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Coordinate Geometry Proofs

This document provides instruction on using coordinate geometry to prove properties of polygons. It includes examples of using slopes, midpoints, and distances to prove triangles, parallelograms, rectangles, rhombuses, squares, trapezoids, and isosceles trapezoids are different types of polygons. There are also practice problems and homework assignments provided.

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Ross Hamilton
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
53 views41 pages

Coordinate Geometry Proofs

This document provides instruction on using coordinate geometry to prove properties of polygons. It includes examples of using slopes, midpoints, and distances to prove triangles, parallelograms, rectangles, rhombuses, squares, trapezoids, and isosceles trapezoids are different types of polygons. There are also practice problems and homework assignments provided.

Uploaded by

Ross Hamilton
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GEOMETRY HONORS

COORDINATE
GEOMETRY
Proofs

Name __________________________________

Period _________________________________
Table of Contents
Day 1: SWBAT: Use Coordinate Geometry to Prove Right Triangles and Parallelograms
Pgs: 2 – 5
HW: Pgs: 6 – 9

Day 2: SWBAT: Use Coordinate Geometry to Prove Rectangles, Rhombi, and Squares
Pgs: 10 - 12
HW: Pgs: 13 – 15

Day 3: SWBAT: Use Coordinate Geometry to Prove Trapezoids


Pgs: 16 - 17
HW: Pgs: 18 – 19

Day 4: SWBAT: Practice Writing Coordinate Geometry Proofs


Pgs: 20 - 22

Day 5: SWBAT: Use Coordinate Geometry to Calculate the Area of Polygons


Pgs: 23 - 26
HW: Pgs: 27 – 28 #1a, 2a, 3a, 4a, 5, 7, 8a, 10

SUMMARY of “How To Prove” Each Type of Polygon


Pgs: 38 - 39

Coordinate Geometry Proofs EXAM


Coordinate Geometry Proofs
Slope: We use slope to show parallel lines and perpendicular lines.

Parallel Lines have the same slope

Perpendicular Lines have slopes that are negative reciprocals of each other.

Midpoint: We use midpoint to show that lines bisect each other.

Lines With the same midpoint bisect each other

Midpoint Formula:

mid   x1  x2 , y1  y2 
 2 2 

Distance: We use distance to show line segments are equal.

You can use the Pythagorean Theorem or the formula:

1
Day 1 – Using Coordinate Geometry To Prove Right Triangles and
Parallelograms

Proving a triangle is a right triangle


Method 1: Show two sides of the triangle are perpendicular by demonstrating their slopes are
opposite reciprocals.

Method 2: Calculate the distances of all three sides and then test the Pythagorean’s theorem to
show the three lengths make the Pythagorean’s theorem true.

Example 1:

2
Example 2:
Prove that the polygon with coordinates A(1, 1), B(4, 5), and C(4, 1) is a right triangle.

Example 3:
Prove that the polygon with coordinates A(5, 6), B(8, 5), and C(2, -3) is a right triangle.

3
Proving a Quadrilateral is a Parallelogram

Method 1: Show that the diagonals bisect each other by showing the midpoints of the diagonals
are the same

Method 2: Show both pairs of opposite sides are parallel by showing they have equal slopes.

Method 3: Show both pairs of opposite sides are equal by using distance.

Method 4: Show one pair of sides is both parallel and equal.

Examples
1. Prove that the quadrilateral with the coordinates L(-2,3), M(4,3), N(2,-2) and O(-4,-2)
is a parallelogram.

10
8
6
4
2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10

4
2. Prove that the quadrilateral with the coordinates P(1,1), Q(2,4), R(5,6) and S(4,3) is a
parallelogram.

10
8
6
4
2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10

3. Prove that the quadrilateral with the coordinates R(3,2), S(6,2), T(0,-2) and
U(-3,-2) is a parallelogram.

10
8
6
4
2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10

5
Homework

1.

2.

6
3.

4.

7
5.

6. Prove that quadrilateral LEAP with the vertices L(-3,1), E(2,6), A(9,5) and P(4,0) is a parallelogram.

8
7. kjhjh
1.

9
Day 2 – Using Coordinate Geometry to Prove Rectangles, Rhombi, and Squares
Proving a Quadrilateral is a Rectangle

Prove that it is a parallelogram first, then:


Method 1: Show that the diagonals are congruent.

Method 2: Show that it has a right angle by using slope.

Examples:
1. Prove a quadrilateral with vertices G(1,1), H(5,3), I(4,5) and J(0,3) is a rectangle.

2. The vertices of quadrilateral COAT are C(0,0), O(5,0), A(5,2) and T(0,2). Prove that COAT
is a rectangle.

10
Proving a Quadrilateral is a Rhombus

Prove that it is a parallelogram first, then:

Method 1: Prove that the diagonals are perpendicular.

Method 2: Prove that a pair of adjacent sides are equal.

Method 3: Prove that all four sides are equal.

Examples:
1. Prove that a quadrilateral with the vertices A(-2,3), B(2,6), C(7,6) and D(3,3) is a rhombus.

2. Prove that the quadrilateral with the vertices A(-1,4), B(2,6), C(5,4) and D(2,2) is a rhombus.

11
Proving that a Quadrilateral is a Square

There are many ways to do this. I recommend proving the diagonals bisect each other
(parallelogram), are equal (rectangle) and perpendicular (rhombus).

Examples:
1. Prove that the quadrilateral with vertices A(0,0), B(4,3), C(7,-1) and D(3,-4) is a square.

2. Prove that the quadrilateral with vertices A(2,2), B(5,-2), C(9,1) and D(6,5) is a square.

12
Homework

1. Prove that quadrilateral ABCD with the vertices A(2,1), B(1,3), C(-5,0), and
D(-4,-2) is a rectangle.

2. Prove that quadrilateral PLUS with the vertices P(2,1), L(6,3), U(5,5), and
S(1,3) is a rectangle.

13
3. Prove that quadrilateral DAVE with the vertices D(2,1), A(6,-2), V(10,1), and E(6,4) is a
rhombus.

4. Prove that quadrilateral GHIJ with the vertices G(-2,2), H(3,4), I(8,2), and
J(3,0) is a rhombus.

14
5. Prove that a quadrilateral with vertices J(2,-1), K(-1,-4), L(-4,-1) and M(-1, 2) is a square.

6. Prove that ABCD is a square if A(1,3), B(2,0), C(5,1) and D(4,4).

15
Day 3 – Using Coordinate Geometry to Prove Trapezoids
Proving a Quadrilateral is a Trapezoid

Show one pair of sides are parallel (same slope) and one pair of sides are not parallel
(different slopes).

Proving a Quadrilateral is an Isosceles Trapezoid

Prove that it is a trapezoid first, then:


Method 1: Prove the diagonals are congruent using distance.

Method 2: Prove that the pair of non parallel sides are equal.

Examples:

1. Prove that KATE a trapezoid with coordinates K(1,5), A(4,7), T(7,3) and E(1,-1).

16
2. Prove that quadrilateral MILK with the vertices M(1,3), I(-1,1), L(-1, -2), and K(4,3) is
an isosceles trapezoid.

3. Prove that the quadrilateral with the vertices C(-3,-5), R(5,1), U(2,3) and D(-2,0) is a
trapezoid but not an isosceles trapezoid.

17
Homework

1.

2.

18
3.

4.

19
Day 4 – Practice writing Coordinate Geometry Proofs

1. The vertices of ABC are A(3,-3), B(5,3) and C(1,1). Prove by coordinate geometry that
ABC is an isosceles right triangle.

2. Given ABC with vertices A(-4,2), B(4,4) and C(2,-6), the midpoints of AB and BC are P
and Q, respectively, and PQ is drawn. Prove by coordinate geometry:

a. PQ║ AC
b. PQ = ½ AC

20
3. Quadrilateral ABCD has vertices A(-6,3), B(-3,6), C(9,6) and D(-5,-8). Prove that
quadrilateral ABCD is:
a. a trapezoid
b. not an isosceles trapezoid

4. The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A(-3,-1), B(6,2), C(5,5) and D(-4,2). Prove that
quadrilateral ABCD is a rectangle.

21
5. The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A(-3,1), B(1,4), C(4,0) and D(0,-3). Prove that
quadrilateral ABCD is a square.

6. Quadrilateral METS has vertices M(-5, -2), E(-5,3), T(4,6) and S(7,2). Prove by coordinate
geometry that quadrilateral METS is an isosceles trapezoid.

22
Day 5 – Calculating the Areas of Polygons in the Coordinate Geometry

23
24
Practice

1. Find the area of trapezoid ABCD if the vertices are A(1,5), B(7,3), C(2,-4) and D(-7,-1).

2. If the coordinates of the vertices of polygon PEACH are P(1,1), E(10,4), A(7,8), C(2,9) and H(-3,3), what is
the area of pentagon PEACH?

25
3.

4. Find the area of a triangle whose vertices are (-5,4), (2,1) and (6,5).

26
Homework

27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
SUMMARY

38
39

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