MAYAPYAP Project MELC (Managing and Enhancing Learning through Contextualization)
National High School STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Quarter III, Week 3
Lesson 3: Natural Disasters (Part 1)
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY
No Code Available: Explain the causes and effects of natural disasters to human
and the environment.
In this set of activities, you should:
1. define natural disaster; and
2. identify various types of natural disaster.
WHAT YOU NEED TO REMEMBER?
A natural disaster is an event that is caused by the natural forces of the earth and
results in great damage and possibly loss of life. Natural disasters can take many forms. It
may be caused by natural forces, usually cause significant damage and sometimes, loss of
life. The following are examples of natural disasters.
1. An earthquake occurs when the earth releases pent-up energy and causes
the ground to shake. Earth's ground is made up of several very large pieces of
land called tectonic plates. Most earthquakes occur when these plates rub against
each other in some way. These same plates also create mountains when they push against each other.
As the mountains are formed, earthquakes may be felt. Sometimes, people cause earthquakes when
they do mine blasts or nuclear tests.
2. Hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones refer to the same weather phenomenon, where a really large
storm swirls in circles. You'll see the cloud of the storm turning in a spiral, touch down on the
ground, and then reach toward the sky. When a storm reaches a wind speed of over 74 miles per
hour, it gets classified as a hurricane, typhoon, or cyclone depending on where the storm is located.
The storm is called a hurricane if it happens in the Atlantic and northern Pacific. If the storm occurs in
the northwestern part of the Pacific, then it is called a typhoon. In the southwestern Pacific and the
Indian Ocean, the same type of storm is called a cyclone.
3. A tsunami consists of huge waves caused by either an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption. In
Japanese, the word means 'harbor wave.' These waves can get as high as 100 feet and aren't the
gentle waves that you surf on. These are destructive waves that can knock down buildings, trees,
and anything else in their path.
4. A flood is an overflow of water that covers the earth. This overflow can damage buildings and cars in
its path. In a severe flood, the water can seep into houses and completely cover them, ruining
everything. And, if people get caught up in the flood, they can be washed away with the flood and
drown.
5. Mudslides occur when the ground gets so wet that whatever dirt is on the ground turns into a liquid mass and flows,
like a flood, rapidly down a steep slope. When people or animals get caught up in the mudslide, it becomes very difficult
to get out, as the mud drags them down. If not rescued, they may die.
6. An avalanche is when you have a bunch of snow, ice, or rocks falling rapidly down a slope,
usually a mountainside. You might have seen movies where someone is standing next to a mountain
with a bunch of snow on top. Avalanches can bury people and animals alive.
7. Hailstorms and blizzards are storms, too. Even though they aren't as strong as hurricanes and typhoons,
they can still cause quite a bit of damage. A hailstorm is a storm where you get hail, or chunks of falling ice,
instead of rain
and snow. Sometimes, hailstorms can produce hail the size of baseballs. As they fall
from the sky, they can significantly damage windows, cars, and roofs. A blizzard is a storm with a lot
of falling snow and high winds.
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8. Another type of natural disaster is a volcanic eruption, which is when the earth releases its pent-up energy in
the form of steam and molten lava through a hole in the ground called a volcano.
9. Yet another type of natural disaster is the wildfire. Wildfires can be caused by heat in the
dry summer months, as grasses dry up, die, and become easily combustible.
Images. Retrieved from:
YOUR TASKS! https://en.islcollective.com/preview/201302/f/natural-disasters-
picture-dictionary-picture-dictionaries_42745_1.jpg
Reminder: DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING ON THIS STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE.
Write your answer on your answer sheet.
Enrichment Activity 1: identify the natural disaster portrayed by each picture (1 point each)
1 2 3 4 5
Enrichment Activity 1: Complete the graphic organizer by supplying the needed data. (10 points)
Natural Disaster
1. definition
2. example 3. example 4. example 5. example
Witten task #3: Write a short description about the following types of natural disaster (10 points)
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3
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4
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