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SCIENCE
QUARTER 1 – MODULE 1

MELC: Use the properties of materials whether they are useful or harmful.
• S5MT-Ia-b-1
PART I

A. Introduction

Matter has different properties that make them different from one another. Some types have
properties that make them good materials for producing useful products.

This module focuses on the different properties of matter that can be classified as useful.

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B. Discussion

Materials are said to be useful when they serve their purpose. These may have properties such
as durability, flexibility, elasticity, hardness, and resistance to water, heat, or acid. Most of the useful
materials can be reused and recycled. For example, a container for solid or liquid. When it is already
empty, it can still be used for other purposes such as a flower vase, a coin bank, or a house decor.
Whether a bottle is made of plastic or glass, it has a property that makes it reusable.

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When a material already served its primary use and can be discarded, it is considered a waste.
Waste can be classified as biodegradable and nonbiodegradable. Generally, biodegradable materials
can be decomposed by bacteria or other living things. Examples include fruit peelings, dried leaves,
leftover food, paper, and the likes.

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 Waste materials are safely disposed into a landfill. A landfill is a dumping site where waste
materials are covered with layers of soil. This is done so as not to pollute the surrounding land.

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Waste materials thrown in a dumpsite can be safe or harmful. Safe waste materials are not
poisonous or toxic. Some of it can even be reused or recycled.

C. Readings

Plastic truly is an amazing material. Its strong, lightweight, weather-resistant qualities are ideal
for so many applications. Take a moment to glance around you. Chances are there are many items
within your reach that have a lightweight, durable plastic component!
(https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/images/4119-a-useful-material)

Ceramic materials are used to make traditional pottery, right through to advanced ceramics used
in engineering and medicine. These inventions require scientists to understand the properties of
minerals.

Metals have properties suited to a wide range of uses. They are characteristically shiny, and
most are malleable, ductile, dense, very good electrical conductors and have high melting points.
Malleability is the ability of a material to deform when compressed – gold is very malleable and can
be beaten to an extremely thin sheet. (https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/1733-metals-alloys-
and-metal-compounds)

D. Examples

Hardness
Hardness is the ability of a material to be rigid and resist pressure that may cause deformation or
change in its shape. Hard materials like metal and wood can be used to construct buildings, bridges or
other infrastructure.

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Flexibility
Flexibility is the ability of a material to be bent without breaking. Some plastics and metals
exhibit flexibility. Flexible objects like thin metal wires and plastic strings can be used for tying or
binding objects and things.

rope

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Elasticity
Elasticity is the ability of a material to be stretched and then return to its original shape after.
A rubber band is an example of an elastic material.

rubber band

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Conductivity
Conductivity is the ability of a material to allow heat and electricity pass through it. Metals are
good conductors of heat and electricity.
aluminum

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Malleability
Do you know how a bar of gold can be turned into jewelry? Gold can be hammered into flat
sheets until the desired shape of jewelry is obtained. This property is called malleability. Silver, iron,
and aluminum are examples of malleable materials.
Are bottle caps that are made of metal still useful? Yes, they may be used to make a doormat.
They may also be hammered into thin sheets to make an improvised tambourine.

gold

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Ductility
Some metals also exhibit ductility or the ability to be drawn into thin wires. This is why most
of the electrical wirings are made up of metals.

copper

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Porosity
Some materials such as paper and clothes can absorb liquid well. These materials exhibit
porosity. Porous materials have plenty of spaces inside where liquid can be absorbed.

tissue

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PART II. Activity Proper

Activity I. Directions: Identify the following useful objects can be found in school or at home. Write your
answer on the space provided.
__________ 1. laundry soap __________ 6. frying pan
__________ 2. chalk __________ 7. chart stand
__________ 3. cooking oil __________ 8. books
__________ 4. armchair __________ 9. bed
__________ 5. pillow __________ 10. clothesline

Activity II. Directions: Match the object in column A to the property that makes it useful in column B. Write
the letter of your answer on the space provided.

A B
_____ 1. soda cans a. hardness
_____ 2. steel b. elasticity
_____ 3. rubber boots c. flexibility
_____ 4. gold d. ductility
_____ 5. wood e. porosity
_____ 6. latex gloves f. conductivity
_____ 7. rope g. malleability
_____ 8. clothes
_____ 9. copper
_____ 10. plastic strap

Activity III. Directions: Identify the purpose of the following objects.

1. bleach
2. soy sauce
3. shovel
4. thread and needle
5. dishwashing liquid

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Key Answer
Activity I
1. home
2. school
3. home
4. school
5. home
6. school
7. school
8. school
9. home
10. home

Activity II
1. g
2. a/f/g
3. b
4. g
5. a
6. b
7. c
8. e
9. d/g
10. c

Activity III

1. for removing stains

2. for cooking
3. for construction/ for gardening
4. for sewing
5. for washing the dishes.

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 PART III. SUMMATIVE EVALUATION

A. Directions: Put a check mark (✓) on the blank of the object is useful and a cross mark () if it is not.
_______________ 1. collapsible cup _______________ 6. stackable shoe box
_______________ 2. busted light bulb _______________ 7. used syringe and needle
_______________ 3. drained batteries _______________ 8. backpack
_______________ 4. pitcher _______________ 9. candy wrappers
_______________ 5. expired medicine _______________ 10. trash bin

B. Directions: Choose the property that makes the following materials useful. Write the letter of your
answer on the space provided.
_____ 1. wood
a. brittleness b. ductility c. hardness d. porosity
_____ 2. sponge
a. brittleness b. ductility c. hardness d. porosity
_____ 3. nickel
a. ductility b. elasticity c. flexibility d. porosity
_____ 4. cloth
a. brittleness b. conductivity c. elasticity d. porosity
_____ 5. iron
a. conductivity b. hardness c. malleability d. all of the above
C. 1. Directions: Compare and contrast the properties of the objects using a T-chart. (5 points)

Objects: silicone and rubber

Similarities Differences

2. Directions: Choose 2 objects from the box below. Compare and contrast the properties the objects
have using a T-chart. (5 points)

Objects: silver and nickel

Similarities Differences

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Key Answer:
A
1. ✓ 6. ✓
2.  7. 
3.  8. ✓
4. ✓ 9. 
5.  10. ✓

B
1. c
2. d
3. a
4. d
5. d

Teacher’s Discretion
Rubrics
Criteria 3 2 1
Number of Each section of the chart One section of the chart doesn’t Two sections of the chart don’t
Quality contains facts that are contain facts that are contain facts that are easily
Statements easily identified easily identified identified
Linking The chart reflects factual The chart contains nonfactual
Content information that corresponds information that does not
Together with appropriate section of the correspond with
chart. appropriate section of the
chart.

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References:
A. Books
Sarte, Evelyn T, et. al. 2016. Science Beyond Borders 5. 1253 G. Araneta Avenue, Quezon City
Philippines: Vibal Group, Inc. pp. 4-7, 20-21.
B. Online and Other Sources
https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/images/4119-a-useful-material
https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/1733-metals-alloys-and-metal-compounds
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