DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS

GEOMETRY
GRADE 9
Third Quarter
CONDITIONS IN PARALLELOGRAM

CONTENT STANDARDS
The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of quadrilaterals (parallelograms,
trapezoids, kites).

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
The learner is able to investigate, analyze, and solve problems involving quadrilaterals
(parallelograms, trapezoids, kites) through appropriate and accurate presentation.

LEARNING COMPETENCIES
The learner determines the conditions that guarantee a quadrilateral a parallelogram.

I. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson the student are expected to:
a. determine the conditions which guarantee that a quadrilateral is a parallelogram;
b. construct a parallelogram using straightedge and protractor; and
c. relate the importance of parallelogram in structural design.

II. SUBJECT MATTER:

A. TOPIC: Quadrilaterals
SUBTOPIC: Conditions in Parallelogram
B. REFERENCES:
Grade 9, Mathematics Learner’s Material and Teacher’s Guide
Module 5 p. 312

C. MATERIALS
 Straightedge
 Protractor
 Marker
 Projector

D. CONCEPTS:
o PARALLELOGRAM is a type of quadrilaterals that has two pairs of parallel lines.

CONDITIONS THAT GUARANTEE A QUADRILATERAL IS A PARALLELOGRAM

 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of opposite sides are congruent.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of opposite angles are congruent.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of consecutive angles are
supplementary.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if the diagonals bisect each other.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if each diagonal divides a parallelogram into two
congruent triangles.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if two pairs of opposite sides are both congruent and
parallel.

E. SKILLS: Visualizing and Modeling, Applying and Connecting

F. VALUES INTEGRATION: Accuracy, Cooperation
G. METHODOLOGY: 4A’s (Activity, Analysis, Abstraction, and Application)
III. LESSON PROPER
TIME
TEACHER’S HINTS TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES I.M.
FRAME

5mins. A. Preliminary
Activities

Greetings Good morning class! Good morning too Ma’am!

Prayer Let us all stand for the word of

prayer.

Securing of Before you take your seats,

Cleanliness kindly arrange your chairs
properly and pick up all the
pieces of papers and plastics
around. (The students will follow the
instruction)
Checking of Class beadle, please check the
Attendance attendance of your
classmates.
Yes Ma’am.
Checking of Okay, last meeting I gave you
Assignment assignments so please pass it
forward and I will check it
later.

5mins. Recall Before we start our lesson,

let’s have a short recall of
what we’ve discuss about
quadrilaterals.

So class, what is quadrilateral? Ma’am quadrilateral is a two

dimensional figures having
four sides and four angles.
Very good! Can you
enumerate the different kinds
of quadrilaterals? The different kinds of
quadrilaterals are
parallelogram, rectangle,
rhombus, square, trapezoid,
and kite.
Great! Now, let’s determine if
you still remember the
definitions of those kinds.

I have here a set of papers

with definitions that
corresponds to those kinds of
quadrilaterals. What you are
going to do is to paste those Chart
papers to their corresponding
figure or shapes.
Is that clear class? Yes ma’am!

Good. So let’s start. (The students will do the

task)
Well done class!
5mins. B. Motivation I guess you are now ready for
today’s discussion.

But before we proceed, let’s

watch a video presentation
first.
(The teacher will play a video
about parallelogram) (The students will watch
silently)

Okay class, what the video

presentation about? Ma’am, the video
presentation is all about
parallelograms.
Projector
That’s right! The video you
watched is all about
parallelogram. So what did
you learn about
parallelogram? From the video, we learned
and realized that
parallelogram is very useful
in our lives. We can see it as
a road signs, and as a
structural design.
Very well said!

C. Lesson Proper

1. Presentation of In connection with this, today

the lesson we are going to discuss about
2mins. “Conditions that Guarantee
that a Quadrilateral is a
Parallelogram”.

2. Presentation of Now, here are the objectives

objectives for today’s discussion. Please
read. At the end of the lesson the
student are expected to:

a. determine the
conditions that
guarantee a
quadrilateral is a
parallelogram;
b. construct a
parallelogram using
straightedge and
protractor; and
c. relate the importance
of parallelogram in
3. Activity
3mins.
a. Pre-activity Now, for us to attain our
objectives, I will give you an Activity
activity. So I will group you sheet,
into 3. Please count off. straighte
dge, and
Okay, here are your activity protracto
sheets. Please read the r
 instruction carefully.
(See the attached activity
sheets)

Your work will be graded by

this rubric.
(See attached rubric)
10mins.
b. Activity proper You only have 10 minutes to
do that so your time starts
now.
5mins.
c. Post activity Time is up! Let us now come
to the presentation of your
works.

15mins. 4. Analysis and Okay, let us now discuss and Cartolina,

Abstraction analyze your work. marker,
straighte
So class, what quadrilaterals dge, and
have you formed from your protracto
activity? Ma’am from our activity, we r
formed a quadrilaterals that
are parallelogram.
Why did you say that it’s a
parallelogram? Because from the figure we
formed, it has two pairs of
parallel lines.
Very good! You say that the
quadrilateral you formed is
parallelogram because of its
figure.
Now let us determine the
conditions that guarantee that
a quadrilateral is a
parallelogram.

For group 1, how did you

come up with the figure
ABCD? First, we draw ∠ DAB and
locate point C that will make
DC ≅ AB and CB ≅ DA .
After that, we make a line
segment from point C
connecting to point D and
point B, then the ABCD is
formed.
Very well said! So what
quadrilaterals have you
formed? It’s a parallelogram ma’am.
What can you conclude about
parallelogram? We conclude that
parallelogram has two pairs
of opposite sides that are
congruent.
Very good! So the first
condition that guarantees a
quadrilateral is a
parallelogram is, “A
quadrilateral is a
parallelogram if both pairs of
opposite sides are
congruent.”

Let’s proceed to the work of

group 2. In item #1,
∠ XYW and ∠ ZYW form a
linear pair. And from this
figure, you draw a
quadrilateral named EFGH
right? Yes ma’am.

If ∠ H ≅ ∠ WYZ and
∠ G ≅ ∠ XYW , what is the
relationship of ∠ H and Ma’am, the relationship of
∠G ? the two angles is they are
supplementary.

Because when you add the

Why did you say so? two angles, they measures
180 ° .

How about ∠ E and ∠ F ? The same with ∠ H and

what is their relationship? ∠G , they are also
supplementary.

Great! So in EFGH, what ∠ E ≅ ∠G and ∠ F ≅ ∠ H

pairs of angles are congruent?

Very good! Other conditions

for parallelogram are,
 A quadrilateral is a
parallelogram if both
pairs of opposite
angles are congruent.
 A quadrilateral is a
parallelogram if both
pairs of consecutive
angles are
supplementary.

We already illustrate that

condition in your activity.

Now for group 3, how did you

come up with the figure First, we draw JL with the
MJKL midpoint P. then, we draw
another line MK passing
through P that MK ≅ JL.
 After that, we connect the
four points and formed the
MJKL.

So what can you conclude We conclude that the

about the figure? diagonals of a parallelogram
bisect each other.

Excellent! And from that

figure, we determine that,
“A quadrilateral is a
parallelogram if the diagonals
bisect each other.”

Another condition is that, “A

quadrilateral is a
parallelogram if each
diagonal divides a
parallelogram into two
congruent triangles.”

In the item #2 in your activity,

you construct a quadrilateral
ACBD with the diagonal AB.
From that figure, can you say
that the two triangles formed
by the diagonal AB are Yes ma’am, the two
congruent? triangles are congruent.

Because based from the

Why did you say so? ACBD, AD ≅ BC and
BD ≅ AC and by SSS
Postulate, I conclude that
the two triangles are
congruent.

Brilliant! Therefore we
conclude that a diagonal
divides a parallelogram into
two congruent triangles.

The last condition for a

parallelogram is, “A
quadrilateral is a
parallelogram if two pairs of
opposite sides are both
congruent and parallel.”

Now, is this condition present

in all the quadrilaterals you Yes ma’am.
draw from your activity?

Yes that’s right. So can we say

that all those quadrilaterals
you construct are Yes ma’am.
parallelogram?

Very good! I guess you already

understand about our
 discussion today.

So do you have any questions

about the six conditions that
guarantee a quadrilateral is a None ma’am.
parallelogram?
5mins. 5. Generalization Now, who can sum up our
lesson that we discussed
today? Today we discussed all
about the conditions that
guarantee that a
quadrilateral is a
parallelogram, and there are
six conditions.

What are those six conditions?  A quadrilateral is a

parallelogram if both
pairs of opposite sides
are congruent.
 A quadrilateral is a
parallelogram if both
pairs of opposite angles
are congruent.
 A quadrilateral is a
parallelogram if both
pairs of consecutive
angles are
supplementary.
 A quadrilateral is a
parallelogram if the
diagonals bisect each
other.
 A quadrilateral is a
parallelogram if each
diagonal divides a
parallelogram into two
congruent triangles.
 A quadrilateral is a
parallelogram if two
pairs of opposite sides
are both congruent and
parallel.

We illustrate those
conditions by doing an
activity.
Excellent!
5mins. 6. Application Now that you already learned
our lesson, what do you think
is the importance of
parallelograms? Parallelogram is very useful
in our lives. Like what we
watched a while ago, we can
see it everywhere like for
instance, in a structural
design.
Very well said! Like what you
said, we can see parallelogram
 everywhere specifically in
structural design.

That’s all for today. Do you

have any questions class? None ma’am.

IV. EVALUATION
A. Study the following parallelograms and determine the conditions that guarantee that it is a
parallelogram.
1. 3.

2. 4.

B. Construct a quadrilateral given the condition; two pairs of opposite sides are both
congruent and parallel.
Steps:
a. Draw segment AB.
b. From an external point C, draw a CQ || AB.
c. On CQ, locate point D so that CD ≅ AB.
d. Form the quadrilateral ABDC.

V. ASSIGNMENT:
1. Construct a mini drawer applying the conditions in a parallelogram.
2. Study about the properties of parallelogram.

REFERENCE:

Grade 9, Mathematics Learner’s Material and

Teacher’s Guide: Module 5 p. 312

Prepared by: CHRISTINE JOY B. PANGANIBAN

BSE-Math 4A
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Pasacao Campus
Sta. Rosa del Norte, Pasacao, Cam. Sur

“CONDITIONS OF PARALLELOGRAM”
GROUP 1

INTRODUCTION:

CONDITIONS WHICH GUARANTEE THAT A QUADRILATERAL IS A PARALLELOGRAM

 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of opposite sides are congruent.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of opposite angles are congruent.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of consecutive angles are
supplementary.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if the diagonals bisect each other.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if each diagonal divides a parallelogram into
two congruent triangles.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if two pairs of opposite sides are both
congruent and parallel.

OBJECTIVES:
The students are expected to:
a. determine the conditions that guarantee a quadrilateral is a parallelogram;
and
b. construct a parallelogram using straightedge and protractor.

Materials needed:

 Activity sheet
 Marker
 Manila paper
 straightedge
 protractor

INSTRUCTION:
Using a straightedge and protractor, construct the quadrilaterals given the
following conditions.
1. Quadrilateral ABCD so that AB ≅ CD and AD ≅ BC.
Steps:
a. Draw∠ DAB .
b. Locate C so that DC ≅ AB and CB ≅ DA.

2. A diagonal bisects the quadrilateral into two congruent triangles.

Steps:
a. Draw ΔABC.
b. Construct AD and BD so that AD ≅ BC and BD ≅ AC .
c. Construct quadrilateral ACBD.
(Note: What do we call ABin relation to quadrilateral ACBD?)
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Pasacao Campus
Sta. Rosa del Norte, Pasacao, Cam. Sur

“CONDITIONS IN PARALLELOGRAM”
GROUP 2

INTRODUCTION:

CONDITIONS WHICH GUARANTEE THAT A QUADRILATERAL IS A PARALLELOGRAM

 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of opposite sides are congruent.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of opposite angles are congruent.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of consecutive angles are
supplementary.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if the diagonals bisect each other.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if each diagonal divides a parallelogram into
two congruent triangles.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if two pairs of opposite sides are both
congruent and parallel.

OBJECTIVES:
The students are expected to:
a. determine the conditions that guarantee a quadrilateral is a parallelogram;
and
b. construct a parallelogram using straightedge and protractor.

Materials needed:
 Activity sheet
 Marker
 Manila paper
 straightedge
 protractor

INSTRUCTION: Using a straightedge and protractor, construct the quadrilaterals given the
following conditions.

1. In the figure below, ∠XYW and ∠ZYW form a linear pair.

Draw quadrilateral EFGH so that:

∠ H ≅ ∠WYZ ; ∠ G ≅ ∠ XYW
∠ F ≅ ∠WYZ ;∠ E ≅ ∠ XYW

2. A diagonal bisects the quadrilateral into two congruent triangles.

Steps:
a. Draw ΔABC.
b. Construct AD and BD so that AD ≅ BC and BD ≅ AC .
c. Construct quadrilateral ACBD.
(Note: What do we call ABin relation to quadrilateral ACBD?)
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Pasacao Campus
Sta. Rosa del Norte, Pasacao, Cam. Sur

“CONDITIONS IN PARALLELOGRAM”
GROUP 3

INTRODUCTION:

CONDITIONS WHICH GUARANTEE THAT A QUADRILATERAL IS A PARALLELOGRAM

 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of opposite sides are congruent.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of opposite angles are congruent.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if both pairs of consecutive angles are
supplementary.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if the diagonals bisect each other.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if each diagonal divides a parallelogram into
two congruent triangles.
 A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if two pairs of opposite sides are both
congruent and parallel.

OBJECTIVES:
The students are expected to:
c. determine the conditions that guarantee a quadrilateral is a parallelogram;
and
d. construct a parallelogram using straightedge and protractor.

Materials needed:
 Activity sheet
 Marker
 Manila paper
 straightedge
 protractor

INSTRUCTION: Using a straightedge and protractor, construct the quadrilaterals given the
following conditions.

1. Diagonals JL and MK bisect each other.

Steps:
a. Draw JL, locate its midpoint P.
b. Draw another line MK passing through P so that MP ≅ KP .
c. Form the quadrilateral MJKL.

2. A diagonal bisects the quadrilateral into two congruent triangles.

Steps:
a. Draw ΔABC.
b. Construct AD and BD so that AD ≅ BC and BD ≅ AC .
c. Construct quadrilateral ACBD.
(Note: What do we call ABin relation to quadrilateral ACBD?)