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Cyclic Groups (Its Elementary Properties)

Cyclic groups have the property that there exists a generator element a such that the group G is the set of all powers of a. Examples provided show cyclic groups like Zn under addition modulo n, and groups like U10 under multiplication modulo 10. The document proves properties of cyclic groups like criteria for when elements are equal, orders of elements, and criteria for generators. Examples demonstrate finding generators and orders of elements in specific cyclic groups.

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Stephen Guisando
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285 views15 pages

Cyclic Groups (Its Elementary Properties)

Cyclic groups have the property that there exists a generator element a such that the group G is the set of all powers of a. Examples provided show cyclic groups like Zn under addition modulo n, and groups like U10 under multiplication modulo 10. The document proves properties of cyclic groups like criteria for when elements are equal, orders of elements, and criteria for generators. Examples demonstrate finding generators and orders of elements in specific cyclic groups.

Uploaded by

Stephen Guisando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cyclic Groups

(Its Properties)
Veronica F. Torres
Department of Mathematics and Statistics
College of Science and Mathematics
MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology
Cyclic Groups

A group 𝐺 is called cyclic if there is an element 𝑎 ∈ 𝐺 such that


𝐺 = 𝑎 = 𝑎𝑛 |𝑛 ∈ ℤ

Such an element 𝑎 is called a generator of 𝐺, and we may say that G


is a cyclic group generated by 𝑎.

MAT125 VFTorres| 2
Example 1

▪ The set ℤ𝑛 = 0,1,2, … , 𝑛 − 1 for 𝑛 ≥ 1 is a cyclic group under addition


modulo n. Again, 1 and −1 = 𝑛 − 1 are generators.

▪ The group ℤ under addition is generated by 1 and -1.

▪ The group 𝑈 10 = 1,3,5,7 under multiplication modulo 10 is a cyclic


group with 3 and 7 both generators.

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Example 2
▪ Consider 𝑈 8 under multiplication modulo 8. Is 𝑈 8 cyclic?

MAT125 VFTorres| 2
Properties of Cyclic Groups

Theorem 1. (Criterion for 𝒂𝒊 = 𝒂𝒋 )

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Properties of Cyclic Groups

Corollary 1. ( 𝒂 = 𝒂 )

Corollary 2. (𝒂𝒌 = 𝒆 implies that 𝒏 divides 𝒌)

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Properties of Cyclic Groups

Theorem 2.

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Example 3
Given 𝑎 = 30,
▪ Find the order of
𝑎22 .
▪ What are the
other generators
of 𝑎22 ?
▪ List the elements
of 𝑎22 .

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Properties of Cyclic Groups

Corollary 3. (Orders of Elements in Finite Cyclic Groups)

Corollary 4. (Criterion for 𝒂𝒊 = 𝒂𝒋 and 𝒂𝒊 = 𝒂𝒋 )

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Example 4
Given 𝑎 = 30, what are the other generators of 𝑎22 ?

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Properties of Cyclic Groups

Corollary 5. (Generators of Finite Cyclic Groups)

Corollary 6. (Generators of ℤ𝑛 )

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Example 5
▪ Find the complete list of generators of 𝑈(50)

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Example 6
▪ Find the complete list of generators of ℤ20 .

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Reference

Gallian, Joseph (2004), Contemporary Abstract Algebra, 6th Edn: Brooks Cole

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