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Su - Basic Circuits - 01

This document provides an overview of a basic circuits course being taught by Ir. Ulfah Khairiyah Luthfiyani. It outlines her educational background and expertise in robotics, machine learning, and programming. The document then presents the table of contents which covers topics like overview, voltage and current, basic circuit elements, reference direction, power and energy. It explains why computer scientists should learn basic circuits for understanding hardware, troubleshooting, developing embedded systems, and innovating with prototypes. Key circuit concepts like voltage, current, resistance, resistors, capacitors, inductors, batteries, and transformers are defined using water analogies. Power is defined as the strength of electricity flow while energy is the accumulated flow over

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Ulfah Khairiyah Luthfiyani
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43 views23 pages

Su - Basic Circuits - 01

This document provides an overview of a basic circuits course being taught by Ir. Ulfah Khairiyah Luthfiyani. It outlines her educational background and expertise in robotics, machine learning, and programming. The document then presents the table of contents which covers topics like overview, voltage and current, basic circuit elements, reference direction, power and energy. It explains why computer scientists should learn basic circuits for understanding hardware, troubleshooting, developing embedded systems, and innovating with prototypes. Key circuit concepts like voltage, current, resistance, resistors, capacitors, inductors, batteries, and transformers are defined using water analogies. Power is defined as the strength of electricity flow while energy is the accumulated flow over

Uploaded by

Ulfah Khairiyah Luthfiyani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WELCOME TO

BASIC
CIRCUITS
August, 22 2023
INSTRUCTOR
Ir. Ulfah Khairiyah Luthfiyani, MEng

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
S1: Electrical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Indonesia
S2: Electrical Engineering, Korea National University of
Transportation
Pro. Engineer: PSPPI, Institut Teknologi Indonesia

EXPERTISE
Robotics
Intelligent Systems, Machine Learning, & AI
Programming and Platform Simulation
TABLE OF CONTENT
01 02 03
OVERVIEW VOLTAGE & CURRENT BASIC CIRCUIT
ELEMENTS
Introduction of Circuits The fundamental concepts Resistors, Capacitors, and
of voltage and current Inductors

04 05
REFERENCE POWER & ENERGY
DIRECTION
Determining the positive or The Concept of Power &
negative sign of voltage Energy Consumption
OVERVIEW
BASIC CIRCUITS
WHY COMPUTER SCIENTIST
SHOULD LEARN BASIC CIRCUITS?

Learning basic circuits is an essential skill for computer


scientists because it provides a solid foundation for
understanding and working with the hardware components
that underpin computer systems. This knowledge enhances
problem-solving abilities, enables innovation, and broadens
career prospects within the field of computer science.
Source: Boston Dynamics
IMPORTANT REASON TO LEARN BASIC CIRCUITS

Understanding Hardware: Computer scientists often work with software


and systems that interact directly with hardware components.
Troubleshooting: When computer systems encounter issues or
malfunctions, diagnosing and fixing the problem effectively is essential.
Knowledge of circuits enables computer scientists to trace issues back to
potential hardware problems, making troubleshooting more efficient.
Embedded Systems: Many computer science applications involve
embedded systems, such as microcontrollers and IoT devices.
IMPORTANT REASON TO LEARN BASIC CIRCUITS

Interface Development: Computer scientists need to understand the


electrical interfaces and communication protocols used to ensure that the
software interacts correctly with the hardware.
Innovation and Prototyping: For computer scientists involved in research
or innovation, a grasp of basic circuits is essential for building prototypes
like robotics, AI, or hardware acceleration.
Energy Efficiency: Help computer scientists optimize algorithms and
software to minimize power consumption, extending the life of battery-
powered devices and reducing energy costs in data centers.
VOLTAGE &
CURRENT
VOLTAGE is like the pressure that pushes water through the hose. It is measured in volts (V).
CURRENT is like the diameter of the hose. The wider it is, the more water will flow through. It
is measured in amps (I or A).
RESISTANCE is like sand in the hose that slows down the water flow. It is measured in ohms
(R or Ω).
Voltage: The electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit. It measures the "pressure" or
potential energy that drives the flow of current.
Current: The flow of electric charge (usually electrons) through a conductor in a unit of time. It measures the
amount of charge flowing.
Resistance: The friction or obstruction that electrons encounter as they move through a conductor, such as a
wire or a component like a resistor. The higher the resistance, the more difficult it is for current to flow.
CIRCUIT
ELEMENTS
Resistor: limit the flow of water (current) in the
system. The wider the pipe (lower resistance), the
easier water flows.
Capacitor: store and release energy in a controlled
manner, similar to how the tank stores and releases
water.
Inductor: generates a magnetic field, when you try
to change the flow of water (change in current), the
coil resists the change by generating a backflow or
"counter-emf" (analogous to a voltage spike in an
inductor). Inductors resist changes in current flow.
REFERENCE
DIRECTION
Batteries --> are like water pumps that
send water through a closed loop. They
have capacity measures like amp-hours
and kilowatt hours. Batteries generate
DC power.
Transformers --> are like partially covering a
hose end to make water spray farther. They
increase voltage (pressure) while keeping
power (water volume) the same. Transformers
are used in power lines for efficient long-
distance electricity transmission. Transformers
work with AC, which is why AC won over DC for
long-distance power transfer a century ago.
POWER &
ENERGY
Power: The strength of the water flow from the hose. It's how fast water (or electricity) is being
pushed out. We measure electric power in watts (W). If we're dealing with larger amounts of
power, we use kilowatts (1 KW = 1000 watts) or even megawatts (1 MW = 1,000,000 watts),
which are like big water flows.
Energy: How much water has flowed through the hose over a certain time, just like filling a
bucket with 5 gallons of water in a minute. Energy is like that accumulated flow over time. It's
not just about how strong the flow is, but how much has been delivered. Electric energy is
measured in watt hours (Wh). On your electric bill, you'll often see kilowatt hours (1 kWh = 1,000
watt hours).
THANK YOU

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