Exercise 1 Revision of basic operations Exercise 2 Further problems on basic

and laws of indices operations

1. Evaluate 2ab + 3bc − abc when a = 2, 1. Find the value of 2xy + 3yz − xyz, when
b = −2 and c = 4. [−16] x = 2, y = −2 and z = 4 [−16]
2
2. Find the value of 5 pq 2r 3 when p = 25 , 2. Evaluate 3pq3 r 3 when p = , q = −2 and
3
q = −2 and r = −1. [−8] r = −1 [−8]
3. Find the sum of 3a, −2a, −6a, 5a and 4a
3. From 4x − 3y + 2z subtract x + 2y − 3z. [4a]
[3x − 5y + 5z]
4. Add together 2a + 3b + 4c, −5a − 2b + c,
4. Multiply 2a − 5b + c by 3a + b. 4a − 5b − 6c [a − 4b − c]
[6a 2 − 13ab + 3ac − 5b 2 + bc] 5. Add together 3d + 4e, −2e + f , 2d − 3f ,
4d − e + 2f − 3e [9d − 2e]
5. Simplify (x 2 y 3 z)(x 3 yz 2 ) and evaluate when
6. From 4x − 3y + 2z subtract x + 2y − 3z
x = 12 , y = 2 and z = 3. [x 5 y 4 z 3 , 13 12 ]
[3x − 5y + 5z]
3 b b
6. Evaluate (a 2 bc−3)(a 2 b− 2 c) when a = 3,
3 1 1
7. Subtract a − + c from − 4a − 3c
b = 4 and c = 2. [±4 12 ] 2 3  2 
1 5
a + b − 4c
 2 6
a2b + a3b 1+a
7. Simplify 8. Multiply 3x + 2y by x − y
a 2 b2 b [3x 2 − xy − 2y2 ]
9. Multiply 2a − 5b + c by 3a + b
(a 3 b 2 c− 2 )(ab) 3
1 1 1

8. Simplify √ √ [6a2 − 13ab + 3ac − 5b2 + bc]

( a 3 b c)

10. Simplify (i) 3a ÷ 9ab (ii) 
4a2 b ÷ 2a
√
6 11 3
√  
11 1 3 a b 1
a 6 b 3 c− 2 or √ (i)
3b
(ii) 2ab
c 3

Exercise 3 Further problems on brackets Exercise 4 Further problems on

and factorization fundamental laws and
precedence
In Problems 1 to 9, remove the brackets and
simplify where possible: Simplify the following:
 
1. (x + 2y) + (2x − y) [3x + y] 1
1. 2x ÷ 4x + 6x + 6x
2
2. 2(x − y) − 3(y − x) [5(x − y)]  
1
3. 2(p + 3q − r) − 4(r − q + 2p) + p 2. 2x ÷ (4x + 6x)
5
[−5p + 10q − 6r]
3. 3a − 2a × 4a + a [4a(1 − 2a)]
4. (a + b)(a + 2b) [a2 + 3ab + 2b2 ]
4. 3a − 2a(4a + a) [a(3 − 10a)]
5. (p + q)(3p − 2q) [3p2 + pq − 2q2 ]
 
2
6. (i) (x − 2y)2 (ii) (3a −b)2  5. 2y + 4 ÷ 6y + 3 × 4 − 5y − 3y + 12
3y
(i) x 2 − 4xy + 4y2
 
(ii) 9a2 − 6ab + b2 2
6. 2y + 4 ÷ 6y + 3(4 − 5y) + 12 − 13y
3y
7. 3a + 2[a − (3a − 2)] [4 − a]
 
5
8. 2 − 5[a(a − 2b) − (a − b)2 ] [2 + 5b2 ] 7. 3 ÷ y + 2 ÷ y + 1 +1
y
9. 24p − [2{3(5p − q) − 2(p + 2q)} + 3q]
[11q − 2p] 8. p2 − 3pq × 2p ÷ 6q + pq [pq]
In Problem 10 to 12, factorise:  
1
9. (x + 1)(x − 4) ÷ (2x + 2) (x − 4)
2
10. (i) pb + 2pc (ii) 2q2 + 8qn
  
[(i) p(b + 2c) (ii) 2q(q + 4n)] 1 1
10. of 2y + 3y(2y − y) y + 3y
4 2
11. (i) 21a2 b2 − 28ab (ii) 2xy2 + 6x 2 y + 8x 3 y
 
(i) 7ab(3ab − 4)
(ii) 2xy(y + 3x + 4x 2

12. (i) ay + by + a + b (ii) px + qx + py + qy

(iii) 2ax + 3ay − 4bx − 6by
⎡ ⎤
(i) (a + b)(y + 1)
⎢ ⎥
⎣ (ii) (p + q)(x + y) ⎦
(iii) (a − 2b)(2x + 3y)
 Exercise 5 Further problems on polynomial Exercise 6 Further problems on the factor
division theorem
1. Divide (2x 2 + x y − y 2 ) by (x + y). Use the factor theorem to factorize the expressions
[2x − y] given in problems 1 to 4.

2. Divide (3x 2 + 5x − 2) by (x + 2). 1. x 2 + 2x − 3 [(x − 1)(x + 3)]

[3x − 1]
2. x 3 + x 2 − 4x − 4
3. Determine (10x 2 + 11x − 6) ÷ (2x + 3). [(x + 1)(x + 2)(x − 2)]
[5x − 2]
3. 2x 3 + 5x 2 − 4x − 7
14x 2 − 19x − 3 [(x + 1)(2x 2 + 3x − 7)]
4. Find . [7x + 1]
2x − 3
4. 2x 3 − x 2 − 16x + 15
5. Divide (x 3 + 3x 2 y + 3x y 2 + y 3 ) by (x + y). [(x − 1)(x + 3)(2x − 5)]
[x 2 + 2x y + y 2 ]
5. Use the factor theorem to factorize
6. Find (5x 2 − x + 4) ÷ (x − 1). x 3 + 4x 2 + x − 6 and hence solve the cubic

8 equation x 3 + 4x 2 + x − 6 = 0.
5x + 4 + ⎡ 3 ⎤
x −1 x + 4x 2 + x − 6
⎢ ⎥
7. Divide (3x 3 + 2x 2 − 5x + 4) by (x + 2). ⎣ = (x − 1)(x + 3)(x + 2) ⎦

2 x = 1, x = −3 and x = −2
3x 2 − 4x + 3 −
x +2
6. Solve the equation x 3 − 2x 2 − x + 2 = 0.
8. Determine (5x 4 + 3x 3 − 2x + 1)/(x − 3). [x = 1, x = 2 and x = −1]

481
5x + 18x + 54x + 160 +
3 2
x −3

5. 2a + 6 − 5a = 0 [2]
 
1
Exercise 7 Further problems on the 6. 3x − 2 − 5x = 2x − 4
remainder theorem 2
7. 20d − 3 + 3d = 11d + 5 − 8 [0]
1. Find the remainder when 3x 2 − 4x + 2 is
divided by 8. 5( f − 2) − 3(2f + 5) + 15 = 0 [−10]
(a) (x − 2) (b) (x + 1). [(a) 6 (b) 9] 9. 2x = 4(x − 3) [6]
10. 6(2 − 3y) − 42 = −2(y − 1) [−2]
 
1
2. Determine the remainder when 11. 2(3g − 5) − 5 = 0 2
x 3 − 6x 2 + x − 5 is divided by 2

(a) (x + 2) (b) (x − 3). [(a) −39 (b) −29] 12. 4(3x + 1) = 7(x + 4) − 2(x + 5) [2]

13. 10 + 3(r − 7) = 16 − (r + 2) 6
3. Use the remainder theorem to find the factors
of x 3 − 6x 2 + 11x − 6. 14. 8 + 4(x − 1) − 5(x − 3) = 2(5 − 2x) [−3]
[(x − 1)(x − 2)(x − 3)]

4. Determine the factors of x 3 + 7x 2 + 14x + 8 Exercise 9 Further problems on simple

and hence solve the cubic equation equations
x 3 + 7x 2 + 14x + 8 = 0.
Solve the following equations:
[x = −1, x = −2 and x = −4]
3 2 5
5. Determine the value of ‘a’ if (x + 2) is a 1. 2 + y = 1 + y + [−2]
4 3 6
factor of (x 3 − ax 2 + 7x + 10).  
[a = −3] 1 1 1
2. (2x − 1) + 3 = −4
4 2 2
6. Using the remainder theorem, solve the
1 1 2
equation 2x 3 − x 2 − 7x + 6 = 0. 3. (2f − 3) + ( f − 4) + =0 [2]
[x = 1, x = −2 and x = 1.5] 5 6 15
1 1 1
4. (3m − 6) − (5m + 4) + (2m − 9) = −3
3 4 5
[12]
x x
5. − =2 [15]
3 5
Exercise 8 Further problems on simple y y y
6. 1 − = 3 + − [−4]
equations 3 3 6
Solve the following equations: 1 1 7
7. + = [2]
3n 4n 24
1. 2x + 5 = 7 [1]
x+3 x−3
2. 8 − 3t = 2 [2] 8. = +2 [13]
4 5
3. 2x − 1 = 5x + 11 [−4] y 7 5−y
  9. + = [2]
2 5 20 4
4. 7 − 4p = 2p − 3 1
3 v−2 1
10. = [3]
2v − 3 3
 2 3
11. = [−11]
a − 3 2a + 1
x x+6 x+3
12. − = [−6]
4 5 2
√
13. 3 t = 9 [9]
√
3 x
14. √ = −6 [4]
1− x

x
15. 10 = 5 −1 [10]
2
t2
16. 16 = [±12]
9
  
y+2 1 1
17. = −3
y−2 2 3
11 8
18. =5+ 2 [±4]
2 x

Revision Test

4 7. Use the remainder theorem to find the remainder

1. Evaluate: 3xy2 z3 − 2yz when x = , y=2
3 when 2x 3 + x 2 − 7x − 6 is divided by
1
and z = (3) (a) (x − 2) (b) (x + 1)
2
2. Simplify the following: Hence factorise the cubic expression. (7)
√
8a2 b c3 6x 2 + 7x − 5
(a) √ √ 8. Simplify by dividing out. (5)
(2a)2 b c 2x − 1
9. Resolve the following into partial fractions:
(b) 3x + 4 ÷ 2x + 5 × 2 − 4x (6)
x − 11 3−x
(a) (b)
3. Remove the brackets in the following expressions x2 − x − 2 (x 2 + 3)(x + 3)
and simplify:
x 3 − 6x + 9
(2x − y)2 (c) (24)
(a) x2 + x − 2
(b) 4ab − [3{2(4a − b) + b(2 − a)}] (5) 10. Solve the following equations:
(a) 3t − 2 = 5t + 4
4. Factorise: 3x 2 y + 9xy2 + 6xy3 (3)
(b) 4(k − 1) − 2(3k + 2) + 14 = 0
5. If x is inversely proportional to y and x = 12 when 
a 2a s+1
y = 0.4, determine (c) − = 1 (d) =2 (13)
2 5 s−1
(a) the value of x when y is 3, and 11. A rectangular football pitch has its length equal to
twice its width and a perimeter of 360 m. Find its
(b) the value of y when x = 2. (4)
length and width. (4)
6. Factorise x 3 + 4x 2 + x − 6 using the factor
theorem. Hence solve the equation
x 3 + 4x 2 + x − 6 = 0 (6)