Geometric Sequences

It is a sequence of numbers where each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous one by a
fixed, non-zero number called the common ratio. It is a sequence where each term is found by
multiplying or dividing the same value from one term to the next.

GENERATING PATTERN

Example: Find the next three terms of the geometric sequence 3, 21, 147, …

Solution: To find the next three terms of the sequence:

First, identify the common ratio ( r ).

Afterwards, multiply the obtained common ratio ( r ) to the preceding term to get the next term.

a1 = 3 a4 = 147 x 7 = 1 029

a2 = 3 x 7 = 21 a5 = 1 029 x 7 = 7 203

a3 = 21 x 7 = 147 a6 = 7 203 x7 = 50 421

Therefore, the next three terms of the geometric sequence are 1 029, 7 203, and 50 421.

Identify the common ratio and the next 2 term of the sequence. 80, 20, 5,…

Solution:

Geometric Sequences VS Arithmetic Sequences

Finding the nth Term of a Geometric Sequence

On the previous lesson in this module, you learned about geometric sequences and how to find the next
terms of it. On this lesson, you will learn how to find the nth term of geometric sequences.

Example: Find the 6th and 9th term of the sequence 2,4,8,1

Find the 8th and 10th term of the sequence 6, 12,24,48, …

Geometric Mean
Example 1: Find the positive geometric mean of 4 and 16.

Solution: GM= √(4∙16) = √64 =8 Therefore, the geometric mean between 4 and 16 is 8.

Example 2: Insert 3 geometric means between 2 and 162.

Solution: 2, ¬__, ___, ___, 162

First, we will find the geometric mean between 162 and 2.

√(162∙2) = √324 = 18

Now, we have 2, ¬__, 18 , ___, 162

Next, we will look for the geometric mean between 2 and 18.

√(18∙2) = √36 = 6

The ratio is 3 since 6/2=3. We can now complete the sequence as: 2, ¬6, 18 , 54, 162.

Find the geometric mean of 12 and 108.

Insert the three geometric means between 5 and 1 280.

SUM OF A GEOMETRIC SERIES

Finding the sum of Finite and Infinite Geometric Sequence

A company offers Jeffrey a starting annual salary of P240,000 and a yearly increase of P20,000
after the first year. What will be his annual salary on the 10th year?

Given a1 = 240 000 n = 10 d = 20,000

Solution: an = a1 + (n-1)d

a10 = 240,000 + (10-1) 20,000

a10 = P420,00

Geometric Sequence Sample Problem

During an initial phase of an outbreak of measles, the number of infections can grow
geometrically. If there were 4, 8, 16, … on the first three days of an outbreak of measles, how many will
be infected on the 6th day?

Given: a1 = 4 n=6 r=2

Solution: By substituting the given values in the formula: an = a1r n-1

a6 = 4(2)5

a6 = 128 Therefore, a6 = 128

Harmonic and Fibonacci Sample Problem

Given the arithmetic sequence -20, -26, -32, -38, …, find the first 8 terms of its corresponding
harmonic sequence.

Solution: Completing the 8 terms of the given arithmetic sequence, we have -20, -26, -32, - 38, -44, -50, -
56, and -65.

Therefore, the first 8 terms of the harmonic sequence are -1/20, -1/26, -1/32, -1/38, -1/44, -1/50, -
1/56and -1/62.

Given the Fibonacci sequence 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, …, find the next 6 terms.

Solution: Each term in a Fibonacci sequence can be obtained by adding its two consecutive preceding
terms, hence a6 = 21 + 34 = 55 a9 = 89 + 144 = 233
 a7 = 34 + 55 = 89 a10 = 144 + 233 = 377

a8 = 55 + 89 = 144 a11 = 233 + 377 = 610

Thus, the next 6 terms are 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, and 610.

Part 1

I. Identify each sequence as arithmetic, geometric or neither.

____________1. 4, 8, 32, 256,… ____________4. 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2,…

____________2. 6, 6.2, 6.4, 6.6,… ____________5. 11, 14, 17, 20,…

____________3. 1.1, 1.01,1.001,…

II. Identify the common ratio and 4th and 5th term of the following sequences.

6. 6, 30, 150,… 7. 1/3, 2/9, 4/27,… 8. 2, -6, 18, -54,…

9. Find the geometric mean of 64 and 4. 11. Find the geometric mean between 16 and
25.

10. Insert 3 geometric means between 64 and 4. 12. Insert 3 geometric means
between 6 and 96.

IV. Find the first three terms of each geometric sequence.

14. a1=2, r=4 15. a1=48, r=-"1" /"3"

V. Sum of Finite and Infinite Geometric Sequence

15. Find the sum of the first 10 terms of the geometric sequence: 3, 12, 48, 192,…

16. Find the sum of the first 6 terms of geometric sequence: 125, 25, 5,…

17. Find the sum of an infinite geometric series whose first term is 4 and common ratio is
"1" /"5" .

18. Given the sequence 9, 3, 1,… , find "S" _"∞" .

A ball tossed to a height of 4 meters rebound to 40% of its previous height. Find the distance the
ball has traveled when it strikes the ground for the 5th time.

Using Venn diagram, show the common and differences between arithmetic sequence and geometric
sequence.

THEY NEED HELP!

INSTRUCTION: Read and analyze the situation carefully. Then, provide what is being asked.
SITUATION: Your classmates Ruben and Nathaniel are arguing during your Math subject. You found out
that they are arguing about the examples of sequences presented by your teacher.

Ruben is telling that example A is an arithmetic sequence, while example B is a geometric sequence. On
the other hand, Nathaniel is defending that example A is a geometric sequence, while example B is an
arithmetic sequence.

Since you are knowledgeable about the issue, who among your classmates will you agree with?

ANSWER: ____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

What explanation/s will you provide to your classmates for them to understand clearly the difference
between an arithmetic sequence and geometric sequence?

ANSWER:

¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________
References:

Gladys C. Nireva, Ph.D. et. al.2018 Grade 10 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities revised
edition, Antonio Rnaiz cor. Chino Roces Avenues, Makati, City, Salesiana Books by Don Bosco Press Inc.

https://www.thoughtco.com/how-to-calculate-the-mean-or-average-609546#:~:text=The
%20average%20is%20simply%20the,the%20average%20or%20arithmetic%20mean.

Haydee C. Hitosis et. al.,Mathtek10 Volume1, 101 V. Luna Ave.,Sikatuna Village, Diliman, Quezon, City,
Techfactors INC.

Mathematics – Grade 10, Alternative Delivery Mode,Quarter 1 – Module5: Illustrate a geometric

Orlando A. Oronce & Marilyn O. Mendoza; E-MATH 10; Rex Bookstore