Problems
Problems
Problems
Instructions:
• All answers are in the integer range of 00 − 99. Although there is a non-zero chance of an intentional
bonus.
• Problems 1 − 10 are 2 Markers, 11 − 20 are 3 Markers and 21 − 30 are 5 Markers.
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1. Given that there exists a unique 3 digit number N = ABC, whose digits (A, B, C) are all
nonzero, with the property that the product P = ABC × AB × A is divisible by 1000, find BC.
3. Triangle ABC has a right angle at A, AB = 20, and AC = 21. Circles ωA , ωB , and ωC are
centered at A, B, and C respectively and pass through the midpoint M of BC. ωA and ωB intersect
at X ̸= M , and ωA and ωC intersect at Y ̸= M . Find XY .
4. The incircle of △ABC is tangent to sides BC, AC, and AB at D, E, and F , respectively.
Point G is the intersection of lines AC and DF as shown. The sides of △ABC have lengths
AB = 73, BC = 123, and AC = 120. Find the length EG.
5. We have a 9 by 9 chessboard with 9 kings (which can move to any of 8 adjacent squares) in
the bottom row. What is the minimum number of moves, if two pieces cannot occupy the same
square at the same time, to move all the kings into an X shape (a 5 × 5 region where there are 5
kings along each diagonal of the X, as shown below)?
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6. Dilhan has objects of 3 types, A, B, and C, and 6 functions
where fX,Y takes in an object of type X and outputs an object of type Y . Dilhan wants to com-
pose his 6 functions, without repeats, such that the resulting expression is well-typed, meaning
an object can be taken in by the first function, and the resulting output can then be taken in by
the second function, and so on. In how many orders can he compose his 6 functions, satisfying
this constraint?
7. Given a trapezoid with bases AB and CD, there exists a point E on CD such that drawing
the segments AE and BE partitions the trapezoid into 3 similar isosceles triangles, each with
long side twice the short side. What is the integer nearest to the sum of all possible values of CD
AB ?
8. Consider all ordered pairs (m, n) of positive integers satisfying 59m − 68n = mn. Find the
largest prime factor of the sum of all the possible values of n in these ordered pairs.
9. Pam lists the four smallest positive prime numbers in increasing order. When she divides
the positive integer N by the first prime, the remainder is 1. When she divides N by the second
prime, the remainder is 2. When she divides N by the third prime, the remainder is 3. When she
divides N by the fourth prime, the remainder is 4. Find the least possible value for N .
10. The side lengths of a scalene triangle are roots of the polynomial
3
11. What is the largest prime factor of the 101st smallest integer which can represented in the
form 3a + 3b + 3c , where a, b, and c are integers?
12. Let a and b be complex numbers such that (a + 1)(b + 1) = 2 and a2 + 1 b2 + 1 = 32. Let
√
the sum of all possible values of a4 + 1 b4 + 1 be S. Find the integer nearest to S.
13. Points A, B, and C lie on a line, in that order, with AB = 8 and BC = 2.B is rotated 20◦
counterclockwise about A to a point B ′ , tracing out an arc R1 . C is then rotated 20◦ clockwise
about A to a point C ′ , tracing out an arc R2 . Let the area of the region bounded by arc R1 , segment
B ′ C, arc R2 , and segment C ′ B be A. Find the integer nearest to 10A.
14. Consider trapezoid [ABCD] which has AB∥CD with AB = 5 and CD = 9. Moreover,
∠C = 15◦ and ∠D = 75◦ . Let M1 be the midpoint of AB and M2 be the midpoint of CD. What is
the distance M1 M2 ?
15. Let p1 , p2 , p3 , p4 , p5 , p6 be distinct primes greater than 5. Find the minimum possible value
of
p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6 − 6 min (p1 , p2 , p3 , p4 , p5 , p6 )
4
16. Suppose there are 160 pigeons and n holes. The 1 st pigeon flies to the 1st hole, the 2nd
pigeon flies to the 4th hole, and so on, such that the i th pigeon flies to the i2 mod n th hole,
where k mod n is the remainder when k is divided by n. What is the sum of square of digits of the
minimum n such that there is at most one pigeon per hole?
17. Adam has a box with 15 pool balls in it, numbered from 1 to 15, and picks out 5 of them.
He then sorts them in increasing order, takes the four differences between each pair of adjacent
balls, and finds exactly two of these differences are equal to 1. Suppose there are N selections of
5 balls that he could have drawn from the box. Find the sum of digits of N .
18. Bill Gates and Jeff Bezos are playing a game. Each turn, a coin is flipped, and if Bill and
Jeff have m, n > 0 dollars, respectively, the winner of the coin toss will take min(m, n) from the
loser. Given that Bill starts with 20 dollars and Jeff starts with 21 dollars, let the probability that
Bill ends up with all of the money be ab where a, b are relatively prime positive integers. Find a + b.
19. Let ABC be a triangle with circumcenter O. Additionally, ∠BAC = 20◦ and ∠BCA = 70◦ .
Let D, E be points on side AC such that BO bisects ∠ABD and BE bisects ∠CBD. If P and Q are
points on line BC such that DP and EQ are perpendicular to AC, what is ∠P AQ?
20. Let
∞
X 7i m
=
i=0
(7i + 1) (7i + 7) n
5
21. For each positive integer n, let σ(n) denote the sum of the positive integer divisors of n.
Suppose there exist M positive integers n ≤ 2021 that satisfy
22499
is divided by 104 be 100p + q where p, q < 100 are positive integers. Find p + q.
√ √
24. A 2 5 by 4 5 rectangle is rotated by an angle θ about one of its diagonals. If the total
volume swept out by the rotating rectangle is 62π, find the sum of square of digits of the measure
of θ in degrees.
25. Find the last two digits of the number of permutations of the string 0123456 that are there
such that no contiguous substrings of lengths 1 < ℓ < 7 have a sum of digits divisible by 7?
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26. As a gift, Dilhan was given the number n = 11 · 22 · · · 20212021 , and each day, he has been
dividing n by 2021! exactly once. One day, when he did this, he discovered that, for the first time,
n was no longer an integer, but instead a reduced fraction of the form ab . What are the last two
digits of the sum of all distinct prime factors of b?
27. In convex quadrilateral ABCD, ∠ADC = 90◦ + ∠BAC. Given that AB = BC = 17, and
CD = 16, what are the last two digits of the largest integer less than the maximum possible area
of the quadrilateral?
28. Let P (x), Q(x), and R(x) be three monic quadratic polynomials with only real roots, satis-
fying
P (Q(x)) = (x − 1)(x − 3)(x − 5)(x − 7)
Q(R(x)) = (x − 2)(x − 4)(x − 6)(x − 8)
for all real numbers x. What is P (0) + Q(0) − R(0)?
29. Let Γ1 , Γ2 , Γ3 be three circles with radii 3, 4, 9, respectively, such that Γ1 and Γ2 are exter-
nally tangent at C, and Γ3 is internally tangent to Γ1 and Γ2 at A and B, respectively. Suppose
the tangents to Γ3 at√A and B intersect at X. The line through X and C intersect Γ3 at two points,
P and Q. Let P Q = a c b where a, b, c are positive integers such that a+b+c is minimal. Find a+b+c.
30. Find the sum of digits of the number of functions f : {1, 2, 3, . . . , 7} → {1, 2, 3, . . . , 7} that are
there such that the set F = {f (i) : i ∈ {1, . . . , 7}} has cardinality four, while the set G = {f (f (f (i))) :
i ∈ {1, . . . , 7}} consists of a single element.