total climate budget proposal: Department of Tourism (0.34%), Department of
Science and Technology (0.06%), and National Historical Commission of the Philippines (0.0.4%)
37
Table 9 below shows the budget request CSIS allocations and its percentage per
agency:
CCET Allocations % OF CCET
AGENCY (‘000) ALLOCATIONS
Department of Public Works and 16,062,220 72.17% (72%)
Highways
Metropolitan Manila Development 1,989,973 8.94% (9%)
Authority
Government Owned- and 1,830,984 8.23% (8%)
Controlled-Corporations21
Department of Social and Welfare 1,642,422 7.38% (8%)
Development
Department of Environment and 454,903 2.04% (2%)
Natural Resources
State Universities and Colleges22 174,896 0.79%
(1%)
Department of Tourism 76,423 0.34%
Department of Science and 13,968 0.06%
Technology
National Historical Commission of 10,000 0.04%
the Philippines
Another notable P/A/P under this priority area is the implementation of solid waste
disposal and management of designated sanitary landfill facilities of MMDA with
allocation of PHP 1.9 billion.
While the 3rd largest share comes from BSGC with PHP 1.8 billion budget allocation
focusing on supporting income opportunities from industries adapting to climate
change, and enhancing sustainable and climate-friendly tourism strategies.
The rest is from DSWD, DENR, SUCs DOT, DOST and OEOs with varying P/A/Ps
related to (1) developing climate-smart products; (2) supporting the livelihood of
vulnerable populations against climate impacts; and (3) conducting baseline
inventory of climate-smart industries and services.
ii. Analysis
The proposed climate budget on Climate Smart Industries and Services (CSIS)
amounts to 22.3B with a 90.1% total climate allocation for FY 2022. It constitutes
7.8% of the total climate action and ranks fourth (4th) among other NCCAP priorities.
Increasing climate resiliency of public infrastructures

Looking at CSIS proposed investments under FY2022, it can be observed that the
government is incorporating climate risk information and considerations in the
design, construction, and rehabilitation of public infrastructures.
21
National Irrigation Administration and Tourism Promotion Board
22
Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University, Pangasinan State University, Batanes State College, Central Luzon State University,
Cebu Normal University, Eastern Samar State University, University of Eastern Philippines, Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College,
Caraga State University, Surigao del Sur State University
38
Most of the reported climate investments in these area are Build. Build. Build
infrastructure projects implemented by the DPWH.
Figure 10 Zamboanga City By-Pass Road tagged to both CCET and Build.Build.Build Program. Image source:
http://www.build.gov.ph/
Next to it are the climate-proofing infrastructure projects of SUC’s academic

facilities. It is noteworthy that during the CCET Helpdesk’s assessment of SUCs’
infrastructure projects, most of them reported that they used Climate Risk Analysis
and CDRA in identifying the location and design of their academic facilities.
They’ve also shared to the Helpdesk that historical lessons and experiences on
climate-related disasters increase the will and awareness of SUC leaders to
incorporate and mainstream climate change in their programs and infrastructure
projects.
Increasing Mitigation P/A/Ps in CSIS

The CCET Helpdesk observed the increase of the government’s investments on
climate change mitigation P/A/Ps based on the historical data on CSIS tagging.
During the previous fiscal years, investments on CSIS primarily focused on

adaptation alone with few direct climate change mitigation actions. The MMDA’s
sanitary landfill P/A/P provides the significant investment on CSIS mitigation
activities amounting to PHP 1.9 billion.
Developing GHG inventory baseline of DENR-EMB,

and intensification of waste recycling of Zamboanga
City State Polytechnic College comes next with a
combined amount of PHP 131 million.
Figure 11 Climate Mitigation in the Despite the increasing mitigation P/A/Ps tagged in
Industry starts with the conduct of CSIS, the quantification of reduced or avoided GHG
GHG inventory baseline data. Icon
used is from an Inforgraphia paid
emissions must be produced, reported and verified in
subscription
39
the National GHG Inventory to ensure its effectiveness and contribution in
addressing climate change.
The country must not only be

energy secure but must also ensure
that production and/or extraction of
energy is environmentally
sustainable.
The Sustainable energy thematic

priority focuses on:
1. Promotion and
implementation of energy
efficiency and conservation
nationwide;
2. Enhancement in the development of sustainable and renewable energy;
3. Promotion and adoption of environmentally sustainable transport, and
4. Climate-proofing and rehabilitation and improvement of energy systems
infrastructure.
The Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) led the investments on
Sustainable Energy (SE) (26.4% or 15.8 million) focusing on complementing
activities for a sustainable transport sector like feasibility studies and detailed
engineering.
Chart 10: Climate Change Tagged Proposed Budget by Department

under Sustainable Energy FY2022 (NEP Level)
2% 1%
Department of Transportation (DOTr)
4%
Department of Public Works and
Highways (DPWH)
Government Owned- and Controlled-

Corporations (GOCCs)
26% Department of Energy (DOE)
Metropolitan Manila Development

67% Authority (MMDA)
Department of Science and Technology

(DOST)
Department of Tourism (DOT)
Department of Health (DOH)
Note for Chart 10: Values have been rounded off. Values on the following Departments were not reflected given its
miniscule percentage in the total climate budget proposal: Department of Science and Technology (0.034%),
Department of Health (0.016%), Department of Tourism (0.009%), and Camarines Sur Polytechnic College (0.006%)40
The 31 P/A/Ps tagged under this priority are investments geared towards: (1)
Sustainable Energy Research and Development and Service Delivery led by DOE;
and (2) Environmentally Sustainable Transport led by DOTr and MMDA.
AGENCY CCET Allocations % OF CCET

(‘000) ALLOCATIONS
Department of PHP 40,319,163 67.24% (67%)
Transportation
Department of Public PHP 15,824,166 26.39% (26%)
Works and Highways
Government Owned- and PHP 2,560,936 4.27% (4%)
Controlled-Corporations23
Department of Energy PHP 855,479 1.43% (2%)
Metropolitan Manila PHP 360,437 0.60% (1%)
Development Authority
and Technology
Department of Health PHP 9,300 0.016%
Department of Tourism PHP 5,627 0.009%
Camarines Sur PHP 3,500 0.006%
Polytechnic College
Department under Sustainable Energy Strategic Priorities for FY2022
NEP level
The total allocation for the priority amounts to PHP 59.9 billion and constitutes less
than 21% of the total climate allocation for FY 2022. More than 54% of the
allocation is related to adaptation while the rest is related to mitigation.
This strategic priority also contains most of climate change mitigations investments
in NEP FY2022 – PHP 41.5 billion. The majority of these, are the mitigation-related
infrastructure projects of DOTr tagged both in the Build. Build. Build. and NDC
policies and measures.
ii. Analysis
Investing in Low-Carbon Energy Solutions
Among main climate investment components in Sustainable Energy for NEP
FY2022 are the key energy-related programs of DOE and Build. Build. Build.
transport infrastructures of DOTr.
Department of Energy
For FY2022 NEP climate proposed budget, Table 11 features the lead energy
implementing agency integrated climate change in the following key banner
programs:
Climate-tagged P/A/P Amount

Formulation, updating and monitoring of short, medium
and long term national and regional energy policies, PHP 36,853
plans and programs
Promotion of renewable energy (RE) resources PHP 6,789
23
Philippine Fisheries Development Authority, Sugar Regulatory Administration, National Power Corporation, Authority of the Freeport
Area of Bataan, and Credit Information Corporation
41
Supervision and regulation of exploration, development
PHP 38,308
and utilization of RE resources and technologies
Biofuels Program PHP 7,890
Total Electrification Project PHP 500,000
Supervision, development and implementation of energy
efficiency and conservation programs (EECP) and PHP 8,838
projects
Promotion of EECP activities and projects PHP 11,749
Conduct of energy audit services PHP 690
National Energy Efficiency and Conservation Program PHP 139,915
Promotion of research, development, demonstration and
PHP 13,347
utilization of alternative fuels and technologies
Alternative Fuels for Transportation and Other Purposes PHP 91,500
Department of Transportation
The climate-tagged transportation programs of the DOTr are part of the
Administration’s Build. Build. Build. program aims to address urban traffic,
create more public transportations, and to contribute to the reduction and
avoidance of GHG emissions. The following transportation infrastructure
projects in Table 12 were reported and tagged to CCET:
Climate-tagged P/A/P Amount

Rail Transport PHP 110.9B
PHP 1.1B24
Aviation Program
These low-carbon energy sector investments were identified as part of the NDC
unconditional policies and measures, which will be discussed further in the Annex
II of this Brief.
24
Actual amount reported by the Department of Transportation Air Transport Planning Division in their CCET QAR
42
The NCCAP states that having
knowledge on the science, issues, and
risks as well as appropriate capacity to
address the issue of climate change are
critical components to building climate
resilient communities and ecosystems.
In this strategic priority area, national

government institutions proposed
Image source: DOST-PAGASA climate budgets focused on:
• Accessing relevant information
and localizing it from the local- and community-level perspective;
• Creating a good data management and reporting system;
• Disseminating relevant climate information; and
• Capacity Development
For FY2022, the proposed climate budget under the Knowledge and Capacity
Development strategic priority amounts to PHP 2.3B with a focus on climate change
adaptation.

Department under KCD FY2022 (NEP Level)
1%
Department of Science and
3% Technology (DOST)
6%
Department of National Defense
6% (DND)
32%
Department of Agriculture (DA)

Natural Resources (DENR)
Department of the Interior and
Local Government (DILG)
30%
(SUCs)
Other Executive Offices (OEOs)
Note for Chart 11: Values have been rounded off. Values on the Climate Change Commission was not reflected given
its miniscule percentage in the total climate budget proposal (0.02%).
43
The Department of Science and Technology (DOST) led the investments on
KCD (32.5% or 748 million) focusing on climate research and development,
climate data management and reporting system, and dissemination climate
information.

Department of Science and PHP 748,541 32.51% (32%)
Technology (DOST)
Department of Tourism (DOT) PHP 681,938 29.62% (30%)
Department of National PHP 500,000 21.71% (22%)
Defense (DND)
Department of Agriculture (DA) PHP 138,922 6.03% (6%)
Department of Environment PHP 131,450 5.71% (6%)
and Natural Resources (DENR)
Department of Interior and PHP 76,000 3.30% (3%)
Local Government (DILG)
State Universities and Colleges PHP 25,298 1.10% (1%)
(SUCs)25
Climate Change Commission PHP 424 0.02%

Department under Knowledge and Capacity Development Strategic
DOST’s climate investments support the modernization of climate and weather

equipment, and data management and reporting its Science and Technology
arm – PAGASA towards a more accurate climate reporting and impact
assessment.
The second part of the KCD pie focuses on capacity development and
dissemination of climate change adaptation and mitigation information by these
institutions: DOT, CCC, DA-PhilMech, DILG-LGA, and DND-OCD.
Figure 12 Local CCET Virtual Webinar delivered last 04-06 May 2021
25
Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College, North Luzon Philippines State College, and Surigao State College of Technology
44
The remaining KCD investments is to support climate change adaptation-
related research and development from DENR-ERBD and DENR-NAMRIA.
Some SUCs also proposed climate budgets in this strategic area to further
review their educational curricula and modules on climate change.
ii. Analysis
The proposed climate budget for FY2022 is significantly higher from the
previous KCD investments.
NEP FY2021 GAA FY2021 NEP FY2022

PHP 881,942 PHP 1,242,064 PHP 2,302,573
Table 14 shows the significant growth of the climate budget allocations tagged
under Knowledge and Capacity Development Strategic Priorities for FY2021 NEP
level to FY2022 NEP level
Absence of investments on climate change mitigation

While there is a significant increase in KCD’s investments compared from
previous budget phases, it must be noted that for NEP FY2022 there is no
proposed climate change mitigation investments.
Its previous CCM investment from DOST-PCIEERD that focuses on CCM

research has been upscaled to an action delivery focused climate investment
on the Sustainable Energy strategic priority.
Despite the absence of investments on climate change mitigation in KCD, it

should be noted that some P/A/Ps proposed in this strategic area do and might
have a CCM component. It just so happen that the current system of tagging
only recognize one attribution between CCA and CCM.
For example, the Training Course Development P/A/P of CCC tagged under a
CCA typology, do contain a mitigation component (Course Development on
GHG Inventory). However, since that most of the budget component of the
P/A/P is for adaptation, the whole budget is tagged under CCA based on the
existing CCET rule.
KCD is an incubator hub for scaled-up CC actions

Investments under KCD are classified into general delivery of climate change
information, research and development, and capacity development.
45
Aside from SUCs, DOST-PAGASA and CCC, which do have specific mandate
on the generation of climate information and capacity development, national
government institutions tagging under climate actions under KCD are
considered to undergo the process of ‘Scaling-up of CC actions’.
Figure 13 Scaling up of Key Adaptation Strategies/Best Practices developed and reported in the Philippine NCCAP
Monitoring and Evaluation Report 2011-2016
Scaling-up of climate change actions as described in the NCCAP M&E 2011-

2016 Report is liked the one-way transfer of technology processes, i.e. the
sequential processes of technology flow along the science-practice continuum
(Asopa and Beye, 1997).
An example in this case under the KCD CCET-tagged P/A/P is DOST-

PCIEERD – Development, integration, and coordination of the National
Research System for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Sectors
P/A/P.
In previous years, the above-mentioned P/A/P was tagged to the generic

typology of Support to Climate Change Mitigation, wherein the implementation
of the P/A/P is assumed to undergo identification of CC action, and testing and
piloting. Once the P/A/P is ready for scaling up, it has been tagged to a specific
CC action.
In this case, the Development, integration, and coordination of the National

Research System for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Sectors
P/A/P is tagged to Sustainable Energy thematic priority focusing on the
conduct of risk and vulnerability assessments of energy systems.
46
Climate Action plan such as the
NCCAP recognizes the certain
activities cut across strategic
priorities and sectors. Most of the
activities that cover multiple
thematic priorities. In the CCET
Typology Code Manual, cross-
cutting climate actions have two
sub-strategic priorities: (1)
Convergence Planning and
Coordination; and (2) Finance. Image source: DENR-MGB Region XI
For the Fiscal Year 2022, the cross-cutting thematic priority has a total of 512 M
of investments.

Department under Cross-cutting Priorities FY2022 (NEP
Level)
Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR)
6%
17% Department of Agriculture (DA)
51% Climate Change Commission (CCC)
26% Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA)
Presidential Communications
Operations Office (PCOO)
State Universities and Colleges (SUCs)
Majority of its P/A/Ps tagged under this thematic priority come from the
Department of Environment and Natural Resources which covers at least 50.64%
of the total allotment.
The larger portion of the allotment was tagged under Climate Mitigation, which
focused on the monitoring national and local climate change action, primarily on
the implementation of ecological solid waste management regulations.
47
The Table 15 below shows the corresponding allotment from agencies as well
as the percentage of their tagged investments

Department of Environment and PHP 259,638 50.64% (51%)
Department of Tourism (DOT) PHP 132,488 25.84% (26%)
Department of Agriculture (DA) PHP 85,032 16.59% (17%)
Climate Change Commission PHP 32,738 6.39 (6%)
(CCC)
Department of Foreign Affairs PHP 1,748 0.34
(DFA)
Presidential Communications PHP 737 0.14
Operations Office (PCOO)
State Universities and Colleges PHP 290 0.06
(SUCs)26
ii. Analysis
Delivery of Climate Change Capacity Building and Technical Assistance
Most of the cross-cutting P/A/Ps under this strategic area focused on the
provision of trainings and material on community-based adaptation actions that
constitute the development of local climate change action plans.
The Climate Change Commission and SUCs are major implementers of these
capacity development. These institutions assist Local Government Units in the
development of their Local Climate Change Action Plan required under the
Climate Change Act, as amended.
Convergence Planning and Coordination

Agencies like CCC, DOT and DFA mainstream climate actions through
convergence planning and coordination. The CCC continues to the bureaucracy
to mainstream climate change through setting policy direction on national and
local climate actions. Moreover, together with DFA, advances the country’s
position on international climate change negotiations.
On the other hand, the DOT with support from CCC is mainstreaming climate
change in various tourism master plans. These master plans are undergoing
stakeholder consultations in the tourism and accommodation sector.
26
Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College, North Luzon Philippines State College, and Surigao State College of Technology
48
Overview of the CCET and PCB-RRP
The cross-sectoral nature of climate response has necessitated a number of important
institutional reforms to facilitate dialogue and strengthen convergence across programs among
NGAs and LGUs.
By virtue of Executive Order (EO) No. 24 s. 2017, the CCAM DRRM Cluster, which includes
Secretaries from 20 departments and agencies (now 27 agencies by Cluster Resolutions), was
mandated to link the member agencies’ budgets with performance outcomes.
To foster convergence across the CCAM-DRR Member Agencies and implement the EO, the
Cabinet Cluster adopted the CCAM-DRR Roadmap 2018-2022 with the Risk Resiliency
Program (RRP) to support its implementation and assist the GOP in delivering climate change
adaptation and mitigation outcomes, particularly in strengthening the resiliency of natural
ecosystems and adaptive capacity of vulnerable communities to short and long term risks in
key Philippine landscapes.
The RRP is one of the programs under the DBM’s Program Convergence Budgeting (PCB),
with five (5) key investment areas:
• Community Livelihood, and Enterprise Continuity Program
• Integrated Water Resources Management Program
• Enhancing Coastal Protection Program
• Climate and Disaster Information Services Program
• Seismic Resiliency Program
All of these are aligned with the Philippine Development Plan 2016-2022, and have direct and
indirect links to the NCCAP 2011-2028.
As part of the national budget preparation for FY2022, the CCAM-DRR agencies proposed
133 programs for PCB.
For FY 2022 National Expenditure Program, the RRP amounts to PHP 293 billion
reflecting a whole-of-government CCAM-DRR coordination among the Cluster’s member
agencies, including the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE)27.
The FY 2022 proposed PCB-RRP budget is 92.5% higher compared to the FY2021 NEP
levels (PHP 152.35 billion).
Below is the distribution of P/A/Ps per member agency of the CCAM-DRR Cabinet Cluster:
27
As member agency to Task Force Build Back Better
49
Chart 13: PCB-RRP Proposed Budget by Department under
FY2022 (NEP Level)
160,000,000.00
140,000,000.00
120,000,000.00
100,000,000.00
80,000,000.00
60,000,000.00
40,000,000.00
20,000,000.00
-
Image source: DENR Climate Change Services
AGENCY PCB-RRP Allocations % OF

Department of Public Works and PHP 134,529,543 45.85%
Highways (DPWH)
Department of Transportation (DOTr) PHP 105,036,824 35.79%
Department of Labor and PHP 21,208,041 7.23%
Employment (DOLE)
Department of Agriculture (DA) PHP 11,454,467 3.90%
Department of Environment and PHP 7,174,975 2.46%
Government Owned- and Controlled- PHP 4,500,000 1.53%
Corporations (GOCCs)
Metropolitan Manila Development PHP 4,416,097 1.50%
Authority (MMDA)
Department of Social Welfare and PHP 1,642,422 0.56%
Development (DSWD)
Department of Science and PHP 1,325,518 0.45%
Technology (DOST)
Department of Energy (DOE) PHP 855,479 0.30%
Department of National Defense PHP 446,071 0.15%
(DND)
Department of Agrarian Reform PHP 301,012 0.10%
(DAR)
Department of Health (DOH) PHP 274,512 0.09%
Department of Interior and Local PHP 176,000 0.06%
Government (DILG)
Department of Human Settlements PHP 57,083 0.02%
and Urban Development (DHSUD)
Climate Change Commission (CCC) PHP 1,700 0.0005
Department of Trade and Industry PHP 330 0.0001
(DTI)
Table 16 shows the proposed PCB-RRP per Department under the

FY2022 NEP level
50
A total of 29 participating agencies and one (1) Government Owned- and Controlled-
Corporation receiving Budgetary Support from the Government submitted their proposed
PCB P/A/Ps. As mandated under the National Budget Memorandum No. 138 s. 2021
(Budget Call for FY 2022), these P/A/Ps were reviewed and aligned with the priority
policies, strategies and projects of the Cabinet Cluster, Inter Agency Task Force (IATF)
Technical Working Group on Anticipatory and Forward Plan, and Task Force Build Back
Better. This is to ensure that these CCAM-DRR responses also contributes to the
pandemic recovery efforts of the government.
i. Linkage between the CCET and PCB-RRP

In its capacity as the focal agency handling the CCET Helpdesk and as the Secretariat
of the Cabinet Cluster on CCAM-DRR, the CCC is coordinating with DBM and DENR
(as the Chair of the Cluster), towards harmonization of the processes of the PCB-RRP
and CCET.
Initial harmonization began last April 2020 wherein the three (3) agencies (CCC, DBM,
and DENR) conducted a joint virtual orientation to the member agencies of the Cluster
to discuss the linkage and importance of the CCET and PCB-RRP.
Figure 14 Map of the 22 Vulnerable Provinces and Four (4) Major Urban Centers
The CCC and DENR reported that initial convergence can be done by identifying
climate-tagged budgets in the CCET of the agencies that can is covered by the
targeted geographic locations (i.e. 22 vulnerable provinces, 822 coastal municipalities,
and major urban centers of Manila, Cebu and Davao) of the RRP for FY2018-2022.
51
PCB-RRP Area of CCET
Process Convergence Process
CCAM-DRR related Climate Change Climate Change

public investments Adaptation and Adaptation and
under Cluster’s Mitigation PAPs Mitigation
identified proposed by the programs/activities/pr
geographical areas Cluster Agencies and ojects of the
and aligned with identified Provincial Bureaucracy under
Cluster’s key and Local Government the GAA
investment areas Units
Figure 15 Entry points of the CCET and PCB-RRP Harmonization Process
The CCET Helpdesk guided the Cluster Member Agencies that all climate change-
related proposals in the PCB-RRP will also be tagged to the CCET, and since CCET
typology code is also required to be filled-up in the PCB-RRP form, the code should
also be vetted by the Helpdesk.
In August 2020, CCC and DENR tapped the World Bank’s Technical Assistance (under
the Accelerating Climate Investments Project or ACIP) to study the harmonization of
the CCET and PCB-RRP processes. This activity provides an opportunity to strengthen
further the convergence and collaboration amongst National Government Agencies
and aids in scaling up climate response.
In July 2021, the World Bank’s ACIP Technical Assistance, the need for harmonization
between the two systems were analyzed and concluded the following findings:
• The design and objectives of the CCET and RRP are interrelated but distinct. The
CCET is primarily a climate budget monitoring system to be implemented in
perpetuity across national and subnational institutions unless corresponding
policies are rescinded. The RRP is a transitive program with a definite timeframe,
participated in by predetermined national and subnational actors in priority
provinces and oriented towards achieving the outcomes outlined in the CCAM-
DRR Cabinet Cluster Roadmap 2018-2022.
• The distinctiveness of the CCET and RRP is not disharmonious in that it would
need harmonization. Both CCET and RRP can independently take actions in a
manner that their operating structures can interoperate based on a common data
language. Already, the CCET and RRP are designing improvements in their own
operating structures where harmonization may add unnecessary pressure.
• For a silent harmony between CCET and RRP to be functional, they have to clarify
what they need from each other and for what purpose. Both are still in the process
of internal improvements (in CCET, improving compliance and system stability: in
the RRP, operationalizing the MER and other instruments). These internal
processes are essential for operationalizing the silent harmony between the two28.
28
Quitoriano, E. L. (2021). (rep.). The Philippines' Climate Change Expenditure Tagging System: The CCET as an Enforcing Planning and
Programming Instrument (pp. 1–46). Manila, NCR: World Bank.
52
ii. How much of the PCB RRP is tagged to climate actions
As mentioned in the Linkage between CCET and PCB-RRP, not all P/A/Ps in the PCB-
RRP are climate actions, and addressed geologic- and human-induced disasters.
The Table 17 presents the climate-tagged amount of P/A/Ps in the proposed PCB-
RRP:
53
RRP-PCB Amount CCET-tagged Description of climate
Department/Agency P/A/P
in ‘000 amount29 in ‘000 action 30
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC
WORKS AND HIGHWAYS
Office of the Construction / Rehabilitation PHP 3,416,139 PHP 3,416,139 A224-01 – Implement water
Secretary of Water Supply / Septage / harvesting technologies and
Rain Water Collection System designs to improve
management of storm water
Construction / Maintenance of PHP 72,119,162 PHP 72,119,162 A214-03 – Incorporate climate

Flood Mitigation Structures change and climate variability
and Drainage Systems in design standards for flood
control and drainage systems
A214-03 – Incorporate climate

Construction / Rehabilitation PHP 37,672,404 PHP 37,672,404 change and climate variability
of Flood Mitigation Facilities in design standards for flood
along Major River Basins and control and drainage systems
Principal Rivers
DEPARTMENT OF
TRANSPORTATION
Office of the RAIL TRANSPORT
Secretary PROGRAM
Metro Manila Subway Project PHP 34,601,022 PHP 34,601,022 M634-01 – Urban traffic
Phase I management (e.g. improve
traffic flow) to reduce GHG
emissions per unit transported
29
Climate Budget Allocation approved in the National Expenditure Tagging FY2022
30
Based on the approved CCET Typology Code used
54
LRT Line 1 Cavite Extension PHP 3,448,352 PHP 501,042 M634-01 – Urban traffic
management (e.g. improve
PNR South Long Haul Project PHP 2,981,989 PHP 2,981,989 M634-01 – Urban traffic
Subic-Clark Railway Project PHP 1,020,630 PHP 1,020,630 M634-01 – Urban traffic
AVIATATION
INFRASTRUCTURE
PROGRAM
Catbalogan Airport PHP 950,000 PHP 950,000 A644-01 – Protect transport
infrastructure against extreme
weather events (especially
floods and storms) becoming
more frequent and violent due
to climate change and climate
variability
Tandag Airport PHP 264,480 PHP 264,480 A644-01 – Protect transport

infrastructure against extreme
weather events (especially
55
variability
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL
AND WELFARE
DEVELOPMENT Disaster Response and PHP 1,642,422 PHP 1,642,422 A524-02 – Protect transport
Office of the Rehabilitation Program infrastructure against extreme
Secretary weather events (especially
variability
GOVERNMENT OWNED-
AND CONTROLLED-
CORPORATION
(BUDGETARY SUPPORT
TO GOVERNMENT
CORPORATIONS)
Department of Agricultural insurance for PHP 4,500,000 PHP 4,500,000 A124-02 – Introduce weather
Agriculture – farmers and fisherfolk under and/or climate indexed
Philippine Crop RSBSA insurance programs (e.g. crop
Insurance insurance)
Corporation
DEPARTMENT OF
INTERIOR AND LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
Local Government Development and PHP 76,000 PHP 76,000 A723-04 – Conduct trainings
Academy implementation of capacity on community-based climate
development programs for change adaptation and
LGU and DILG LG – sector disaster risk reduction
56
DEPARTMENT OF
NATIONAL DEFENSE
Office of Civil Empowering Sectors on PHP 446,071 PHP 54,168 A411-01 – Mainstreaming
Defense DRRM Resiliency climate change adaptation
(CCA) and disaster risk
reduction and management
(DRRM) in local plans
DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE
Office of the PSS on the National Rice PHP 558,509 PHP 558,509 A112-03 – Develop climate-
Secretary Program resilient crop and livestock
production systems and
technologies
PSS on the National Livestock PHP 362,909 PHP 362,909 A112-03 – Develop climate-
Program resilient crop and livestock
technologies
PSS on the National High PHP 49,826 PHP 49,82631 A112-03 – Develop climate-
Value Crops Development resilient crop and livestock
Program production systems and
technologies
ESETS on the National Rice PHP 209,832 PHP 209,832 A123-02 – Develop and
Program conduct formal and non-
formal training programs on
climate change adaptation
reduction (DRR)
31
The proposed amount in the NEP FY2022 CCET-tagged PSS on the National High Value Crops Development Program is PHP 108,053,000.00
57
ESETS on the National PHP 17,735 PHP 17,735 A123-02 – Develop and
Livestock Program conduct formal and non-
reduction (DRR)
ESETS on the National Corn PHP 8,358 PHP 8,35832 A123-02 – Develop and
Program conduct formal and non-
reduction (DRR)
R&D on the National Rice PHP 48,904 PHP 48,904 A113-03 – Develop climate-
technologies
R&D on the National PHP 1,000 PHP 1,000 M111-01 – Introduce rules
Livestock Program and regulations to reduce the
emissions of greenhouse
gases (GHGs), or absorption
of GHGs in the agricultural
sector
PAEF on the National Rice PHP 464,190 PHP 464,190 A112-03 – Develop climate-
technologies
32
The proposed amount in the NEP FY2022 CCET-tagged ESETS on the National Corn Program is PHP 71,579,000.00
58
PAEF on the National Corn PHP 3,216,000 PHP 3,174,000 A112-03 – Develop climate-
technologies
INS on the National Rice PHP 932,758 PHP 932,758 A114-04 – Construct / Repair
Program / Rehabilitate national and
communal irrigation systems,
dams and water storage
systems to manage changes
in the water cycle due to
climate change and climate
variability
INS on the National Corn PHP 4,980 PHP 4,98033 A114-04 – Construct / Repair
Program / Rehabilitate national and
communal irrigation systems,
variability
INS on the National High PHP 27,334 PHP 27,33434 A114-04 – Construct / Repair
Value Crops Development / Rehabilitate national and
Program communal irrigation systems,
variability
33
The proposed amount in the NEP FY2022 CCET-tagged INS on the National Corn Program is PHP 33,520,000.00
34
The proposed amount in the NEP FY2022 CCET-tagged INS on the National Corn Program is PHP 93,137,000.00
59
Repair /Rehabilitation and PHP 4,980,000 PHP 4,980,00035 A111-01 – Incorporate climate
Construction of Farm-to- change and climate variability
Market Roads in Designated considerations in agricultural
Key Production production and distribution
systems (including irrigation)
policies and planning
Bureau of Fisheries Fishing gear / paraphernalia PHP 175,192 PHP 47,625 M114-03 – Improve energy
and Aquatic distribution efficiency in fishing fleets
Resources
Fisheries production and PHP 13,500 PHP 13,50036 A111-04 – Harmonize climate
distribution change adaptation plans in
local resource management
and local fisheries
development
Agricultural Credit Agro-Industry Modernization PHP 315,000 PHP 315,000 A124-01 – Implement climate
Policy Council Credit and Financing Program change risk transfer and
(AMCFP) Administration social protection mechanisms
in agriculture and fisheries
DEPARTMENT OF
AGRARIAN REFORM
Office of the Climate Resilient Farm PHP 301,012 PHP 301,012 A112-03 – Develop climate-
Secretary Productivity Support resilient crop and livestock
technologies
35
The proposed amount in the NEP FY2022 CCET-tagged INS on Repair / Rehabilitation and Construction of Farm-to-Market Roads in Designated Key Production is PHP 5,079,299,000.00
36
The proposed amount in the NEP FY2022 CCET-tagged Fisheries production and distribution is PHP 38,652,000.00
60
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Office of the National and Regional Energy PHP 36,853 PHP 36,853 M621-01 – Strengthen
Secretary Planning Program regulatory and institutional
framework to support
expansion of renewable
energy production and use
Renewable Energy PHP 14,679 PHP 14,67937 M623-03 – Sector reform and
Development Program capacity building related to
promotion of renewable
energy
Energy Efficiency and PHP 148,353 PHP 148,35338 M611-03 – Sector reform and
Conservation Program capacity building related to
energy efficiency and efficient
energy pricing
Electric Power Industry PHP 500,000 PHP 500,000 M623-03 – Sector reform and
Management Program capacity building related to
promotion of renewable
energy
Alternative Fuels and PHP 104,847 PHP 104,847 M632-04 – Research and
Technologies Program development in low-carbon or
non-fossil fuel transport
technologies
DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT AND
NATURAL RESOURCES Forestland Management
Project PHP 483,005 PHP 483,005
37
The proposed amount in the NEP FY2022 CCET-tagged Renewable Energy Development Program is PHP 45,097,000.00.
38
The proposed amount in the NEP FY2022 CCET-tagged Energy Efficiency and Conservation Program is PHP 160,102,000.00.
61
Office of the A314-02 – Conserve and
Secretary protect existing watershed
Protected Areas and protected areas
Development and PHP 1,061,337 PHP 1,061,337
Management Program A314-02 – Conserve and
protect existing watershed
and protected areas
Management of Coastal and
Marine Resources/Areas PHP 271,801 PHP 271,801
A314-01 – Retain or re-
establish mangrove forests,
wetlands, and other
ecosystems considerations to
as protection against floods
Implementation of Clean Air risks
Regulations PHP 130,154 PHP 130,154
Environmental M512-01 – Conduct baseline
Management Bureau inventory of climate-smart
industries and services and
Implementation of Clean good practices in the country
Water Regulations PHP 298,019 PHP 298,019
A231-01 – Design guidance
for incorporating climate risk
into water sanitation and
treatment planning, operation,
and management (including
accounting for increased
construction and
maintenance costs that
Implementation of Ecological account for climate risk)
Solid Waste Management PHP 256,450 PHP 256,450
Regulations M844-01 – Monitoring of
national and local climate
change mitigation actions
62
Water Resources Supply and PHP 12,500 PHP 11,000
National Water Demand Assessment A211-02 – Develop policy and
Resources Board guidelines for water
conservation, allocation,
recycling and reuse
CLIMATE CHANGE Policy Development PHP 1,500 PHP 1,50039 A831-01 – Setting policy
COMMISSION direction on national and local
action
Production of Training and PHP 100 PHP 10040 A833-01 – Provide trainings
Information Materials / and information material on
Knowledge Management community-based adaptation
actions
Delivery of Training PHP 100 PHP 10041 A833-01 – Provide trainings

Workshops and information material on
community-based adaptation
actions
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
Office of the Support to the Harmonized PHP 96,446 PHP 96,446 A711-01 – Provide trainings
Secretary National S&T Agenda and information material on
community-based adaptation
actions
39
The proposed amount in the NEP FY2022 CCET-tagged Policy Development is PHP 13,966,000.00.
40
The proposed amount in the NEP FY2022 CCET-tagged Production of Training and Information Materials / Knowledge Management is PHP 3,989,000.00.
41
The proposed amount in the NEP FY2022 CCET-tagged Delivery of Training Workshop is PHP 3,102,000.00.
63
Philippine Operation and maintenance PHP 104,930 PHP 104,930 A713-03 – Improve
Atmospheric, of Weather Surveillance government systems and
Geophysical and Radar Network infrastructure required for
Astronomical climate change modeling and
Services climate forecasting
Administration
Installation, Repair and PHP 4,842 PHP 4,842 A714-01 –
Maintenance of Telemetering Construction/Rehabilitation of
Multiplex System for Flood Weather stations and facilities
Forecasting and Warning
Systems of the 18 Major River
Basins
Construction/repair/ PHP 71,927 PHP 30,298 A714-01 –

rehabilitation of damaged Construction/Rehabilitation of
weather stations and ICT Weather stations and facilities
equipment and facilities
Typhoon and weather PHP 71,311 PHP 21,629 A713-03 – Improve

warning, including marine and government systems and
aviation forecasting and infrastructure required for
operation of meteorological climate change modeling and
communication and regional climate forecasting
forecast center
Climate data management, PHP 43,642 PHP 12,923 A712-01 – Support research
agrometeorological and on CC adaptation
climate change research and
development
Observation, measurement, PHP 379,479 PHP 181,890 A713-03 – Improve

recording and reporting of government systems and
atmospheric, geophysical and infrastructure required for
astronomical data, including
64
the operation and climate change modeling and
maintenance of automated climate forecasting
observational data from
surface and upper-air
observation network
Operation of upgraded PHP 4,414 PHP 4,414 A714-02 – Operation of

meteorological satellite weather surveillance
receiving and processing infrastructures
systems
Data Rescue and Digitization PHP 6,786 PHP 6,786 A713-03 – Improve
of Climatological and government systems and
Agrometeorological Archive infrastructure required for
climate change modeling and
climate forecasting
Operationalization of PHP 4,330 PHP 4,330 A113-01 – Establish climate

Agrometeorological information systems and
Information System database/resource network
on agriculture sector
Flood forecasting and hydro- PHP 42,638 PHP 21,454 A214-01 – Improve early
meteorological services warning information and alert
systems to increase
readiness to extreme flood
risks
Operation and maintenance PHP 14,352 PHP 14,352 A212-01 – Study "low cost, no
of the flood forecasting and regrets" adaptation measures
warning system for dam and technologies under
operation various hydrologic conditions,
supply-demand conditions,
and policy scenarios for
65
surface and groundwater
systems
Establishment of an PHP 29,217 PHP 29,217 A214-01 – Improve early

Integrated Hydrological Data warning information and alert
Management System systems to increase
(HDMS) for Flood Forecasters readiness to extreme flood
risks
Research on Atmospheric, PHP 24,983 PHP 24,983 A712-01 – Support research

Geophysical and Allied on CC adaptation
Sciences
Philippine Council Development, integration and PHP 13,968 PHP 13,968 A524-02 – Support new
for Agriculture, coordination of the National income generating
Aquatic and Natural Research System for the opportunities and industries
Resources Research AANR Sector utilizing natural resource
and Development better adapted to climate
change and climate variability
Philippine Council Development, Integration, PHP 25,554 PHP 25,554 A421-01 – Develop policy
for Health Research Management and requiring integration of climate
and Development Coordination of the National change and disaster risk
Health Research System for reduction concepts and
Health and Related Fields approaches In medical and
allied health training courses
Philippine Council Development, integration, PHP 20,468 PHP 20,468 A642-02 – Conduct of risk and
for Industry, Energy and coordination of the vulnerability assessments of
and Emerging National Research System for energy systems
Technology Industry, Energy and
Research and
66
Development Emerging Technology
(PCIEERD) Sectors
National Research Development, integration and PHP 3,302 PHP 3,302 A222-02 – Improve hydromet
Council of the coordination of the National infrastructure and monitoring
Philippines Research System for Basic systems for data collection
Research and management and the
development and delivery of
information, products and
services to increase flood
resilience
Philippine Institute Volcanic, earthquake and PHP 2,884 PHP 2,884 A412-01 – Develop innovative
of Volcanology and tsunami hazard mapping and technologies and
Seismology risk assessment methodologies to
communicating climate-
related emergency
information to relevant
populations and communities
DYNASLOPE: Development PHP 45,803 PHP 45,803 A412-01 – Develop innovative

of Site - Specific Threshold for technologies and
Deep-seated Landslides and methodologies to
Slope Failures communicating climate-
related emergency
information to relevant
populations and communities
REDAS: Capacity-building of PHP 5,470 PHP 5,470 A433-01 – Conduct of

Philippine Local Communities trainings and capacity
on the use of REDAS buildings in integrating of
Software climate-risks and information
67
into land use planning and
zoning
METRO MANILA Flood Control Structures / PHP 1,072,277 PHP 1,072,277 ßA214-03 – Incorporate
DEVELOPMENT Facilities climate change and climate
AUTHORITY variability in design standards
for flood control and drainage
systems
Solid waste disposal and PHP 1,989,973 PHP 1,989,973

management of designated M534-01 – Construction of
Sanitary Landfill facilities for sanitary landfill facilities
the payment of disposal fees
Metro Manila Flood PHP 714,521 PHP 714,521

Management Project Phase 1 A234-01 – Incorporate
Component 2 Minimizing changes in design of
Solid Waste in Waterways sanitation systems,
and Component 4 Project wastewater treatment and
Management and disposal system in response
Coordination to extreme weather and flood
events arising from climate
change and climate variability
Operations and maintenance PHP 59,775 PHP 59,775
of various transport facilities M634-01 – Urban traffic
and infrastructures management (e.g. improve
MMDA Roadside PHP 180,574 PHP 180,574

Maintenance Program - Out- M634-01 – Urban traffic
of School Youth Towards management (e.g. improve
Economic Recovery Program traffic flow) to reduce GHG
(OYSTERS) emissions per unit transported
68
Operation and Maintenance PHP 45,140 PHP 45,140
of the Traffic Discipline Office M634-01 – Urban traffic
- Traffic Personnel management (e.g. improve
Operation of Pasig River PHP 74,948 PHP 74,948

Ferry Service M634-01 – Urban traffic
Operation and maintenance PHP 278,889 PHP 278,889

of various flood control A214-03 – Incorporate climate
structures, facilities, change and climate variability
equipment and waterways in design standards for flood
control and drainage systems
69
In the era of climate change, the Philippine government continues to stand to its commitment
to every Filipino women and men to build resilience against climate change.
In 2021, the Commission adopted Resolution No. 2021-003 – CCC’s Results Framework
providing the avenue for the Commission to implement the Climate Change Act, as amended.
Through the Climate Change Commission and the Department of Budget and Management,
the Government will continue to implement reforms in the public climate finance. The Climate
Change Expenditure Tagging (CCET) and its process of climate budgeting is currently being
reviewed and refined to progressively strengthen coordination and to improve the relevance
and usefulness of results.
Figure 16 Focus Areas of CCET Monitoring and Evaluation System
For the short-term interventions, the CCET Helpdesk shall implement the following:
1. Increase Compliance of National Government Instrumentalities on the CCET

Based on the DBM-CCC Joint Memorandum Circular No. 2015-01, all National
Government Agencies, State Universities and Colleges, and Government Owned- and
Controlled-Corporations are mandated to identify and tag climate change expenditures.
Setting at least 60% participation from the total universe of National Government
Instrumentalities to CCET shall provide stability and reliability of the whole of government’s
climate response
2. Improve the availability of CCET public data in the CCC platforms

Making the CCET Data open is vital for real-time knowledge for climate action and
decision-making. It will also increase government’s transparency, especially through
providing key information on how public resources are used to address climate change.
These initiatives is endeavored to enhance the CCET framework and its reporting like this
Climate Budget Brief, for a more transparent and responsive tracking of public resources on
climate change.
Harmonization between CCET and GAA Climate Change-related
Provisions’ Monitoring and Reporting
Based on the Republic Act No. 11518 or the General Appropriations Act (GAA) of 2021, there
were five (5) General and 14 Special climate change-related provisions. Under the Climate
Change Act, as amended, the CCC is mandated to monitor and evaluate the implementation
of these provisions.
Since 2017, the Commission has been tracking the implementation of general and special
provisions on climate change in the General Appropriations Act. These constitute the bulk of
climate budget reforms required to increase the Country’s response to climate change.
The CCC shall continue to harness collaboration with relevant government agencies in linking
the CCET to the climate change-related NEP provisions. Also, this activity will utilize the
coordination and convergence with participating NGAs42 in defining the allocation of domestic
funds for climate action.
In Table 18 and 19 below present the Climate Change General and Special Provisions from
the General Appropriations Act FY2021:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION PROVISIONS
Section 26 Implementation of Infrastructure Projects. The following
requirements shall be observed in the implementation of
infrastructure projects…:
(b) The standards of construction, rehabilitation,

improvement or repair of all infrastructure projects in all
areas and zones are consistent with the rules determined
by the DPWH, which shall consider, among others, the
structural strength and climate and disaster resilience
required for infrastructure projects in all areas and zones.
The DPH and other government agencies shall consider
climate risk information and green building standards in
the planning, sitting, design, engineering, construction and
renovation of government buildings and facilities,
including schools and hospitals;
Section 27 Installation of Rainwater Collection System. Rainwater

Collection System (RWCS) shall be installed in public markets,
school sites and government buildings and sites as an adaptation
measure to combat climate change and to ensure sufficient water
supply, which shall be in accordance with the prescribed design
of DPWH. In no case shall the RWCS be constructed in private
lots or privately-owned or operated market places.
42
CCC, DA, DepEd, DOE, DILG, DILG-LGA, DPWH, DOST, NIA, MMDA, DENR,
71
Section 36 Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation and
Mitigation in All Agency Programs and Projects. All agencies
of the government should implement projects incorporating risk
reduction, climate change adaptation, and where feasible, climate
change mitigation.
To ensure that the disaster risk reduction and climate change

adaptation measures are appropriate in the light of intensifying
hazards, all national government projects should be subjected to
multi-scenario, probabilistic analysis. For this purpose, the CCC
shall extend the necessary technical and capacity building
assistance to all agencies of the government in the conduct of risk
assessment, as well as adaptation and mitigation planning.
Agencies shall likewise integrate energy-saving solutions and

consider climate resilience in the planning and implementation of
all infrastructure projects, office programs, and activities, as well
as assess their organizational carbon footprint and pursue
appropriate emission reduction measure, to mitigate and adapt to
the effects of climate change pursuant to the provisions of R.A.
No. 9729.
Section 37 Climate Budget Tagging. All national government agencies,

State Universities and Colleges and Government-Owned and
Controlled-Corporations shall tag their budgets for climate change
adaptation and mitigation in accordance with the DBM-CCC-DILG
JMC 2015-01. The results of the budget tagging shall guide the
formulation of subsequent budgets to mainstream Climate
Change Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies in the national and
local development process.
Section 38 Energy Efficiency. All national government agencies, LGUs and

GOCCs shall embark on energy efficiency measures, including
the adoption of a standard thermostat level based on the DOE’s
energy conservation program, and the use of energy efficient
lighting, such as light-emitting diode (LED) lamps, in their office
buildings, school buildings, hospitals, markets, parks, street lights
and other public places.
Section 39 Maintenance and Operation of Dams. As part of the disaster

risk reduction program of the government, agencies and GOCCs
that have control or supervision over the major dams shall ensure
that said dams are properly maintained, managed and operated
with updated and promulgated protocols. The agencies and
GOCCs concerned shall take into account climate change and
extreme weather events and ensure coordination with the
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration on precipitation forecast. They shall also establish
and maintain an efficient and effectively early flood warning
system and functional water level monitoring system that is
periodically tested together with the LGUs and communities at
risk of flooding from dam water releases.
72
SPECIAL PROVISIONS
AGENCY PROVISIONS
Climate Change Technical Assistance and Capacity Building on Climate Risk
Commission (CCC) Assessment and Development of Climate Change Adaptation
and Mitigation Policies, Plans and Programs. The Climate
Change Commission (CCC), pursuant to its mandate, shall
extend the necessary technical and capacity building assistance
to all agencies of the government and LGUs in the conduct of
climate risk assessment and in the development of climate
change adaptation and mitigation policies, plans and programs.
For this purpose, the CCC may also utilize the services of the
international experts under the country's official development
assistance portfolio43.
Department of Seed Buffer Stocking. The amount of Six Hundred Ninety Five
Agriculture (DA) Million Eight Hundred Sixty Thousand Pesos (P695,860,000)
appropriated herein under Production Support Services Sub-
Program on Rice and Corn shall be used for the purchase of
seeds for buffer stocking to ensure the availability of high quality
rice and corn seeds to be used in times of calamities and
unforeseen events affecting rice and corn productions. In the
distribution of seeds, the DA shall prioritize major rice and corn
producing provinces in GIDA, as well as those affected by the
typhoons and natural calamities44.
Resilience of Agricultural Communities. The DA shall

endeavor to increase the resilience of agricultural communities
through the implementation of disaster-resilient agricultural
infrastructure projects and the distribution and development of
seeds, which are optimally adaptive to present and future climate
conditions.
The DA shall also conduct seminars and trainings for LGUs and
farmers on the importance of water catchments and organic
farming approaches, among the other elements of sustainable
land use45.
Department of Last Mile Schools Program. (b) Construction of Administration

Education (DepEd) and Climate Change Emergency Storage and Shelter (ACCESS)
building which may include principal’s office, faculty room, library,
and multipurpose room, among others, to be used as shelter and
storage school equipment, tools, materials and supplies in times
of calamities, or used as dormitories for teachers or students
whose homes are located in far-flung areas46.
Department of Energy Renewable Energy. The DOE shall strengthen the development,
(DOE) utilization and commercialization of renewable energy resources
through the establishment of Renewable Energy Market,
43
National Expenditure Program FY2022. Volume III. (p.503)
44
National Expenditure Program FY2022. Volume I. (p.99)
45
Ibid.
46
National Expenditure Program FY2022. Volume I. (p.258)
73
establishment of a Green Energy Option Program and encourage
the adoption of waste-to-energy facilities in accordance with R.A.
No. 951347.
Department of Interior Support for the Local Governance Program. The amount of
and Local One Hundred Eighty Eight Million Three Hundred Seven
Government (DILG) – Thousand
Office of the Secretary Pesos (P188,307,000) appropriated herein for the Support for the
Local Governance Program shall be used by the DILG to
support the Local Development Councils to enable them to
perform their functions under Title VI, Chapter V, Book I of
R.A. No. 7160, particularly in the development of a
comprehensive multi-sectoral development plan, and to ensure
that
all local development investment programs are aligned with the
results matrix of the Philippine Development Plan48.
Disaster Preparedness Activities. The DILG, in the exercise of

its supervisory power, shall ensure that LGUs establish and
maintain an efficient and effective impact-based early warning
system with standard operating procedures for evacuation
tested through drills and simulation exercises to enable
communities threatened by typhoon, flood, storm surge, tsunami
and other impending hazards to respond in a timely manner and
reduce the likelihood of harm or loss and damage49.
Department of Interior Enhancing Local Government Unit Capacity on Climate

and Local Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Management
Government (DILG) – Framework. The amount of Seventy Six Million Pesos
Local Government (P76,000,000) appropriated herein for the Enhancement of LGU
Academy (LGA) Capacity on Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk
Management Framework shall be used to enable LGUs to
effectively implement disaster prevention and risk reduction
measures through the strengthening of communities and people’s
capacity to anticipate, cope with, and recover from disasters50.
Department of Public Infrastructure Projects. In the implementation of infrastructure

Works and Highway projects, the DPWH may consider the following:
(DPWH) (b) adoption of standards for various hazards, global warming or
climate change in the feasibility study, design and detailed
engineering works of all infrastructure projects, in coordination
with the Climate Change Commission.
(c) provision of bike lanes and pedestrian-safe sidewalks as well
as roadside tree planting; and
(d) use of available and cost-effective Coconet Bio-Engineering
Solution for soil erosion control and slope stabilization51.
Department of Priority Research Program. The DOST, in coordination with the

Science and CCC, NEDA and DILG, shall give priority to research on disaster
Technology (DOST) risk reduction and climate change adaptation and mitigation,
47
National Expenditure Program FY2022. Volume II. (p.3)
48
49
50
51
74
including climate impact models and climate-related technologies,
to ensure that policy and technology development and application
are consistent with local and international development initiatives
and are based on science and contribute to resilience-building,
promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and foster
innovation. The DOST shall also facilitate research on integrated
approaches for an efficient shift to a low-carbon development52.
National Irrigation Subsidy for National Irrigation Systems and Communal

Authority (NIA) Irrigation Systems. The amount of Thirteen Billion Two Hundred
Thirty Two Million Six Hundred Nineteen Thousand Pesos
(P13,232,619,000) appropriated herein shall be used for
expenses directly related to the implementation of National
Irrigation Systems Communal Irrigation Systems. The NIA shall
ensure that the master plan for irrigation projects gives priority to
key production areas in major rice producing provinces and
irrigation projects are undertaken by qualified irrigators
associations consistent with the standard specifications set by
DPWH, taking into account climate risk information, and using
coconut bio-engineering solutions and high-density polyethylene
pipes53.
Metropolitan Manila Promotion of People Mobility. The MMDA shall promote

Development people mobility through road sharing projects and activities as
Authority well as the use of non-motorized modes of transportation. The
amount appropriated herein for Traffic Management Program
shall be used to cover the funding requirements for the
promotion of people mobility54.
Department of Operational Plan for the Manila Bay Coastal Management

Environment and Strategy. The amount of One Billion Six Hundred Twenty Three
Natural Resources – Million Five Hundred Three Thousand Pesos (P1,623,503,000)
Office of the Secretary appropriated herein shall be used for the implementation of the
Operational Plan for the Manila Bay Coastal Management
Strategy pursuant to the Supreme Court Decision in Metropolitan
Manila Development Authority, et al. vs. Concerned Citizens of
Manila Bay, G.R. No. 171947-48 promulgated on December 18,
2008. The DENR shall submit the following documents to the
DBM to facilitate the preparation and submission to the Supreme
Court of the quarterly progressive report on the utilization of funds:
(i) quarterly reports of Statement of Appropriations, Allotments,
Obligations, Disbursements and Balances; and (ii) Work and
Financial Plan.55
National Greening Program. The amount of Three Billion Six

Hundred Eighty Nine Million Four Hundred Sixteen Thousand
Pesos (P3,689,416,000) appropriated under Forest
Development, Rehabilitation, Maintenance and Protection shall
be used
for the implementation of the National Greening Program (NGP).
52
53
54
National Expenditure Program FY2022. Volume III (p.958)
55
National Expenditure Program FY2022. Volume II (p. 16)
75
The DENR shall coordinate with the SUCs in the establishment of
nurseries including clonal nurseries, the conduct
of forest research and mangrove reforestation activities and other
similar activities within the scope of the NGP in
their campuses56.
56
Ibid.
76
Overview of the NDC
The Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) is the heart of
the Paris Agreement (PA), the global climate change regime
that was agreed at the 21st Conference of Parties (COP21) of
the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) on 12 December 2015.
The NDC should guide the country’s long-term development

plan towards a climate-resilient and low-carbon future.
Through the NDC, each country communicates the actions
that it is willing to take to help achieve the PA goal of limiting
global average temperature increase to below 2°C above pre-
industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5°C. The
NDC should promote the country’s economic development
and industrialization goals while contributing to the global
efforts to stabilize the earth’s climate. Philippine NDC communicated to the UNFCCC last 15 April 2021
On 15 April 2021, the Philippines communicated its NDC to the UNFCCC with projected GHG
emissions reduction and avoidance of 75% representing the country’s ambition for GHG
mitigation for the period 2020 to 2030 for the sectors of agriculture, wastes, industry, transport,
and energy. Of the 75% GHG emission reduction and avoidance, 2.71% is unconditional –
policies and measures (PAMS) which will be undertake using nationally mobilized resources.
Tracking the NDC Unconditional Policies and Measures

The CCET will be used as a tool to measure, report, and verify the implementation of the
Philippine NDC unconditional PAMS using the National Expenditure Program and the General
Appropriations Act. The reporting of these PAMS in the Climate Budget Brief will be used as
one of the means of verification for transparency reporting of the Philippines’ implementation
of the NDC.
For the approved climate change FY2022 NEP, Table 20 features the following are the
unconditional NDC PAMS:
Sector NDC Policies and Measures Approved Climate

Budget (‘000)
Energy National Energy Efficiency and
Conservation Program PHP 160,102
Waste Development, Updating and

Implementation of the Operational
Plan for the Manila Bay Coastal
Management Strategy pursuant to PHP 1,623,503
SC Decision under GR No. 171947-
48
77
Transportation Rail Programs under
Build.Build.Build PHP 39,104,683
The NDC unconditional PAMS tracked in the NEP FY2022 will be closely monitored and
coordinated with the concerned lead implementing agencies. The detailed reporting of the said
PAMS will be part of the country’s NDC Measurement, Reporting and Verification.
78
Climate Change is the defining threat of our time57, it exacerbates the many threats, on ones
well-being, survival and access to services, including education, water and sanitation, nutrition
and health. Women are more than 50% of the world’s population, but are still a minority58
compounding their risks and greater burdens from climate change impacts, especially those
living in poorest and vulnerable situations. Their lack of participation in climate-related
planning, policy-making and implementation widens the gender gap and development globally.
In the Philippines, women’s exposure to climate-related risk is a result of: (a) area of residence
of poor women, especially in coastal and upland areas; (b) nature of productive work
(livelihoods/employment) and the location of these activities; (c) natural resource degradation;
and (d) looming water scarcity in the next decades. Women’s sensitivity to climate change is a
function of their childbearing/lactation and other reproductive roles and their productive roles59.
Yet, empowering women has been proven pivotal in addressing climate change and
environmental degradation. Women’s local knowledge and leadership (i.e. sustainable
resource management and/or sustainable practices in the household and community level)
resulted in greater responsiveness to citizen’s needs, and improved outcomes of climate-
related projects and policies.6
Mainstreaming gender equality and maximum participation of women and indigenous people
on all aspects of climate change will create a multifaceted solution against the threat of global
warming. These will require policies, plans and budgets that are both climate and gender
responsive.
Policies that enable Gender and Climate Change

In 2009, the Magna Carta of Women was enacted and gender mainstreaming was adopted
as the strategy to promote and fulfill women’s human rights and eliminate gender
discrimination in their systems, structures, policies, programs, processes, and procedures.
In the same year, the Climate Change Act declared it a policy of the State to incorporate a
gender-sensitive, pro-children and pro-poor perspective in all climate change and renewable
energy efforts, plans and programs. In 2012, the amendments to the Climate Change Law
provided for the creation of the People’s Survival Fund (PSF). The PSF is a long stream
finance mechanism for climate change adaptation projects to increase resilience of local
communities and ecosystems, by means of addressing gender-differentiated vulnerabilities,
among others.
In November 2018, the Climate Change Commission and Philippine Commission on Women
forged a Memorandum of Understanding to ensure the implementation of gender
mainstreaming in the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) and build capacity for
engendering climate actions.
In January 2019, through Commission Resolution 2019-02, the Climate Change Commission
resolved to strengthen gender-based approaches in the formulation and implementation of
climate change policies, plans, programs, and activities in the country, including the
generation of sex-disaggregated data and conduct of gender analysis. Moreover, it resolved
57
Excerpts from United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres speech at the High-Level event at COP23, November 2018
58
Excerpts from speeches of UNFCCC Executive Secretary Patricia Espinosa
59
DENR, 2010
79
to coordinate with agencies concerned in promulgating policies, directives, and initiatives
supportive of the collaborative approach to accomplish the objectives of the Resolution.
Is CCET gender responsive?

In accordance with the existing CCET policy, its mandate focused on monitoring, tracking and
reporting public climate expenditures. The National Government Instrumentalities are guided
by this policy to proposed P/A/Ps that contributes toward the attainment of the NCCAP
outcomes, of which is the increase of adaptive capacity and resilience of women and men.
While monitoring both gender and climate change integration in the P/A/Ps is not directly stated
in current CCET framework, existing national policies i.e. Magna Carta of Women, Climate
Change Act, as amended, and CCC Resolution No. 2019-002 mandate gender mainstreaming
in climate change programs, including CCET.
Before the mainstreaming of gender in CCET happens, the framework’s gender-

responsiveness must be measure. In December 2020, the Helpdesk subjected the CCET to
the Box 7a. 60 of the PCW’s Harmonized GAD Guidelines. Using this gender responsive
assessment tool, it was found out that CCET has a “Promising GAD aspects”.
Through the presence of gender-related CCET typologies and awareness of CCET Helpdesk
in mainstreaming gender, the CCET considers gender awareness, although strategies to foster
progressive changes in the existing gender issues and framework’s contribution to gender
equality is yet to be developed.
Gender issues in CCET based on the result of the HGDG Box 7a. analysis
Based on the HGDG assessment of the CCET, the following gender issues were surfaced:
• Limited documentation on the disaggregation of women’s and men’s (moving forward
to “gender” and “age” disaggregation) participation in P/A/P CCET tagging;
• No gender analysis conducted for the Climate Change Expenditure Tagging;
• No direct gender-responsive/specific goals, monitoring indicators and outcomes for

CCET, but can be traced to the NCCAP gender-related outcomes;
Next steps and Ways Forward

In the coming CCET reporting, the CCET Helpdesk will be working with the DBM and PCW to
mainstream gender in the CCET framework and contributing to the gender equality goals
reflected to both the Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment Plan and National Climate
Change Action Plan. The following studies and analysis will be developed:
Gender Mainstreaming Report in CCET that will feature relevant data on
stakeholders’ participation in CCET disaggregated by sex, if possible by
gender, and the climate- and gender-tagged P/A/Ps.
Rapid Gender Analysis Report in CCET
As the Commission implements its Results Framework, which includes the updating of a joint
issuance on CCET, the CCC shall consider the integration of gender mainstreaming in
accordance with the GEWE and NCCAP
60
Generic Checklist on Project Identification and Design Stages - https://library.pcw.gov.ph/harmonized-gender-and-development-
guidelines-for-project-development-implementation-monitoring-and-evaluation-3rd-edition/
80
BUILD.BUILD.BUILD
Flagship program of the Duterte administration that aims to: (1) address the lack of
infrastructures of the Philippines and (2) accelerate public infrastructure expenditure that will
boost the country’s economic development.
CLIMATE CHANGE:
A change in climate that can be identified by changes in the mean and/or variability of its
properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer, whether due
to natural variability or as a result of human activity.
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION:
An activity should be classified as adaptation-related if it intends to reduce the vulnerability of

human or natural systems to the impacts of climate change and climate-related risks by
maintaining or increasing adaptive capacity and resilience.
CLIMATE BUDGET:
The total amount of public financing directed towards programs, activities, and projects (PAPs)
that are responsive to climate change adaptation and/or climate change mitigation.
CLIMATE BUDGETING:
Classifies public expenditures through a process called climate change expenditure tagging,
which uses a typology of the climate responses as identified in government policies.
CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION:
A PAP should be classified as climate change mitigation if it aims to reduce greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions, directly or indirectly, by avoiding or capturing GHGs before they are emitted
in the atmosphere or by sequestering those already in the atmosphere by enhancing ‘sinks’
such as forests.
CLIMATE CHANGE EXPENDITURE:
Any PAP that includes components that are responsive to climate change adaptation and/or
climate change mitigation.
CLIMATE-SMART INDUSTRIES AND SERVICES:
A strategic priority of the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP), with the main
objectives of prioritizing the creation of green and eco-jobs, and sustainable consumption and
production.
81
ECOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STABILITY:
A strategic priority of the NCCAP, with the main objectives of protecting and rehabilitating
critical ecosystems and restoring ecological services.
FOOD SECURITY:
A strategic priority of the NCCAP, with the main objective of ensuring availability, stability,
accessibility, and affordability of safe and healthy food amidst climate change.
FOREIGN-FUNDED PROJECTS:
Government projects that are wholly or partly financed by foreign loans and/or foreign grants.
GENDER MAINSTREAMING:
Refers to the strategy for making women’s as well as men’s concerns and experiences an
integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of policies and
programs in all political, economic, and societal spheres so that women and men benefit
equally and inequality is not perpetuated. It is the process of assessing the implications for
women and men of any planned action, including legislation, policies, or programs in all areas
and at all levels.
HUMAN SECURITY:
A strategic priority of the NCCAP, with the main objective of reducing risks of women and men
to climate change and disasters.
KNOWLEDGE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT:
A strategic priority of the NCCAP, with the main objectives of: (i) enhancing knowledge on the
science of climate change, (ii) enhancing capacity for adaptation, climate change mitigation,
and disaster risk reduction at the local and community levels, and (iii) establishing gendered
climate change knowledge management accessible to all sectors at the national and local
levels.
MANDANAS DOCTRINE:
A Supreme Court ruling that clarifies that the share from the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA)
of the Local Government Units (LGUs) does not exclude other national taxes like customs
duties.
MAJOR FINAL OUTPUT (MFO):
A good or service that a department/agency is mandated to deliver to external clients through

implementation of programs, activities, and projects (PAPs). An MFO can be defined relative
to:
(i) the outcomes that they contribute to,
(ii) the client or community group that they serve, and/or
(iii) the business lines of the department/agency.
82
An MFO may be a single output or a group of outputs that are similar in nature, targeted at the
same organization/sector outcome, and capable of being summarized by a common
performance indicator (e.g. different types of policy/advisory are grouped into a single MFO
on policy and advisory services).
NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN (NCCAP):
The National Climate Change Action Plan 2011-2028, adopted by the Climate Change
Commission, outlines a three-phase action plan to implement specific programs and strategies
for CC adaptation and mitigation. NCCAP’s main goals are to build the adaptive capacities of
women and men in their communities, increase resilience of vulnerable sectors and natural
ecosystems to climate change, and optimize CC mitigation opportunities towards gender-
responsive and rights-based sustainable development.
NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION (NDC):
NDC embody efforts by each country to reduce and/or avoid national emissions and adapt to
the impacts of climate change.
P/A/Ps:
Refers to programs, activities, and projects undertaken by a department/agency to achieve

the purpose for which it was established or created. It should be directly linked to the Major
Final Outputs (MFOs) to drive performance improvements.
PROGRAM:
A homogenous group of activities necessary for the performance of a major purpose for which
a government agency is established, for the basic maintenance of the agency’s administrative
operations, or for the provision of staff support to the agency’s administrative operations or
line functions.
PROJECTS:
Special agency undertakings that are to be carried out within a definite time frame and that
are intended to result in some pre-determined measure of goods and services.
RESILIENCE:
The ability of a social or ecological system to absorb disturbances while retaining the same
basic structure, functionality, and capacity for self-organization, and to adapt to stress and
change.
RISK:
The combination of the magnitude of an impact (a specific change in a system caused by its
exposure to climate change) with the probability of its occurrence.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY:
83
A strategic priority of the NCCAP, with the main objectives of: (i) prioritizing the promotion and
expansion of energy efficiency and conservation; (ii) developing sustainable and renewable
energy; (iii) promoting environmentally-sustainable transport; and (iv) supporting climate-
proofing and rehabilitation of energy system infrastructure.
TAGGING:
A process of identifying and tracking PAPs in a particular sector or category.
VULNERABILITY:
The degree to which geo-physical, biological, and socio-economic systems are susceptible or
unable to cope with the adverse impacts of climate change.
WATER SUFFICIENCY:
A strategic priority of the NCCAP, with the main objectives of sustainably managing and
ensuring equitable access to water resources.
84
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Climate Budget Brief NEP FY2022 Level

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Climate Budget Brief NEP FY2022 Level

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Filipinos’ NEP Climate Budget Brief for NEP FY2022

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It is in this regard that the Climate Change Commission continues to pursue

One of these remarkable partnerships is with the Department of Budget and

RACHEL ANNE S. HERRERA

BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT

NATIONAL CLIMATE BUDGET PROPOSAL FOR FY 2022 NEP

ALIGNMENT WITH THE NCCAP

LINKAGE OF CCET TO PCB-RRP

WAYS FORWARD IN THE PHILIPPINE IN THE

PART II – NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE BUDGET AS GAA FY2021 LEVEL

PART IV – HARMONIZATION PROCESS OF THE CCET TO THE PROGRAM

ANNEX I – CLIMATE CHANGE-RELATED PROVISIONS UNDER THE GAA FY 2021

ANNEX II – NATIONS’ INVESTMENTS TO IMPLEMENT THE NATIONALLY DETERMINED

CCAM Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

CCC Climate Change Commission

CCE Climate Change Expenditures

CCET Climate Change Expenditure Tagging

CPEIR Climate Public Expenditures and Institutional Review

CSIS Climate Smart Industries and Services

DA PCIC Department of Agriculture – Philippine Crop Insurance

DA PFDA Department of Agriculture – Philippine Fisheries and Development

DAR Department of Agrarian Reform

DBM Department of Budget and Management

DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources

DENR EMB Department of Environment and Natural Resources –

DENR MGB Department of Environment and Natural Resources – Mines and

DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources – National

DENR NWRB Department of Environment and Natural Resources – National

DENR PCSDS Department of Environment and Natural Resources – Palawan

DICT Department of Information and Communications Technology

DILG LGA Department of Interior and Local Government – Local Government

DND AFP Department of National Defense – Armed Forces of the

DND OCD Department of National Defense – Office of Civil Defense

DOE Department of Energy

DOST Department of Science and Technology

DOST Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Atmospheric

DOST PCHRD Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Council for

DOST Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Council for

DOST Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Institute of

DOST SEI Department of Science and Technology – Science Education

DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways

DRR Disaster Risk Reduction

DSWD Department of Social Works and Development

ENGP Enhanced National Greening Program

EES Ecological and Environmental Sustainability

GAA General Appropriations Act

GAD Gender and Development

GOCC Government Owned- and Controlled-Corporations

IATF Inter-agency Task Force on Emerging Infectious Disease

KCD Knowledge and Capacity Development

MMDA Metropolitan Manila Development Authority

MRB Major River Basin

NBM National Budget Memorandum

NCCAP National Climate Change Action Plan

NDC Nationally Determined Contribution

NEP National Expenditures Program

NGA National Government Agency