2023 June Holiday Revision Set 3 Paper 1 Solutions

Qn Suggested Solution
1(i) 1
 x  (4 − x 2 ) dx = −
2  (−2 x)  (4 − x 2 ) dx

1 2 3

= −  (4 − x 2 ) 2  + C
2 3 
3
1
= − (4 − x 2 ) 2 + C
3
y
y=3

x
O x=2
Volume required
2
 3 

2 1
= π(3 )(2) − π
2
 x 2 (4 − x ) 4  dx
2

0 


2 1
= 18π − π x (4 − x ) dx
3 2 2

0
 

2 1
= 18π − π x 2  x(4 − x 2 ) 2  dx
0  
= 18π
 3 2
 

2 3
 21 1 
− π   − x (4 − x )  −
2 2
− (4 − x 2 ) 2 (2 x)dx 
  3  0 0 3 
2
π 2 
5
= 18π +  (4 − x 2 ) 2 
3  5  0
π 2 2
5
= 18π +  − (4) 
3  5 
64
= 18π − π
15
206
= π
15

1
Qn Suggested Solution
2(i) z = k +i
z 2 = (k + i)2 = k 2 + 2(k )(i) + (i)2 = (k 2 − 1) + (2k )i
z 3 = (k + i)3 = k 3 + 3(k )2 (i) + 3(k )(i)2 + (i)3
= (k 3 − 3k ) + (3k 2 − 1)i

z 3 − iz 2 − 2 z − 4i = 0
[(k 3 − 3k ) + (3k 2 − 1)i] − i[(k 2 − 1) + (2k )i] − 2[k + i] − 4i = 0
[(k 3 − 3k ) + 2k − 2k ] + i[(3k 2 − 1) − (k 2 −1) − 2 − 4] = 0
(k 3 − 3k ) + i(2k 2 − 6) = 0 y
k (k − 3) = 0 and 2k − 6 = 0
2 2
1
(k = 0 or k =  3) and k =  3
x
Hence, k =  3 0

(ii) z = 3+i ( k  0)
z = 1+ 3 = 2

arg( z ) =
6

Method 1: By Polar Form & Trigonometry

  
z = 2ei 6 = 2  cos + i sin 
 6 6
 n n 
z n = 2n ein 6 = 2n  cos + i sin 
 6 6 
n
z n is real  sin =0
6
n
 = k , where k 
6
 n = 6k , where k 
Hence, n = 0,  6,  12,  18, ...

Method 2: By Properties of arg(z)

n
arg( z n ) = n arg( z ) =
6
z is real, the point representing z n on the Argand diagram is on the x-axis.
n

n
Thus, arg( z n ) = = k , where k 
6
 n = 6k , where k 
i.e. n = 0,  6,  12,  18, ...

2
 Given z n  100 .
z n = z = 2n
n

Hence, 2n  100
But n is a multiple of 6. We then have
26 = 64  100
212 = 4096  100
The least value of n is then 12.

Qn Suggested Solution
3(i) a  b = 4a  c
( a  b ) − ( 4a  c ) = 0
( a  b ) − ( a  4c ) = 0
a  ( b − 4c ) = 0
These are the three possible conclusion that can be drawn from the above equation.
1) a = 0
2) ( b − 4c ) = 0
3) a is parallel to b – 4c , hence b – 4c =  a
We will present no. 3) as we are expected to show the given expression in (i).
(ii) 1
a  b = 126
2
1
4a  c = 126
2
126
ac =
2
 b − 4c  126
 c = 2
 3 
3 126
( b  c ) − ( 4c  c ) =
2
378
(b  c) =
2
(iii) Area of parallelogram with adjacent sides OB and OC.
(iv) (b – 4c) . (b – 4c) = 3|a|2
|b|2 – 8 b . c + 16|c|2 = 3|a|2
10
b.c= −
8
10
−
b.c
cos  = = 8
| b || c | 1(2)
 = 128.7 and not 51.30

3
Qn Suggested Solution
4(i)

Height of cross-section of boat = 1 c2

4 − 14 w2

A= 1
2
1 c2
4 − 14 w2 ( c + w )

= 1
4 c 2 − w2 ( c + w )
= 1
4 ( c + w )( c − w ) ( c + w )
1
= (c + w) 2 (c − w) 2 ( c + w )
1 1

4
1 3 1
= (c + w) 2 (c − w) 2
4
= 4 ( 2 ) (c + w) 2 (c − w) 2 − 14 ( 12 ) (c + w) 2 (c − w) 2
(ii) dA 1 3 1 1 3 −1

dw
1 3
3(c + w) 2 (c − w) − (c + w) 2
=
8(c − w) 2
1

1
(c + w) 2 [3(c − w) − (c + w)]
=
8(c − w) 2
1

1
(c + w) 2 [c − 2 w]
=
4(c − w) 2
1

dA
For stationary A  =0
dw
1
1 (c + w) 2 (c − 2 w) =0
8
w = −c (reject as w > 0) or w = 12 c (shown)

Alternative
1
A2 = (c + w)3 (c − w)
16
dA
2A = 1 3(c + w) 2 (c − w) − (c + w)3 
dw 16
= 16
1 (c + w) 2 (3c − 3w − c − w)

= 16
1 (c + w) 2 (2c − 4 w)

dA
A = 16
1 (c + w) 2 (c − 2 w)
dw

4
 dA
For stationary A  =0
dw
w = −c (reject as w > 0) or w = 12 c

1 c− 1c 1 c+
w 2 2 2
dA
+ve 0 +ve
dw
Tangent / – \
c
When w = , A is maximum. (shown)
2
Qn Suggested Solution
5(i) Method 1
y = ln(1 + tan x)
e y = 1 + tan x − − − − − (1)
Differentiate wrt x,
dy
ey = sec 2 x − − − − − (2)
dx
Differentiate wrt x,
2
d2 y  dy 
ey
+ e y   = 2sec x (sec x tan x) [from (1), tan x = e y − 1]
 dx 
2
dx
2
d2 y  dy  dy dy
ey
+ e y   = 2e y (e y − 1) [from (2), sec 2 x = e y ]
 dx 
2
dx dx dx
2
d 2 y  dy  dy
 2 +   + 2 (1 − e y ) = 0
dx  dx  dx
( e y  0) (shown)

Method 2 (Discouraged)
y = ln(1 + tan x)
dy sec 2 x
=
dx 1 + tan x
d 2 y (1 + tan x)2sec 2 x tan x − (sec 2 x)(sec 2 x)
=
dx 2 (1 + tan x) 2
2
2sec 2 x tan x  sec 2 x 
= − 
1 + tan x  1 + tan x 
2
 dy   dy 
= 2   tan x −  
 dx   dx 
2
d2 y  dy   dy 
 2 = 2   (e y − 1) −   [ e y = 1 + tan x]
dx  dx   dx 
2
d 2 y  dy   dy 
 2 +   + 2   (1 − e y ) = 0 (shown)
dx  dx   dx 

5
(ii) When x = 0, y = ln(1 + tan 0) = 0
dy dy
e0 = sec 2 0  =1
dx dx
d2 y d2 y
+ ( ) + − =  = −1
2 0
1 2(1)(1 e ) 0
dx 2 dx 2
d3 y
Given that 3 = 4 ,
dx
x2 x3 1 2
y = x + ( −1) + (4) + ... = x − x 2 + x 3 + ...
2! 3! 2 3

d d 1 2
ln(1 + tan x) = ( x − x 2 + x 3 + ...)
dx dx 2 3
2
sec x
 = 1 − x + 2 x 2 + ...
1 + tan x

Replace x with (-x),

sec2 ( − x )
= 1 − ( − x ) + 2 ( − x ) + ...
2

1 + tan ( − x )
sec 2 ( x )
 = 1 + x + 2 x 2 + ...
1 − tan ( x )
( tan(− x) = − tan x and cos( − x) = cos( x))

Alternative
Replace x with (-x),

ln(1 − tan x) = ln(1 + tan(− x))

1 2
= − x − (− x) 2 + (− x)3 + ...
2 3
1 2
= − x − x 2 − x 3 + ...
2 3

d d 1 2
ln(1 − tan x) = (− x − x 2 − x3 + ...)
dx dx 2 3
− sec x
2
= −1 − x − 2 x 2 + ...
1 − tan x
sec2 x
= 1 + x + 2 x 2 + ...
1 − tan x

6
Qn Suggested Solution
6(i) 1 − 2r = A(r + 1) + Br
= ( A + B )r + A
 A = 1, B = −3
(ii) n
1 − 2r n
( r + 1) − 3r

r =1 3r
=
r =1 3r
n
 r +1 r 
=   r − r −1 
r =1  3 3 
2 1
= 1 − 0 +
3 3 
 3 2
 2 − 1+
3 3 
4 3
 3 − 2 +
3 3 

 n −1 n − 2 
 n − 2 − n −3  +
3 3 
 n n −1
 n −1 − n −2  +
3 3 
 n +1 n 
 n − n −1 
 3 3 
n +1
= n −1
3
(iii) 
2 − 2r 
1 − 2r + 1

r =1 3r
=
r =1 3r

 1 − 2r 1 
=  r + r 
r =1  3 3 

 1 − 2r    1 
=  r  +  r 
r =1  3  r =1  3 
1
 n +1 
= lim  n − 1 + 3
n →
 3  1− 1
3
1
= −1 +
2
1
=−
2

7
Qn Suggested Solution


7(a) 1 x = et
dt
2e + e−t
t
dx t
=e
1 1

= dt
1  x 
dx
1
2x + "dt = dx "
x x


1
= dx
2x + 1
2


1 1
= 2
dx
2  1 
x +
2

 2

tan −1 ( 2 x ) + C
2
=
2

tan −1 ( 2e t ) + C
2
=
2
(b) 4+ x A Bx + C
Let = + .
(1 − x)(4 + x ) 2 1 − x 4 + x2
Then
A(4 + x 2 ) + ( Bx + C )(1 − x) = 4 + x
x = 1: A = 1
x2 : A − B = 0 B = 1
constant: 4 A + C = 4  C = 0
4+ x 1 x
= + .
(1 − x)(4 + x ) 2 1 − x 4 + x2

n 4+ x
2 (1 − x)(4 + x2 ) dx
n 
2  1 − x + 4 + x2  dx
1 x
=

n


1 
=  − ln |1 − x | + ln 4 + x 2 
2 2
( )
1
2
(1
= − ln |1 − n | + ln 4 + n 2 − ln 8
2
)
1
2
1
2
1
= − ln |1 − n |2 + ln 4 + n 2 − ln 8
2
( )
1  4+n  2
= ln  
2  8(n − 1) 2 

8
 Qn Suggested Solution
8(i) x = a cos3 t , y = a sin 3 t for 0  t  
dy dy dt 3a sin 2 t cos t
=  = = − tan t
dx dt dx −3a cos 2 t sin t
dy
Let =0
dx
− tan t = 0  t = 0, 
Points on curve where tangent is parallel to x-axis are (a,0) and ( − a,0)
dx 1 
Let =0 =0t =
dy − tan t 2
Point on curve where tangent is parallel to y -axis are (0,a )
(ii)
y

(0,a)

x
(-a,0) O (a,0)

(iii)(a)
y

(0,1/a)
O x
x= -a x=a

(iii)(b) y

y=f ’(x)

(a,0)
x
(-a,0) O

9
(iv)
Equation of tangent at point P with parameter p:
y − a sin 3 p = − tan p ( x − a cos3 p )
y cos p − a sin 3 p cos p = − sin p ( x − a cos3 p )
x sin p + y cos p = ( a sin p cos p ) (cos 2 p + sin 2 p )
x sin p + y cos p = a sin p cos p ( shown)
(v)
 
Given p = , gradient of tangent at P is − tan =− 3
3 3
1
 gradient of tangent at Q =
3
1 5
Value of parameter at Q : − tan t = t =
3 6

Qn Suggested Solution
9i) du
= k (u − a) , where k is a constant.
dt
du du
Given = 1 when u = 14.5 and = 2 when u = 14,
dt dt
1 = k (14.5 − a) -----(1)
2 = k (14 − a) ------(2)
From GC,
k = −2 and ak = −30
 a = 15
du
 = −2(u − 15) (shown)
dt
(ii) 1
 u − 15 du = −2 dt
ln | u − 15 | = −2t + C
| u − 15 |= e −2t + C
u = 15 + Ae−2t where A = eC

−2 t
(iii) As t → , e → 0, u → 15
Joseph will eventually reach a steady speed of 15 km/h.

du
Alternatively, at steady speed, → 0, u → 15
dt
(iv) s =  u dt

=  (15 + Ae −2t ) dt
A −2t
= 15t − e +D
2

10
 Qn Suggested Solution
10(i) ( x + 1)2 − 12 = 0  x = −1  12
Asymptotes are: y = 1, x = −1 − 12, x = −1 + 12
(ii) x2 − 5 x2 − 5
y= =
( x + 1)2 − 12 x 2 + 2 x − 11
y ( x 2 + 2 x − 11) = x 2 − 5
( y − 1) x 2 + 2 yx + 5 − 11y = 0
For no values of x, there are no real solutions for the above quadratic equation.
Discriminant = 4 y 2 + 4( y − 1)(11y − 5)  0
12 y 2 − 16 y + 5  0
(6 y − 5)(2 y − 1)  0
 12  y  56 (shown)
(iii) At turning points of C,
When y = 12 , x = 1;
When y = 56 , x = 5 .
Coordinates of turning points (1, 12 ) and (5, 56 ).
y
C

y=1
×
×
x
O

(iv) y

×
×
y=1
x
O

(v) (1 − x) 2 − 5 ( x − 1) 2 − 5
y= = .
((1 − x) + 1) 2 − 12 ( x − 2) 2 − 12
Therefore x is replaced with 1 – x.
11
 y = f ( x) → y = f ( x + 1) → y = f ((− x) + 1) = f (1 − x)
Sequence of transformation:
C is translated by 1 unit in the negative x-direction and then reflected in the y-axis

OR y = f ( x) → y = f (− x) → y = f (−( x − 1)) = f (1 − x)
C is reflected in the y-axis and then translated 1 unit in the positive x-direction.

Qn Suggested Solution
11(i)  2  0  2 
     
AB =  −1 −  1  =  −2 
 4  1  3 
     
 −2   0   −2 
     
AC =  −1  −  1  =  −2 
 0   1   −1 
     
 2   −2   8   2
       
AB  AC =  −2    −2  =  −4  = 4  −1 
 3   −1   −8   −2 
       
 2
 
Choose normal vector n p for plane p =  −1  .
 −2 
 
 2  0  2 
     
p : r   −1  =  1    −1  = −3
 −2   1   −2 
     
A cartesian equation of the plane p is 2 x − y − 2 z = −3
(ii) Let the acute angle between l and p be  .

The angle between the normal vector n p (for plane p) and the direction vector ml (for
line l),
 2 1
   
 −1    0 
 −2   −2 
 = cos −1     = cos −1 6 = 26.565
 2 1 3 5
   
 −1   0 
 −2   −2 
   

 = 90 − 26.565 = 63.4 ( to 1d.p.)

12
(iii) Assume Q lies on the line l.
5 2  1   5= 2+  = 3
       
 −1  =  −1 +   0    −1 = −1  
 −2   4   −2  −2 = 4 − 2  = 3
       
Since  = 3 is consistent throughout, Q lies on the line l.

Alternative 1:
 5 2  3
     
Since OQ =  −1  =  −1 +  0 
 −2   4   −6 
     
2 1
   
=  − 1 + 3  0 
 4   −2 
   
Q lies on the line l.

Alternative 2:
x−2 z−4
l: = , y = −1
1 −2
Q = (5, −1, −2) , i.e. x = 5, y = -1, z = 4.

x−2 5−2 z − 4 −2 − 4
= =3, = = 3.
1 1 −2 −2
Hence, Q lies on the line l.

(iv) Let F be the foot of perpendicular from the point Q to the plane p.
5  2
   
lQF : r =  −1  +   −1  ,  
 −2   −2 
   
 5  2
   
Since F lies on lQF , OF =  −1  +   −1  , for some   .
 −2   −2 
   
 2
 
Since F also lies on plane p, OF   −1  = −3 .
 −2 
 
 5   2   2 
     
  −1  +   − 1     − 1  = − 3
 −2   −2    −2 
   
2 ( 5 + 2  ) − ( −1 −  ) − 2 ( − 2 − 2  ) = − 3
15 + 9  = −3   = −2

13
  5   2  1
     
 OF =  −1  − 2  −1  =  1 
 −2   −2   2 
     
The foot of perpendicular from the point Q to the plane p is (1,1, 2 ) .
Alternative :

QF = (QA  nˆ ) nˆ , where n is a normal vector of p

  −5   2    2 
  1   1  
=   2    −1    −1 
  3  3  −2   3  −2 
     
 2
 
= −2  −1 
 −2 
 

 5   2  1
     
 OF = OQ + QF =  −1  − 2  −1  =  1 
 −2   −2   2 
     
The foot of perpendicular from the point Q to the plane p is (1,1, 2 ) .

(v) OF = 12 (OQ + OQ)

OQ = 2OF − OQ
 1   5   −3 
     
= 2  1  −  −1  =  3 
 2   −2   6 
     

Equivalent Methods
OQ = OF + QF
OQ = OQ + QQ
= OQ + 2QF

BQ = OQ − OB
 −3   2   −5 
     
=  3  −  −1  =  4 
6 4  2
     
Alternative:
BQ = BQ + QQ
 5   2    −4   −5 
        
=   −1  −  −1   + 2  2  = 4 
 −2   4    4
 
2
 

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A vector equation of the line which is a reflection of the line l in plane p is
2  −5 
   
r =  −1 +   4  ,  
4  2
   
 −3   −5 
   
or r =  3  +   4  ,  
6  2
   

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