Art App Reviewer MUSIC ARTS

QUIZ 1 Music - “mousike” – art of the muses

• art of combining and regulating sounds of varying pitch
MOVEMENT;MUSIC;PERFORMANCE;USE OF SPACE- • produce melodious harmony
Enumerate in ALPHABETICAL ORDER the four reasons why • The subject matter of music is sound
modern dance is different from ballet. Separate your answer
using a semicolon (;) • Music can be divided into function:
✔ sacred music- related to religion or church
FOLK- ________ dance is a type of dance that is a vernacular, ✔ Secular music- not written for church, concern to affairs of
usually recreational, expression of a past or present culture the world
Participatory - everyone can join
COMBINATION;INSTRUMENTAL;VOCAL- In alphabetical Theoreterical- operas, theater
order, the three forms of Philippine music are
_________,________, and _________. [separate your • Music can be divided into singing style:
answers using a semicolon] ✔ monophony - one (one singer), one melody, playing the
same thing at the same time
BALLET-  _________  is the foundation of all dances as it ✔ Polyphony - more than one simultaneous melody
teaches the balance and posture. - round - staggered interval

DANCE- _____________ art is considered to be the closest to • Music can be divided into the manner it is played:
humans. ✔ quartet - 4 singers
✔ Concerto - orchestra but there is one instrument that is
CONCERTO - __________  involves an entire orchestra where featured, with solo part
one or more instruments, usually a violin are featured or ✔ symphony - orchestra, no solo part
played solo

BODY- __________ is considered as the instrument of dance Heterophony - different version of the same melody
- non western music
Quiz 2 -background play accompanying harmony

SPACE -  In dance, this is where the movements happen. Philippine Musical Forms

TRUE - Dances can be open ended. The Philippine musical form can be divided into:

BODY- The perceptions, emotions, imagination, and thoughts INSTRUMENTAL - sound

and intentions are all classified as the ________ element of
dance. Solo
Concerto
DENOUEMENT- This is the conclusion of the plot Sonata
Symphony
BOTH STATEMENTS ARE TRUE
Chamber Music
I. Autobiographical can be solo plays.
II. Not all solo plays are autobiographical. Marcha/Marching music
Dance music
This is the most communal among Philippine musical Kumintang
traditions - Music of the Indigenous Southeast Asian Filipinos: Balse/Waltz
Harmony of the Creative Forces of Nature Habanera/Danza
Pandanggo
TRUE - Ritual dances are participatory dances. Polka
Rigodon
CLIMAX - The ____________ is the turning point in the plot
that leads the story to a particular ending
VOCAL- voice
FALSE - The climax leads to the high point of the story.
Chant
PLOT - In theater, the ______ is also called as storyline. Pasyon
Song debate
COMBINATION - songs that we enjoyed right now
 Music of the Concert Hall: The Autonomy of Music
Art song -Concert music is appreciated for its own sake. Music is
Ballad no longer part of everyday life, like putting a baby to sleep,
Choral Music work, healing or rituals. It is cultivated as a separate human
Liturgical Music activity, has its own space (concert hall, opera house, etc.)
Opera and is performed in its own time (for active, concentrated
Kundiman listening). Listening to music becomes a reflective,
Protest songs contemplative or intellectual activity.
Pinoy Pop
 Music for Mass Entertainment: The Consumerist
Lifestyle
MUSIC GENRE - This is the music of highly urbanized and industrialized
towns and cities. It is produced mainly for mass
 Music of the Indigenous Southeast Asian Filipinos: entertainment and it is what we know as “pop” music. When
Harmony of the Creative Forces of Nature we talk of the music industry in this country, it refers mainly
-This is the music of the indigenous, strongly animist, to this type of music (ex. Ryan Cayabyab’s Kay Ganda ng
though nominally Christian, non-Muslim peoples of the Ating Musika, George Canseco’s Ngayon at Kailanman, and
highlands of the Cordillera, Mindoro, Mindanao, and many others called OPM by their producers).
Palawan. Our indigenous peoples are the closest to nature.
Life to them is an indivisible whole. Art, myth, ritual, work,  Music of Social Concern and Cultural Freedom: A Force
and activities of everyday life are all integrated into one. for Social Transformation
Spirit and matter, God and nature, the visible and invisible - This is the music for social criticism and cultural
worlds are not a dichotomy but interpenetrate in many ways. liberation and is variously termed alternative, protest,
Of all Filipino subcultures, indigenous art is the most progressive or people’s music. (ex. Joey Ayala’s Wala Nang
integrated with everyday life, multifunctional and Tao Sa Santa Filomena and Heber Bartolome’s Tagulaylay).
participatory.
 Music for National Identity: Being Filipino
 Music of the Moros: The Courtly Elegance of Islamic -These are songs that celebrate or depict our struggles,
Unity hopes, and aspirations toward a Filipino identity and sense of
-Muslim Filipinos are among the most creative in the nationhood.
arts. Their religion cultivates a mystical surrender to God’s
will. The music of Muslim Filipinos in Mindanao, Sulu, and PITCH - sound that maintains a relatively consistent
Palawan, blends West Asian mysticism with indigenous frequency, “note”
Southeast Asian animism.
MODE - refers to a collection of pitches, scales
 Music of the Lowland Folk Villages: The Way of the
Fiesta MELODY- notes sounded one after the other in succession,
-Their culture is essentially Southeast Asian, fused with core of music
a strong animistic core, though with elements of Latin culture
(Mexican, Italian or Hispanic). The lowland folk are composed HARMONY - core sounded on top of one another, chords
mostly of farmers, fishermen, artisans, vendors and traders,
and common folk. They have a deep faith in God, whom they TIMBRE - describes the individual character and specific
serve with utmost devotion. Their key celebration is the quality of sound
fiesta, which revolves around the Sto. Niño, Virgin Mary,
Jesus Christ or a patron saint. BEAT - is the steady, predictable pulse that binds a piece of
music together
 Music of Popular Sentiments: The Sanctity of the Home
-What the musical features of these songs indicate is TEMPO - refers to the speed of the music
that the musician is not fully separate from the society in
which he lives. As an individual artist he can provide social
entertainment to his community, yet shares much of its DANCE ARTS
sentiments. He likes to be appreciated for his work but at the
same time has the same concerns and is dependent on co- DANCE
existence with his neighbour. He is not a professional or -obscure and uncertain
specialist hired for the purpose, though he may be given a - some books says originated in India and Egypt
token gift or compensation for his efforts. He himself belongs -some says it is also originated from Greek
to the group he performs but not in the same degree that an - old German word ”danson”
indigenous or folk musician is part of his community. -intentional human movement that is rhythmic and
sequenced to follow music
-A body moving through space and time with energy
MEDIUM : movement
INSTRUMENT : body
ELEMENTS OF DANCE Film
✔ Originates in 20th century
 BODY - Basic component of dance ✔ Performance is recorded
 MOVEMENT - The building block of dance ✔ No direct connection with the audience
 SPACE - locale or location ✔ Each performance is identical
 TIME - duration (story line, music)
 ENERGY - strong or light Evolution of theater in the Philippines

DANCE FORMS • Pre-colonial Time

- theater in the Philippines was in the form of indigenous
PARCIPATORY - There is no distinction between performer rituals, verbal jousts or games, or songs and dances to praise
and audience, dancer or viewer. Everyone who wants to gods.
dance joins. - three elements – myth, mimesis, and spectacle.

THEATRICAL - The dancers are professionals who dance • Spanish Regime

on stage or on a dance floor while the audience watches - Zarzuela – form of musical theater that combines spoken
word and song that celebrates various Catholic liturgical
ETHNIC DANCES - refer to the dances of the ethnolinguistic feasts; used to influence the pagan tribes and teach them
communities of the Philippines about Christianity and religion.
- Comedia (moro-moro) - play in verse that portrays the lives,
FOLK DANCES - refer to dances of the rural folk loves, and wars of moors and Christians.

MODERN DANCE - originated in 20 th century introduced by • American Colonization

Americans - bodabil - a mix of songs, dances, comedy skits, and even
magical performances
1. JAZZ - African- American and Caribbean dance
• Japanese occupation
2. TAP - Theatrical dance where dancers tap their shoes - By the 1940s, when the Japanese took over the Philippines
and heels using special shoes from the Americans, movie actors and actresses could no
longer appear in films, as the Japanese confiscated all film
3. AEROBIC - physical exercise. It is called aerobic because equipment. However, the comedia, zarzuela, and bodabil
the routine increases oxygen inhalation and exhalation remained in the country as forms of entertainment and
over a period of time. expression.

4. BALLROOM - various dances and inside specialized • Philippine Theater as We Know it Today
ballrooms whose center has a dance floor, and tables - After the Japanese occupation, the Philippine theatre has
and chairs around where clients can sit and snack evolved to become an amalgamation of the various
between dances. influences such that of the zarzuela, comedia, bodabil, and
western classics
HOW DANCE IMPROVE YOUR MENTAL HEALTH?
- 1950s - the concept of paying for a ticket to see a theatrical
1) Free-flowing dance - “flow” performance emerged. This “legitimate” theatre was held in
2) Choreographed dance - brain processing closed theaters – these became events in themselves, not
3) Synchronized Dance - Sense of connection just mere parts of a celebration or religious ritual.

The Theatrical Arts ** Spanish culture and traditions largely influence performing
arts in the Philippines, but the contemporary style is
Theater Arts: definition borrowed from the Americans.
• Comes from the greek word “theatron” – seeing place
• Collaborative form of art that uses live performers, typically ELEMENTS (literary)
actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or 1. Plot - Action in a theatrical place
imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, 2. Theme - Meaning in a play
often a stage. 3. Characters - People created by the author
4. Dialogue - speak - fast
Theater VS. Film 5. MUSIC
6. Spectacle - Visual elements, set costumes
Theater
✔ originated in ancient religious ceremonies
✔ Performance is live
✔ Intimacy
✔ Connection with the audience
✔ Each performance is unique and different
Six Moments (Plot) Types of theater arts
1. Preliminary Event - what happens before the plot moves
2. Initial Incident – protagonist vs antagonist, beginning of • Musical Theater - performed in song and dance form.
the play
3. Rising Action - this is a series of events and incidents that • Melodrama - the plot, characters, dialogues are all
lead to the high point of the story exaggerated in order to appeal directly to the audience’s
4. Climax - the turning point in the plot emotions from the very beginning. Orchestral music or songs
5. Falling Action - series of incidents are often used to accompany the scenes or to signify specific
6. Denouement – unraveling, solution characters. This form of theatre was most popular during the
18th and 19th century.
Elements (Performance)
• Autobiographical - plays told from a first person
Direction perspective. The lead walks (or talks, for that matter) the
Character Creation audience through his life and its many moments.
Technical Elements - Property, cosmetics, Autobiographicals can either be a solo play or a multi-
style, sound character play.

Principles of Composition • Comedy - conveying a social message to the audience in a

1. Unity – there is unity when a particular work is focused on more palatable format.
its theme. It does not wander and go around without reason.
2. Coherence – this is achieved when every part of a script • Tragedy - Tragedy play is based on human suffering and
links with other parts emotionally painful events.
3. Emphasis – this is made when some elements of the play
stand out above others. • Historic Plays - plays that are based on a historical narrative

Basic Plots • Solo Theater - solo theatre is led by only one actor. These
plays could be anything, from comic acts to theatrical
1. Overcoming the monster – the hero sets out to defeat an representations of poetries and stories.
enemy which threatens the hero or the land. ( Darna,
Panday) • Epic - the focus is less on making the audience identify with
the characters on stage and more on bringing out the
2. Rags to Riches – A poor hero becomes wealthy, powerful, connection with the setting of the stage.
and gets a mate. (Telenovelas)

3. The Quest – a search for an object, a person, location, or

some hidden knowledge which requires the hero to leave
everyday life, familiar surrounding, and a comfort zone.
a. The hero and a loyal friend and no one else
b. The hero and someone who is usually the opposite
c. The hero and a large group of nameless minions, who
die as the story goes on until not a single one makes it
to the end except the hero
d. The hero and a party balanced in skills of brain,
brawn, and soul.

3. Voyage and Return – the hero travels to a realm where

things behave not as the hero has expected, the laws of
nature are different, and common sense and logic will not do
much good for the hero. Magical.

4. Comedy – has light and humorous characters. The plot

ends with a happy or cheerful ending .

5. Tragedy – the hero, despite all virtues and strengths has

one major flaw. This flaw leads to the hero’s downfall.

7. Rebirth – the hero faces and important event and is forced

to change; as a result, the hero become a better person and
overcoming a monster