Internship on On-Site of DDA flats Loknayak Puram New

Delhi

A Project Report

Submitted By

MAITREY PRIYANSHU

210160106534

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

IN

CIVIL ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE, MODASA

Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad

[JULY-AUGUST, 2023]

1
 Government Engineering College, Modasa
Samlaji road, Modasa

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report submitted along with the project entitled “On-Site of
GLCPL Project on DDA Flats Loknayakpuram has been carried out by Maitrey Priyanshu
under my guidance in partial fulfilment for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Civil
Engineering. 7th semester of Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad during the academic
year2023-2024.

PROF. H.B THAKAR PROF. U.K KHARE

(Internal Guide) (H.O.D of Department)

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 Government Engineering College, Modasa
Samlaji road, Modasa

DECLARATION

WE hereby declare that the internship report submitted along with the internship entitled DDA
FLATS submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in CIVIL
ENGINEERING to Gujarat technological University, Ahmedabad, is a Bonafide record of
original project work carried out by me at Girdharilal Construction Pvt. Ltd. Chandigarh.
Under the supervision of PROF. H.B THAKAR and that no part of this report has been directly
copied from any student’ report or taken from any other source, without providing due reference.

NAME: SIGN:

MAITREY PRIYANSHU

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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 I express thanks to GLCPL team who gave me opportunity for training in his firm I like to
thanks assistant engineer MR. ANURAG KUMAR TIWARI who has solve my doubt during
internship. I also thanks to all team members of GLCPL who guided me to complete this summer
internship program. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to several individuals and
organization for supporting me throughout my graduate study.

I express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor and mentor PROF. H.B. THAKAR for her kind
guidance, enthusiasm, patience, insightful comments, helpful information, practical advice and
unceasing ideas during the entire period of training. Her consistent support and advice has helped
me to complete this summer internship.

I also wish to express my sincere thanks to the Gujarat Technological University for accepting
me into the graduate program. I express thanks to Girdharilal construction Pvt. Ltd. Chandigarh
who gave me training during summer internship.

ABSTRACT
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In Final year program of B.E Civil engineering degree course at Gujarat Technological
University, Faculty of Technology, GEC Modasa of 7th semester pertain to practical training.
This report is regarding the training performed by me and submitted for partial fulfillment for
degree of Bachelor of technology in July-august [2023].

I had undergone training at construction site of DDA Flats in Loknayakpuram New Delhi by
GLCPL CHANDIGARH. The internship duration is of 15 days, starting from 27 th july,2023
and ending on 10th August 2023.The report represents comprehensive information about
training at GOVERNMENT DDA FLATS FOR THE PUBLICS. Under this training, my work
is to supervised the quality of work and daily progress and supervise the workers with the help of
site supervisor.

LIST OF FIGURES

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Fig 3.1.1 layout Plan................................................................................................12

Fig 3.2.1 Elevation...................................................................................................13

Fig 4.1.1 Cement Storage silos.................................................................................14

Fig 4.2.1 Coarse Aggregates.....................................................................................15

Fig 4.4.1 Reinforcement............................................................................................16

Fig 4.5.1 Concrete......................................................................................................17

Fig 4.6.1 Binding Wire...............................................................................................18

Fig 4.7.1 Placing of Clear Cover ...............................................................................18

Fig 4.7.2 Clear Cover..................................................................................................19

Fig 4.8.1 Shuttering Plate............................................................................................20

Fig 4.8.2 Wooden Formwork.......................................................................................20

Fig 5.1.1 Cube Testing Machine .................................................................................21

Fig 5.1.2 Cubes.............................................................................................................22

Fig 6.1.1 RMC Plant.....................................................................................................23

Fig 6.1.2 Working of RMC Plant..................................................................................24

Fig 6.2.1 Bar Cutting Machine......................................................................................24

Fig 6.3.1 Wooden Board Cutter.....................................................................................25

Fig 6.4.1 Vibrator .........................................................................................................26

Fig 6.5.1 Bar Threading Machine..................................................................................26

Fig 6.6.1 Bar Bending Machine.....................................................................................27

Fig 6.7.1 Column Clamps..............................................................................................27

Fig 6.7.2 Clamps............................................................................................................28

Fig 7.1.1 Reinforcement of Column..............................................................................29

Fig 7.1.2 Column Starter..............................................................................................30

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Fig 7.1.3 Formwork and Casted Column......................................................................30

Fig 7.2.1 Reinforcement of Beam..................................................................................31

Fig 7.2.2 Reinforcement of Slab....................................................................................32

Fig 7.2.3 Slab..................................................................................................................32

Fig 7.2.4 Screeding of Slab.............................................................................................33

Fig 7.3.1 Electric Work...................................................................................................33

Fig 7.4.1 Staircase...........................................................................................................34

TABLE OF CONTENT
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Acknowledgement……………………………………………………..................4

Abstract…………………………………………………………...........................5

List of Figure............................................................................................................6

Chapter1: Introduction........................................................................................10

Chapter2: Company Account..............................................................................11

2.1 Project Detail.....................................................................................................11

2.2 Company vission..............................................................................................11

Chapter3: Role of Engineer at site………………………………………………12

Chapter4: Project Plan.........................................................................................13

3.1 Layout Plan........................................................................................................12

3.2 Front and Rear Elevation...................................................................................13

Chapter5: Construction Materials......................................................................14

4.1 Cement..............................................................................................................14

4.2 Coarse Aggregates............................................................................................15

4.3 Fine Aggregates ...............................................................................................15

4.4 Steel Reinforcement .........................................................................................16

4.5 Concreting..........................................................................................................17

4.6 Binding Wire......................................................................................................17

4.7 Clear Cover ........................................................................................................18

4.8 Formworks...........................................................................................................19

4.8.1 Shuttering Plates................................................................................................20

4.8.2 Wooden Formwork............................................................................................20

Chapter6: Test conducted on Site...........................................................................21

5.1 Concrete Cube Test...............................................................................................21

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Chapter7: Construction tools and Equipment.......................................................23

6.1 Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) Plant.......................................................................23

6.2 Bar Cutting Machine ...........................................................................................24

6.3 Circular Saw .......................................................................................................25

6.4 Vibrator ..............................................................................................................25

6.5 Threading Machine ...........................................................................................26

6.6 Bending Machine .............................................................................................27

6.7 Column Clamps ...............................................................................................27

Chapter8: Construction of Major Activities.....................................................29

7.1 Construction of Column ..................................................................................29

7.2 Construction of Beam and Slab......................................................................31

7.3 Electrical Work in Slab...................................................................................33

7.4 Construction of Staircase ...............................................................................34

7.5 slab casting…………………………………………………………………35

Conclusion..........................................................................................................36

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 CHAPTER: 1
INTRODUCTION

The objective of company is to construct the infrastructure for the government projects as well as
private projects

It is a practical opportunity offered by companies to learn practical aspects of professional work

life which is different from what we learns in classrooms. Since learning happens through
education, exposure and experience, internship provide us taste of learning through exposure and
experience.

There are many benefits of internship. When you work you learn. It can add the remarkable
value to the student careers. In an internship, the student are given the chance to showcase their
skill, talent, commitments and value to a prospective employer.

During site visit I had chance to explore and observe the construction of beam, slab, shuttering,
formwork, concrete cube testing and also knowing about the estimation and costing of materials
and any projects total costs. At the time of training I also know how to fill any contract and what
should be taken in mind for filling any tender also know how to manage daily work report.

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 CHAPTER:2
COMPANY ACCOUNT

2.1 Project Details

 Name of Company: Girdharilal construction Pvt. Ltd.
 Project Address: Bakkarwalla Loknayakpuram West Delhi, New Delhi
 Site Engineer: Anurag kumar Tiwari
 Name of Project : Residential Building [DDA FLATS]
 Number of Stories: G+13 with Basement
 Project Duration: Starting date-05/01/2018
Ending date-18/06/2024
 Total area of plot: 34155 m^2
 Propose ground coverage: 6670.39 m^2 (19.56%)
 Proposed cover area: 67654.03 m^2 (198.08%)

2.2 COMPANY RELATED: GLCPL was initially established as a proprietorship firm in

1963 by the name of Girdhari Lal MES Contractor. It was later re-constituted as a private limited
company in 1993. The company is an engineering, procurement and construction (EPC)
contractor and undertakes accommodation projects, mainly for Central Government agencies. It
has been in this line of business for more than five decades and has executed many
accommodation projects across India. GLCPL is promoted by Mr. Girdhari Lal and his three
sons. It is registered as a “Class SS” contractor with MES.

CHAPTER:3
ROLE OF ENGINEERS AT SITE
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Site engineers have similar jobs to construction (site) managers. They manage parts of a
construction project (also known as packages), providing technical advice to subcontractors,
supervising staff on site and ensuring that their packages are completed on time, in line with
legal guidelines and within budget.

 Managing parts of construction projects.

 Overseeing construction work.
 Undertaking surveys.
 Setting out sites.
 Checking technical designs and drawings for accuracy and to ensure that they are
followed correctly.
 Supervising contracted staff.
 Ensuring project packages meet agreed specifications, budgets and/or timescales.

CHAPTER:4

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3.1 Layout Plan

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 Layout Plan

3.2 Front and Rear Elevation Plan

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Floor plan and top plan

Floor plan and top plan

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 CHAPTER:5
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
4.1 Cement
Cement is an adhesive substances of all kinds, but, in a narrower sense, the binding materials
used in building and civil engineering construction. Cements of this kind are finely ground
powders that, when mixed with water set to a hard mass. Setting and hardening result from
hydration, which is a chemical combination of the cement compound with water that yields
submicroscopic crystals or a gel-like material with a high surface area.

Generally, most commonly cement are used in construction are OPC(ordinary Portland cement)
and PPC(Portland pozzolonic cement).The grade for OPC are 33,43,53 .

Cement are used in our site are OPC (ordinary portland cement) of 53 grade and the cement type
are JK Lakshmi cement

Usually RMC plant owners request the cement companies to supply Cement without bags i.e. in
bulk powder form. The bulk Cement will be transported in tanker like trailers which will have a
valve for discharge of cement. As soon as the truck arrived, the hose will be connected and the
cement will be pumped into a storage silo and the cement will be stored there.

Fig 4.1.1 - Cement Storage Silos

4.2 Coarse Aggregates

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Coarse aggregates refer to irregular and granular materials such as sand, gravel, or crushed stone,
and are used for making concrete. In most cases, Coarse is naturally occurring and can be
obtained by blasting quarries or crushing them by hand or crushers. Their angularity and strength
affect the concrete in numerous ways.

Materials that are large enough to be retained on the 4.7mm sieve size usually constitute coarse
aggregates and can reach a maximum size of 63m.The size of coarse aggregates affects several
aspects of the concrete, mainly strength and workability, and the amount of water needed for the
concrete mix.
The size of the coarse aggregate determines the cement to water ratio

The grading of aggregate is its classification according to the average size of the particles. The
aggregate particles need to be of a consistent size for an even grading.

The shape of coarse aggregates is very important factor. They may be round, angular or
completely irregular. Rounded aggregates, such as gravel, have the lowest water demand due to
their lower surface area, lowest cement requirement, more economical.

Fig 4.2.1 — Coarse Aggregate

4.3 Fine Aggregates

Fine aggregate is the essential ingredient in concrete that consists of natural sand or crushed
stone. The quality and fine aggregate density strongly influence the hardened properties of the
concrete.

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The concrete or mortar mixture can be made more durable, stronger and cheaper if you made the
selection of fine aggregate on basis of grading zone, particle shape and surface texture, abrasion
and skid resistance and absorption and surface moisture.

The grading of fine aggregate are where each zone defines the percentage of fine aggregate
passed from the 600 microns sieve size:

1. Zone I: 15% to 34%

2. Zone II: 34% to 59%
3. Zone III: 60% to 79%
4. Zone IV: 80% to 100%

The different kind of properties for fine aggregates are void content,shape and texture,abrasion
and skid resistance, absorption and skid resistance.

4.4 Steel & Reinforcement

TMX bar-550D Thermal powered steel bars.

 The different diameter of TMX bars are used in site are 20,25,32….

TMT steel—550D Thermo Mechanically treated bars.

 The different diameter of TMT bar are used in site are 8,10,16

Fig 4.4.1 -- Reinforcement

4.5 Concreting

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Concrete is a heterogeneous mixture of cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate(sand) and
water. In addition to the above, concrete needs the use of special materials, which is admixture to
reduce the water-cement ratio of the mix. Mineral or chemical admixtures are generally used for
construction as per requirement. Nowadays, concrete is the most used construction material
throughout the world. Before the start of concreting in construction projects, there must be
proper planning and a checklist which have to follow.

The concrete used in substructure are M30 grade(Cement,Fine aggregate,Coarse aggregate) and
concrete are used in other R.C.C work and R.C.C plinth are M25 grade .

.
Fig 4.5.1 — Concrete & concrete mixer

4.6 Binding Wire

Binding wire is used for tying purposes in the construction industry. It’s utilized broadly in
the development area for tying the rebars at the joints in order to keep the structure complete.
Binding wire is a mild steel wire that has been annealed.

The cost of binding wire is about 80-85 rupees per kilogram.

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 Fig 4.6.1 — Binding Wire

4.7 Clear Cover

The clear cover is the distance measured from the exposed concrete surface (Without plaster and
other finishes) to the nearest surface of the reinforcing bar of column or beam.

Fig 4.7.1 – placing of Cover

Minimum clear cover to the main steel bars in slab, beam, column and footing
 Slab – 15mm
 Beam – 25mm
 column – 40 mm
 staircase – 15 mm
 Footing – 40mm

Fig 4.7.2 — Clear Cover

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4.8 Form Work
Formwork is the structure, usually temporary, used to contain poured concrete and to mould it to
the required dimensions and support until it is able to support itself. It consists primarily of the
face contact material and the bearers that directly support the face contact material.

The following types of formwork used in construction:

1. Timber formwork
2. Steel formwork
3. Plywood formwork
4. Aluminums formwork
5. Plastic formwork
6. Fabric formwork
7. Tunnel formwork

4.8.1 Shuttering Plates

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 Fig 4.8.1 — Shuttering Plate

4.8.2 Wooden Formwork

Fig 4.8.2 — Wooden Formwork

CHAPTER:6

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 TEST CONDUCTED ON SITE

5.1 Concrete Cube Test

For cube test two types of specimens either cubes of 15cm X 15cm X 15cm or 10cm X 10cm x
10cm depending upon the size of aggregate are used. For most of the works cubical molds of size
15cm x 15cm x 15cm are commonly used.

This concrete is poured in the mold and appropriately tempered so as not to have any voids.
After 24 hours, molds are removed, and test specimens are put in water for curing. The top
surface of these specimen should be made even and smooth. This is done by placing cement
paste and spreading smoothly on the whole area of the specimen.

Fig 5.1.1 – Cube Testing Machine

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These specimens are tested by compression testing machine after seven days curing or 28 days
curing. Load should be applied gradually at the rate of 140 kg/cm2 per minute till the Specimens
fails. Load at the failure divided by area of specimen gives the compressive strength of concrete.

Fig 5.1.2 — Cubes

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 CHAPTER:7
CONSTRUCTION TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS

6.1 Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) Plant

The ready mix concrete plant is used to manufacture ready-mix concrete which is used in all the
construction projects. The ready-mix concrete is also known as RMC is a mixture of cement,
water, sand and aggregates.

It is manufactured in a batching plant as per the required specifications of a construction project.

RMC (ready mix concrete) commonly refers to the concrete which is freshly pre-mixed and
delivered in unhardened state which can form any shape. It is prepared by mixing cement, gravel,
crushed stone, sand, water etc., which depends on the type of the construction project.

Fig 6.1.1 — RMC Plant

A the ready mix concrete plant is used to manufacture ready-mix concrete which is used in all
the construction projects. The ready-mix concrete is also known as RMC is a mixture of of
cement, water, sand and aggregates.

The cement are used in storage silos is OPC of 53 grade

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 Fig 6.1.2 — Working of RMC Plant

6.2 Bar Cutting Machine

Bar cutting machine are used to cut the steel bar with suitable dimension.

Fig 6.2.1 — Bar Cutting Machine

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6.3 Circular Saw
Circular saw is used to cut the wood board, frame etc. which is used in shuttering or formwork. It
is used when accurate cutting is required in less time.

Fig 6.3.1 — Wooden Board Cutter

6.4 Vibrator
On construction sites, vibrators apply to compact concrete.  Vibrators work for concrete
compaction in the roads, trains, and buildings. It compacts fresh concrete by removing trapped
air and excess moisture.

Advantage:

 The honeycomb structure can be avoided.

 Structures with heavy reinforcement can be compacted easily.

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 Fig 6.4.1 —Vibrator

6.5 Threading Machine

The steel bar thread rolling machine is a machine that uses the advanced technology of stripping
and rolling to process the straight threads of the connection ends of the steel bars. The steel
straight threaded metal fiber processed by it is continuously dense and has good comprehensive
mechanical properties.

Fig 6.5.1 —Bar Threading Machine

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6.6 Bending Machine
Rebar bending machines are usually used for the accuracy of bending angles. Suitable for
bending various rebar’s used in construction, TMT, rebar, etc., it can bend the toughest rebar and
has a wide range of uses. 

It can be used in the railway industry, such as scaffolding safety hooks, ceiling hooks, concrete,
and railway clamps.

Fig 6.6.1 — Bar Bending Machine

6.7 Column Clamps

For rapidly and rigidly clamping of temporary concrete column formwork the use of column
clamps is standard practice throughout the building industry.

Fig 6.7.1 -- Column Clamps

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Six sizes are available and the Column Clamps are interchangeable which allows for narrow,
rectangular, square or polygon columns to be clamped. The punched slots are staggered and lap
each other to provide infinitely variable adjustments to cover all sizes of columns.

Fig 6.7.2 -- Clamps

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 CHAPTER:8
CONSTRUCTION OF MAJOR ACTIVITIES

7.1 Construction of Column

 Steel used in column is of grade 550D TMX bars and diameter of bars is about 20,25,32.
 The lateral ties of 8mm diameter are used in the column and the spacing of lateral ties
from center to center is about 150mm.
 The standard value for spacing between lateral ties is about 120 to 150mm which is used
in almost all type of construction.
 The 4-legged stirrups used in column and look like butterfly shape.
 According to IS 456:800 Maximum spacing of shear reinforcement measured along the
axis of the member shall not be exceed 0.75d for vertical stirrups and for inclined stirrups
at 450 where d is the effective depth of the section.
 The bars length can be increased by overlapping,overlapping should be provided just
above the slab.

Fig 7.1.1 –Reinforcement of Column

 The column is provided with column starter, column starter is a marking

process of casting the first 50 to 100 mm height of column for the alignment of rest of the
column. To construct the column starter, shutters are made to the size of the column and

31
 the height of shutter should be normally 75 to 100 mm. column starter is given below
figure;

Fig 7.1.2 — Column Starter

 The clear cover of 60mm are provided at four side and formwork are placing after it.
 The column is casting with M25 grade of concrete by RMC plant pipe which is made up
of steel material.
 The dimension of column is about 750× 750 mm after concreting and the height of
column is up to 335.28 cm.
 The 50 number of column used in Block-A and 80 number of column used in Block-B.
 The expansion joints are provided between Block-A and Block-B.

Fig 7.1.3 – Formwork and Casted Column

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7.2 Construction of Beam and Slab
 The steel used in the beam is of grade 550D TMX bars and diameter of bars is about 16,
25, 20.
 The stirrups provided in beam of 8 mm diameter and spacing between stirrups is 130mm.
 The dimension of beam is about 300x750mm and 50mm of clear cover are provided in
the beam.
 The diameter of bar is same in both tension zone and compression zone.
 The doubly reinforced beams is used and the type of beams used is fixed beam in all slab.

Fig 7.2.1 — Reinforcement of Beam

 A slab is a structural element, made up of concrete, that is used to create flat horizontal
surface such as floor, roof decks, and ceilings. A slab is generally several inches thick
and supported by beams, columns, walls or the ground.
 The steel used in slab is of grade 550D TMX bars and diameter of bars is about 10mm.
 The spacing provided in the slab is about 100mmc/c and Minimum clear cover provided
in the slab is about 20mm.
 In the case of the RCC slab, the maximum spacing between the two parallel main
reinforcement bars should be 3D or 300 mm as per IS 456:2000.
 Almost Two way slab are provided at site.

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 Fig 7.2.2 — Reinforcement of Slab

 The concrete used for slab is M-25 grade and supply through RMC plant.
 Vibrator are used at junction of column and beam which prevent from honey-comb like
structure.

Fig 7.2.3 -- Slab

 Screeding and mustard used to give smooth surface in slab.

 With concrete work, screeding is the action of flattening poured concrete into a smooth,
flat layer prior to finishing the surface.

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 Fig 7.2.4 — Screeding of Slab

7.3 Electrical work in slab

 The electrical work are provided in the slab which consists of Fan-box and the fan-box
is connected with number of PVC pipe, the pipe will provided properly wiring for
electric work and it is safe.

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 Fig 7.3.1 –Electric Work

7.4 Construction of Staircase

 The staircase are provided at 4 different side of building and steel used in staircase is
about 550D TMX.
 The diameter of steel bars is about 10mm and spacing between them is 100mm.
 The staircase consist of 19 step and included of 2 landing.
 The type of staircase is used on site is dog-legged staircase.

Fig 7.4.1 -- Staircase

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37
 CONCLUSION

As an undergraduate of the GTU, I would like to say that this training program is an excellent
opportunity for me to get to the ground level and experience the things that would have never
gained through going straight into a job. I am grateful to the GTU and Girdharilal construction
Pvt. Ltd. for giving me this wonderful opportunity.

The main objective of the training is to provide an opportunity to undergraduates to identify,

observe and practice how engineering is applicable in the real industry. It is not only to get
experience on technical practices but also to observe management practices and to interact with
on field workers. It is easy to work with sophisticated machines, but not with people. The only
chance that an undergraduate has to have this experience is the industrial training period. I feel I
38
got the maximum out of that experience. Also I learnt the way of work in an organization,
importance of commitment, and the importance of team spirit. In my opinion, I have gained lots
of knowledge and experience needed to be successful in a great engineering challenge, as in my
opinion, Engineering is after all a Challenge, and not a Job.

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