Problem 1)[30pt] Check whether each of the following statements is true or false.

If you do
not justify your answer, you will not get any credit.

(a)[6pt] The system whose input-output relationship is given by y(t) = dx(t)

dt is invertible.

(b)[6pt] y(t) = cos 2πt + π2 could be the output signal for some time-invariant system corre-

sponding to the input signal x(t) = cos (4πt + π).

2
(c)[6pt] The LTI system whose frequency response function H(jw) is given by H(jw) = 1+w 2
satisfies the BIBO stability.

n
(d)[6pt] y[n] = 41 u[n] + cos(2n)u[n − 1] could be the output signal for some causal LTI system
corresponding to the input signal x[n] = e3n u[n − 1].

(e)[6pt] y(t) could be the output signal for some LTI system corresponding to the input signal
x(t), where x(t) and y(t) are given as follows:

1 1

0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2
x(t)

y(t)

0 0

-0.2 -0.2

-0.4 -0.4

-0.6 -0.6

-0.8 -0.8

-1 -1
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
t t

(a) x(t) (b) y(t)

Solution) (a)False.
x1 (t) = t and x2 (t) = t + 1 yield the same output.

(b)False.
Suppose that y(t) could be the output signal for some time-invariant system corresponding to
the input signal x(t). Then, y(t + 21 ) should be the output signal corresponding to the input
signal x(t + 12 ). Then, since x(t + 12 ) = cos(4πt + 2π + π) = cos(4πt + π) = x(t), y(t + 21 ) = y(t),
which is a contradiction.

(c) True.
2 −|t| . Note that ∞ |h(t)|dt = 2 < ∞, which means that
R
Since H(jw) = 1+w 2 , we have h(t) = e −∞
h(t) is absolutely integrable. Thus, this system satisfies the BIBO stability.

(d) False.
Suppose that y[n] could be the output signal for some causal LTI system corresponding to the
input signal x[n]. Observe that x[n] = 0 for n < 1. Then, since this system is causal and LTI,
y[n] = 0 for n < 1. However, y[0] = 1, which is a contradiction.

(e) False.
Observe that x(t) and y(t) are the sinusoidal signals of different frequencies. Noting that an LTI
system preserves the frequency of a sinusoidal signal, y(t) cannot be the output signal for some
LTI system corresponding to the input signal x(t).
Problem 2)[10pt] Consider the LTI system whose impulse response is given by h(t) = ejw0 t .
When the input is
x(t) = u(t + 0.5) − u(t − 0.5),
find out the output y(t).

Solution) Observe that 

1 if |t| < 0.5
x(t) =
0 if |t| > 0.5
Since the system is LTI, the output signal y(t) satisfies

y(t) = x(t) ∗ h(t)

Z ∞
= x(τ )h(t − τ )dτ
−∞
Z 0.5
= ejw0 (t−τ ) dτ
−0.5
(
1 if w0 = 0
=
ejw0 t sin(w 0 /2)
w0 /2 6 0
if w0 =
w0
= ejw0 t sinc( ).
2π
Problem 3)[20pt] Find out the signal x(t) satisfying the following conditions:

1. x(t) is a real signal.

2. x(t) is periodic with period T = 6 and has Fourier series coefficients ak .

3. ak = 0 for k = 0 and k > 2.

4. x(t) = −x(t − 3).

R3
5. 16 −3 |x(t)|2 dt = 12 .

6. a1 is a positive real number.

You should justify which properties of the continuous-time Fourier series you use.

Solution) Since x(t) = −x(t − 3) and x(t) is periodic with period T = 6, we have
2π
ak = −ak e−jk 6
3
= −ak (−1)k .

From this result, we obtain ak = 0 if k is an even number. In particular, a2 = a−2 = 0.

Furthermore, since x(t) is a real signal, we have ak = a∗−k . Combining this with the condition 3
and 6, we have ak = 0 for |k| > 2, a1 = a−1 > 0, and a0 = 0. Finally, by using the Parseval’s
π π
relation, we have a1 = a−1 = 21 . Therefore, x(t) = 21 (ej 3 t + e−j 3 t ) = cos π3 t.
Problem 4)[20pt] Solve the linear system y = Ax, where
   
1 1 1 1 16 + j4
1 1 −j −1

 and y = −2 − j2 .
j   
A= 
4 1 −1 1 −1 −4 − j4
1 j −1 −j −6 + j6

 T  T
Solution) Let y = y0 y1 y2 y3 and x = x0 x1 x2 x3 . Observe that

1 1 1 1
 
−j π2 π π
1 1 e
 (e−j 2 )2 (e−j 2 )3 
A=  ,
4 1 e−jπ (e−jπ )2 (e−jπ )3 
3π 3π 3π
1 e−j 2 (e−j 2 )2 (e−j 2 )3

which implies that y0 , y1 , y2 , y3 are the Fourier series coefficients of the periodic signal x[n],
where x[n] = x[n + 4] and x[n] = xn for 0 ≤ n ≤ 3. Therefore, we have
π 3π
x[n] = y0 + y1 ej 2 n + y2 ejπn + y3 ej 2
n
. (1)

Then, by putting n = 0, 1, 2, 3 to (1), we have

 
4 + j4
28 + j12
 20 − j4  .
x= 

12 + j4
Problem 5)[30pt] Please answer the following questions. You should justify which properties
of the continuous-time Fourier transform you use.

(a)[10pt] Find out the Fourier transform of the signal x(t) given by

(sin(2t))2 /πt2 t 6= 0

x(t) =
4/π t=0

(b)[20pt] Find out the Fourier transform of the signal x(t) given as

1.5
x(t)

0.5

0
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
t

FT
Solution) (a)Note that x(t) = π4 · sinc2 ( π2 t) and sinc(t) ←→ rect( 2π
w
). Then, by using the
multiplication property and the time scaling property of the continuous Fourier transform, we
obtain
w
X(jw) = 2Λ( ),
4

w + 1
 if − 1 ≤ w ≤ 0
where Λ(w) = −w + 1 if 0 ≤ w ≤ 1 .

0 if |w| ≥ 1


(b)Observe that x(t + 1) = Λ(t + 2) + 2Λ( 21 t) + Λ(t − 2). Hence, by using the time shifting
property and the time scaling property of the continuous Fourier transform, we have

F{x(t + 1)}(jw) = ej2w F{Λ(t)}(jw) + 4F{Λ(t)}(j2w) + e−j2w F{Λ(t)}(jw)

w w w
= ej2w sinc2 ( ) + 4sinc2 ( ) + e−j2w sinc2 ( ).
2π π 2π
Finally, since F{x(t + 1)}(jw) = ejw X(jw), we have
w w w
X(jw) = ejw sinc2 ( ) + 4e−jw sinc2 ( ) + e−j3w sinc2 ( ).
2π π 2π
Problem 6)[30pt] Consider the causal LTI system described by the differential equation

d2 y(t) dy(t)
+6 + 9y(t) = −x(t).
dt dt

(a)[10pt] Find out the frequency response H(jw) and the impulse response function h(t) for this
system.

(b)[10pt] Find out the magnitude response |H(jw)| of this system and plot it. You should
indicate asymptote, peak, and the value when w = 0 (if they exist).

(c)[10pt] Find out the phase response ∠H(jw) of this system and plot it. You should indicate
asymptote, peak, and the value when w = 0 (if they exist).

Solution) (a)Taking the continuous Fourier transform on each side, we obtain

(jw)2 + 6jw + 9 Y (jw) = −X(jw).

Then, since the system is LTI, we have

Y (jw) 1
H(jw) = =− . (2)
X(jw) (jw + 3)2
FT
Note that e−3t u(t) ←→ 1
jw+3 . Then, by using the ‘differentiation in frequency’ property of the
FT j
continuous Fourier transform, we have te−3t u(t) ←→ d 1
dw ( jw+3 ) = − (jw+3)2 . Hence,

h(t) = −jte−3t u(t).

1
(b)From (2), we have |H(jw)| = w2 +9
.

(c)From (2), we have ∠H(jw) = π − 2 arctan( w3 ).