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SCIENCE
QUARTER 1 – MODULE 2

MELC: Use the properties of materials whether they are useful or harmful.
• S5MT-Ia-b-1
PART I

A. Introduction

Matter has different properties that make them different from one another. Some types have
properties that make them good materials for producing useful products. Other types have properties
that make them harmful.
This module focuses on the different properties of matter that can be classified harmful.

B. Discussion

Some useful materials may bring hazards. For example, a broken glass jar can cause cuts or
injury. Toxic substances may also be present in the things you commonly use such as paints, cleaners,
fumes, gels, or powders. These materials may bring harm to your health, environment, and other
organisms when not used properly. That’s why you should be careful when handling and using different
materials.

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When a material already served its primary use and can be discarded, it is considered a waste.
Waste can be classified as biodegradable and nonbiodegradable. Nonbiodegradable materials do not rot
easily. Examples are plastic, styrofoam, cans, glasses, and the likes.

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Waste materials are safely disposed into a landfill. A landfill is a dumping site where waste
materials are covered with layers of soil. This is done so as not to pollute the surrounding land.

Waste materials thrown in a dumpsite can be safe or harmful. Safe waste materials are not
poisonous or toxic. Some of it can even be reused or recycled. Harmful waste materials, on the other
hand, cannot be dumped straight into a landfill. These materials can be toxic or harmful to living things
when not disposed properly.

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C. Readings

Harmful substances can be present in anything from paints and cleaners to flour dust, solder
fume, blood or waste. Ill health caused by these substances used at work is preventable. Many
substances can harm health but used properly, they almost never do.

Some substances can cause asthma or other diseases, including cancer. Many can damage the
skin, and some can cause serious long-term damage to the lungs.

The effect can be immediate, such as dizziness or stinging eyes, or can take many years to
develop, such as lung disease. Many of the long-term or chronic effects cannot be cured once they
develop. (https://www.hse.gov.uk/toolbox/harmful/index.htm)

That is why safety precautions are given to help keep you and your family safe.

1. Carefully read the ingredient list of any product or chemical you use. The label can also tell you
how to use the proper protective equipment, how to handle the chemicals, and how to respond to
emergencies. The label will tell you if the substance is flammable, corrosive, or may cause cancer.
It will also state whether you should use eye protection, gloves, or other equipment.
2. Purchase the proper personal protective equipment like gloves or goggles. Clean and care for them
properly.
3. Be aware of the hazardous materials you come in contact with. Learn about the specific
characteristics and dangers.
4. Handle, store, and get rid of hazardous materials safely and according to approved procedures.
Never pour them down sewers or drains.
5. Don't mix or combine hazardous materials unless you know you can do so safely. Many products
can cause violent reactions or release poisonous fumes when combined.
6. Transferring flammable liquids like gasoline, from one container to another can make static
electricity that could ignite the fumes.
7. Always carry chemicals in approved containers.
8. Always wash your hands after using any unsafe material.
9. Store materials properly, as directed on their labels. Flammable chemicals should be stored in a
cool, dry place away from heat and sunlight. Some chemicals like acids must be stored separately
from each other. (https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=1&c
ontentid=1674)

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D. Examples
Some of the household products that contain hazardous chemicals are oven cleaners, tile
cleaners, toilet-bowl cleaners, liquid drain openers, antifreeze, chrome-wheel cleaners, rust removers,
gasoline, motor oil, lead paint, turpentine, lacquer thinner, and muriatic acid.

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PART II. Activity Proper

Activity I. Directions: Write H if the object imposes potential harm to the user or N if not. Write your answer
on the space provided.
_____ 1. knife _____ 6. frying pan
_____ 2. paint _____ 7. gasoline
_____ 3. cooking oil _____ 8. books
_____ 4. insecticide _____ 9. muriatic acid
_____ 5. pillow _____ 10. clothesline

Activity II. Directions: Write fact on the space provided if the statement is true and bluff if it is not.
________ 1. Useful materials may bring hazard.
________ 2. Toxic substances are present in the things you commonly use such as paints, cleaners,
fumes, gels, or powders.
________ 3. Harmful waste materials are dumped straight into a landfill.
________ 4. Nonbiodegradable materials do not rot easily.
________ 5. Harmful substances can cause asthma ang other chronic diseases.
________ 6. Lung diseases and cancer are the immediate effects of exposure to any harmful substance.
________ 7. Safety precautions should be done when dealing with harmful substances.
________ 8. Handle harmful substances like normal substances.
________ 9. Don't mix or combine hazardous materials unless you know you can do so safely.
________ 10. You can carry chemicals in any container,

Activity III. Directions: List down 2 differences between useful and harmful materials in the table below.

Useful Materials Harmful Materials

1. 1.
2. 2.

Rubric
Criteria 3 2 1
Number of The table contains facts One part of the table doesn’t Two parts of the table don’t
Quality that are easily identified contain facts that are contain facts that are easily
Statements easily identified identified
Linking The table reflects factual The table contains nonfactual
Content information that corresponds information that does not
Together with appropriate section of the correspond with
table. appropriate section of the
table.

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Key Answer
Activity I
1. H
2. H
3. N
4. H
5. N
6. N
7. H
8. N
9. H
10. N
Activity II
1. fact
2. fact
3. bluff
4. fact
5. fact
6. bluff
7. fact
8. bluff
9. fact
10. bluff
Activity III
Possible answers.

Useful Materials Harmful Materials

A material that serves its purpose. Materials that are toxic to us.
Can be used for another purpose. Materials that can cause injury.
Materials that cannot be dumped straight into a
Can be recycled.
landfill.
Can be dumped straight into a landfill. Can pollute the environment easily.
Something can be recovered from the material. Takes too much time to decompose.

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PART III. SUMMATIVE EVALUATION

A. Directions: Identify the following objects as to useful or harmful. Write your answer on the space
provided.
_______________ 1. stackable shoe box _______________ 6. collapsible cup
_______________ 2. used syringe and needle _______________ 7. busted light bulb
_______________ 3. backpack _______________ 8. drained batteries
_______________ 4. candy wrappers _______________ 9. pitcher
_______________ 5. trash bin _______________ 10. expired medicine

B. Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided.
_____ 1. Harmful materials may bring harm to your ___________________________ when not used
properly.
a. environment b. health c. other organisms d. all of the above
_____ 2. Harmful materials can be toxic or harmful to living things when not disposed __________.
a. immediately b. properly c. secretly d. none of the above
_____ 3. Ill health caused by harmful substances used at work is preventable by practicing _________.
a. precautionary measures b. protocols
c. reading d. social distancing
_____ 4. Reading the __________ can also tell you how to use the proper protective equipment, how
to handle the chemicals, and how to respond to emergencies.
a. label b. title c. receipt d. all of the above
_____ 5. You can wear __________ when handling/using harmful substances.
a. goggles b. gloves c. facemask d. all of the above

C. Directions: Compare and contrast the following using a Venn diagram.

1. muriatic acid and insecticide
2. gasoline and alcohol

Contrast Contrast

Comparison

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Key Answer
A
1. useful
2. harmful
3. harmful
4. useful
5. harmful
6. useful
7. harmful
8. useful
9. harmful
10. useful

B
1. d
2. b
3. a
4. a
5. d

Teacher’s Discretion
Rubrics
Criteria 3 2 1
Number of Each section of the One section of the diagram Two sections of the diagram
Quality diagram contains facts doesn’t contain facts that are don’t contain facts that are
Statements that are easily identified easily identified easily identified
Linking The diagram reflects factual The diagram contains
Content information that corresponds nonfactual information that
Together with appropriate section of the does not correspond with
diagram. appropriate section of the
diagram.

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References:
A. Books
Sarte, Evelyn T, et. al. 2016. Science Beyond Borders 5. 1253 G. Araneta Avenue, Quezon City
Philippines: Vibal Group, Inc. pp. 4-7.
B. Online and Other Sources
https://www.hse.gov.uk/toolbox/harmful/index.htm
https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=1&c ontentid=1674
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