Name ____________________________

AP Chemistry: Gases
Multiple Choice
(You may use a calculator.)
21. When a sample of oxygen gas in a closed container of constant volume is heated until its absolute
temperature is doubled, which of the following is also doubled?
(A) The density of the gas (B) The pressure of the gas (C) The average velocity of the gas
molecules
(D) The number of molecules per cm3 (E) The potential energy of the molecules

23. The density of an unknown gas is 4.20 grams per liter at 3.00 atmospheres pressure and 127 °C. What is
the molecular weight of this gas? (R = 0.0821 L-atm / mole-K)
(A) 14.6 (B) 46.0 (C) 88.0 (D) 94.1 (E) 138

39. Equal masses of three different ideal gases, X, Y, and Z, are mixed in a sealed rigid container. If the
temperature of the system remains constant, which of the following statements about the partial pressure of
gas X is correct?
(A) It is equal to 1/3 the total pressure
(B) It depends on the intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules of X, Y, and Z.
(C) It depends on the relative molecular masses of X, Y, and Z.
(D) It depends on the average distance traveled between molecular collisions.
(E) It can be calculated with knowledge only of the volume of the container.

50. Two flexible containers for gases are at the same temperature and pressure. One holds 0.50 grams of
hydrogen and the other holds 8.0 grams of oxygen. Which of the following statements regarding these gas
samples is FALSE?
(A) The volume of the hydrogen container is the same as the volume of the oxygen container.
(B) The number of molecules in the hydrogen container is the same as the number of molecules in the oxygen
container.
(C) The density of the hydrogen sample is less than that of the oxygen sample.
(D) The average kinetic energy of the hydrogen molecules is the same as the average kinetic energy of the
oxygen molecules.
(E) The average speed of the hydrogen molecules is the same as the average speed of the oxygen molecules.

52. 3 Ag(s) + 4 HNO3 ⇄ 3 AgNO3 + NO(g) + 2 H2O

The reaction of silver metal and dilute nitric acid proceeds according to the equation above. If 0.10 moles of
powdered silver is added to 10.0 milliliters of 6.0-molar nitric acid, the number of moles of NO gas that can
be formed is…
(A) 0.015 mole (B) 0.020 mole (C) 0.030 mole (D) 0.045 mole (E) 0.090 mole

78. When the actual gas volume is greater than the volume predicted by the ideal gas law, the explanation lies
in the fact that the ideal gas law does NOT include a factor for molecular…
(A) volume (B) mass (C) velocity (D) attractions (E) shape
72. A compound is heated to produce a gas whose molecular weight is to be determined. The gas is collected
by displacing water in a water-filled flask inverted in a trough of water. Which of the following is necessary to
calculate the molecular weight of the gas, but does NOT need to be measured during the experiment?
(A) Mass of the compound used in the experiment (B) Temperature of the water in the trough
(C) Vapor pressure of the water (D) Barometric pressure
(E) Volume of water displaced from the flask

85. A sample of 9.00 grams of aluminum metal is added to an excess of hydrochloric acid. The volume of
hydrogen gas produced at standard temperature and pressure is…
(A) 22.4 liters (B) 11.2 liters (C) 7.46 liters (D) 5.60 liters (E) 3.74 liters

16. A gaseous mixture containing 7.0 moles of nitrogen, 2.5 moles of oxygen, and 0.50 mole of helium exerts
a total pressure of 0.90 atmospheres. What is the partial pressure of the nitrogen?
(A) 0.13 atm (B) 0.27 atm (C) 0.63 atm (D) 0.90 atm (E) 6.3 atm

24. A sample of 0.010 moles of oxygen gas is confined at 127 °C and 0.80 atmospheres. What would be the
pressure of this sample at 27 °C and the same volume?
(A) 0.10 atm (B) 0.20 atm (C) 0.60 atm (D) 0.80 atm (E) 1.1 atm

30. Hydrogen gas is collected over water at 24 °C. The total pressure of the sample is 755 millimeters of
mercury. At 24 °C, the vapor pressure of water is 22 millimeters of mercury. What is the partial pressure of
the hydrogen gas?
(A) 22 mm Hg (B) 733 mm Hg (C) 755 mm Hg (D) 760 mm Hg (E) 777 mm Hg

32. A 2.00-liter sample of nitrogen gas at 27 °C and 600. millimeters of mercury is heated until it occupies a
volume of 5.00 liters. If the pressure remains unchanged, the final temperature of the gas is…
(A) 68 °C (B) 120 °C (C) 477 °C (D) 677 °C (E) 950. °C

40. 2 K + 2 H2O  2 K+ + 2 OH− + H2

When 0.400 moles of potassium reacts with excess water at standard temperature and pressure as shown in the
equation above, the volume of hydrogen gas produced is…
(A) 1.12 liters (B) 2.24 liters (C) 3.36 liters (D) 4.48 liters (E) 6.72 liters

62. As the temperature is raised from 20 °C to 40 °C, the average kinetic energy of neon atoms changes by a
factor of…
(A) ½ (B) √313/293) (C) 313/293 (D) 2 (E) 4

24. A sample of 0.0100 moles of oxygen gas is confined at 37 °C and 0.216 atmospheres. What would be the
pressure of this sample at 15 °C and the same volume?
(A) 0.0876 atm (B) 0.175 atm (C) 0.201 atm (D) 0.233 atm (E) 0.533 atm

74. Which of the following gases deviates most from ideal behavior?
A) SO2 B) Ne C) CH4 D) N2 E) H2
33. A hydrocarbon gas with an empirical formula CH2 has a density of 1.88 grams per liter at 0 °C and 1.00
atmospheres. A possible formula for the hydrocarbon is…
(A) CH2 (B) C2H4 (C) C3H6 (D) C4H8 (E) C5H10

37. A sample of 3.0 grams of an ideal gas at 121°C and 1.0 atmospheres pressure has a volume of 1.5 Liters.
Which of the following expressions is correct for the molar mass of the gas? (R = 0.082 L-atm / mole-K)
(A) [(0.082)(394)] / [(3.0)(1.0)(1.5)]

(B) [(l.0)(l.5)] / [(3.0)(0.082)(394)]

(C) [(0.082)(1.0)(1.5)] / [(3.0)(394)]

(D) [(3.0)(0.082)(394)] / [(1.0)(1.5)]

(E) [(3.0)(0.082)(1.5)] / (1.0)(394)]

39. Samples of F2 gas and Xe gas are mixed in a container of fixed volume. The initial partial pressure of the
F2 gas is 8.0 atmospheres and that of the Xe gas is 1.7 atmospheres. When all of the Xe gas reacted, forming a
solid compound, the pressure of the unreacted F2 gas was 4.6 atmospheres. The temperature remained
constant. What is the formula of the compound?
(A) XeF (B) XeF3 (C) XeF4 (D) XeF6 (E) XeF8
40. The system shown in the picture is at equilibrium at 28°C.
At this temperature, the vapor pressure of water is 28 millimeters
of mercury. The partial pressure of O2(g) in the system is…
(A) 28 mm Hg (B) 56 mm Hg (C) 133 mm Hg
(D) 161 mm Hg (E) 189 mm Hg

45. A sample of an ideal gas is cooled from 50.0 °C to 25.0 °C in a sealed container of constant volume.
Which of the following values for the gas will decrease?
I. The average molecular mass of the gas
II. The average distance between the molecules
III. The average speed of the molecules
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and III (E) II and III

64. At 25 °C, a sample of NH3 (molar mass 17 grams) effuses at the rate of 0.050 moles per minute. Under the
same conditions, which of the following gases effuses at approximately one-half that rate?
(A) O2 (molar mass 32 grams) (B) He (molar mass 4.0 grams) (C) CO2 (molar mass 44 grams)

(D) Cl2 (molar mass 71 grams) (E) CH4 (molar mass 16 grams)

Pressure of O2 (g) above Temperature of H2O(l) °(C)

  H2O(l) (atm)  
(A) 5 80  
(B) 5 20  
(C) 1 80  
(D) 1 20  
(E) 0.5 20  

52. Under which of the following sets of conditions could the most O2 (g) be dissolved in H2O(l) ?

23. A hot-air balloon, shown at the right, rises. Which of the following
is the best explanation for this observation?
(A) The pressure on the walls of the balloon increases with increasing temperature.
(B) The difference in temperature between the air inside and outside
the balloon produces convection currents.
(C) The cooler air outside the balloon pushes in on the walls of the balloon.
(D) The rate of diffusion of cooler air is less than that of warmer air.
(E) The air density inside the balloon is less than that of the surrounding air.

44. A rigid metal tank contains oxygen gas. Which of the following applies to the gas in the tank when
additional oxygen is added at constant temperature?
(A) The volume of the gas increase. (B) The pressure of the gas decreases.
(C) The average speed of the gas molecules remains the same.
(D) The total number of gas molecules remains the same.
(E) The average distance between the gas molecules increases.

53. W(g) + X(g)  Y(g) + Z(g)

Gas W and X react in a closed, rigid vessel to form Gas Y and Z according to the equation above. The initial
pressure of W(g) is 1.20 atm and that of X(g) is 1.60 atm. No Y(g) or Z(g) is initially present. The experiment is
carried out at constant temperature. What is the partial pressure of Z(g) when the partial pressure of W(g) has
decreased to 1.0 atm?
(A) 0.20 atm (B) 0.40 atm (C) 1.0 atm (D) 1.2 atm (E) 1.4 atm

60. NH4NO3(s)  N2O(g) + 2 H2O(g) (Container Volume = 1.0 L)

A 0.03 mol sample of NH4NO3(s) decomposes completely according to the balanced equation above. The total
pressure in the flask measured at 400 K is closest to which of the following? (R = 0.08 L-atm / mole-K)
(A) 3 atm (B) 1 atm (C) 0.5 atm (D) 0.1 atm (E) 0.03 atm

64. Equal numbers of moles of He(g), Ar(g), and Ne(g) are placed in a glass vessel at room temperature. If the
vessel has a pinhole-sized leak, which of the following will be true regarding the relative values of the partial
pressures of the gases remaining in the vessel after some of the gas mixture has effused?
(A) PHe < PNe < PAr (B) PHe < PAr < PNe (C) PNe < PAr < PHe
(D) PAr < PHe < PNe (E) PHe = PAr = PNe
Questions 8-10 refer to the following gases at 0°C and 1 atm:
(A) Ne
(B) Xe
(C) O2
(D) CO
(E) NO

8. Has an average atomic or molecular speed closest to that of N2 molecules at 0°C and 1 atm.
9. Has the greatest density.
10. Has the greatest rate of effusion through a pinhole.

20. A flask contains 0.25 mol of SO2(g), 0.50 mole of CH4(g), and 0.50 mole of O2(g). The total pressure of the
gases in the flask is 800 mm Hg. What is the parital pressure of the SO2(g) in the flask?

(A) 800 mm Hg
(B) 600 mm Hg
(C) 250 mm Hg
(D) 200 mm Hg
(E) 160 mm Hg

66. A 2 L container will hold about 4 g of which of the following gases at 0°C and 1 atm?

(A) SO2
(B) N2
(C) CO2
(D) C4H8
(E) NH3