ADNAN SALEEM

University of Cambridge International Examinations 9608

(Cambridge Assessment International Education)

AS Level Paper 1
Computer Science
Paper 1: Theory Fundamentals

Topical Practice Book

Including
 Questions from 2005-2017
 Mark Scheme
 May and November Both Sessions and Variants
 CAIE Latest Syllabus Attached
 Example Candidate Response for P1 (High-Medium-Low)

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Book Title: CAIE AS Computer Science 9608 Topical Classified Paper 1 (with Mark Scheme)
Code
Compiler: Adnan Saleem (03224125423 / [email protected])

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Designed By: M. Rehan Tahir 0323-4567 519
Edition: 2018
Syllabus CAIE 2018-2022
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 Content Page

Topic Description Page

1 Information Representation…………………………………………. 5

2 Communication and Internet Technologies…………………….. 53

3 Hardware………………………………………………………………. 97

4 Logic Gates and Logic Circuits………………………………….. 129

5 Processor Fundamentals…………………………………………. 179

6 Assembly Language Programming………….………….……….197

7 System Software………….………….………….………….……… 253

8 Data Security, Privacy and Integrity………….………….………281

9 Ethics and Ownership………….………….………….……………311

10 Database and Data Modelling………….………….……………... 329

11 CAIE Latest Syllabus Content ………….………….……………. 393

12 Example Candidate Responses………….………….……………405

 Topic 1

Information
Representation

5
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 1

SOLUTION

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 2

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 3

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 4

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 5

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 6

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 7

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 8

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 19 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 9

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

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[email protected] 22 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 10

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[email protected] 23 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 11

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 12

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

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[email protected] 28 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 13

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[email protected] 30 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 14

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[email protected] 31 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 15

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[email protected] 32 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 33 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

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[email protected] 34 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 16

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[email protected] 35 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 36 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 17

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[email protected] 37 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 18

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[email protected] 38 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

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[email protected] 39 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 40 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 19

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 41 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 20

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[email protected] 42 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

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[email protected] 43 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 44 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 21

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[email protected] 45 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 22

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[email protected] 46 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 23

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[email protected] 47 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

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[email protected] 48 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 49 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

QUESTION # 24

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[email protected] 50 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 51 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 1: Information Representation

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[email protected] 52 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

 Topic 2

Communication
and Internet
Technologies
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53
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 1

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[email protected] 54 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 55 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 56 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 2

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[email protected] 57 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 58 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 3

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[email protected] 59 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 60 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 4

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[email protected] 61 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 62 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 63 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 64 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 65 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 5

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 6

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[email protected] 67 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 68 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 69 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 70 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 71 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 7

SOLUTION EM
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[email protected] 72 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 8

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[email protected] 73 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 74 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 9

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[email protected] 75 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 76 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 77 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 78 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 79 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 10

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[email protected] 80 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 81 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 11

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[email protected] 82 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 83 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 12

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[email protected] 84 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 85 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 86 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 87 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 13

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[email protected] 88 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 89 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 90 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 14

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[email protected] 91 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 92 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 93 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

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[email protected] 94 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

QUESTION # 15

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[email protected] 95 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 2: Communication & Internet Technologies

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 96 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

 Topic 3

Hardware

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97
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

QUESTION # 1

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[email protected] 98 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 99 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

QUESTION # 2

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[email protected] 100 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 101 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware
QUESTION # 3

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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 4

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[email protected] 103 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 5

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[email protected] 104 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

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[email protected] 105 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 106 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

QUESTION # 6

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[email protected] 107 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 7

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[email protected] 108 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 109 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

QUESTION # 8

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[email protected] 110 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 111 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

QUESTION # 9

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SOLUTION
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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

QUESTION # 10

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[email protected] 113 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 114 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

QUESTION # 11

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[email protected] 115 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

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[email protected] 116 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

OLUTION

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[email protected] 117 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

QUESTION # 12

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[email protected] 118 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 119 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

QUESTION # 13

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[email protected] 120 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

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[email protected] 121 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 122 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

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[email protected] 123 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

QUESTION # 14

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[email protected] 124 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

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[email protected] 125 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 126 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

QUESTION # 15

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[email protected] 127 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 3: Hardware

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 128 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

 Topic 4

Logic Gates and

Logic Circuits

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129
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 130 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 1

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[email protected] 131 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 132 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 133 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 134 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 135 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 2

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[email protected] 136 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 137 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 138 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 139 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 140 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 3

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[email protected] 141 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 142 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 143 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 4

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[email protected] 144 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 145 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 5

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[email protected] 146 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 147 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 148 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 149 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 6

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[email protected] 150 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 151 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 152 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 7

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[email protected] 153 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 154 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 155 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 8

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[email protected] 156 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 157 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 9

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[email protected] 158 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 159 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 160 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 10

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[email protected] 161 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 162 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 163 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 164 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 11

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[email protected] 165 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 166 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 167 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 168 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 12

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[email protected] 169 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 170 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 171 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 172 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 173 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

QUESTION # 13

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[email protected] 174 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 175 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 176 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 4: Logic Gates & Logic Circuits

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[email protected] 177 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

178
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 Topic 5

Processor
Fundamentals

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179
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

QUESTION # 1

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[email protected] 180 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 181 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

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[email protected] 182 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

QUESTION # 2

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[email protected] 183 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

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[email protected] 184 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 185 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

QUESTION # 3

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[email protected] 186 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 187 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

QUESTION # 4

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[email protected] 188 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 189 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

QUESTION # 5

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 190 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

QUESTION # 6

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[email protected] 191 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

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[email protected] 192 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 193 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

QUESTION # 7

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[email protected] 194 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

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[email protected] 195 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 5: Processor Fundamentals

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 196 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

 Topic 6

Assembly
Language
Programming
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197
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 1

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[email protected] 198 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 199 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 2

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 200 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 3

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[email protected] 201 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 202 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 203 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 204 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 4

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[email protected] 205 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 206 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 207 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 208 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 209 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 5

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[email protected] 210 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 211 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 212 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 213 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 6

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[email protected] 214 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 215 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 216 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 7

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[email protected] 217 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION
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[email protected] 218 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 8

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[email protected] 219 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 220 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 221 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 222 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 223 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 9

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[email protected] 224 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 225 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 226 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 227 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 10

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[email protected] 228 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 229 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 230 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 231 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 232 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 233 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 234 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 11

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[email protected] 235 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 236 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 237 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 238 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 239 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 240 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 12

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[email protected] 241 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 242 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 243 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 244 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 13

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[email protected] 245 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 246 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 247 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 248 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 249 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

QUESTION # 14

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[email protected] 250 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

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[email protected] 251 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 6: Assembly Language Programming

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 252 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

 Topic 7

System Software

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253
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

QUESTION # 1

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[email protected] 254 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 2

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[email protected] 255 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 256 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

QUESTION # 3

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[email protected] 257 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 258 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

QUESTION # 4

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[email protected] 259 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 5

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[email protected] 260 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 6

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[email protected] 261 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 7

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[email protected] 262 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 263 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

QUESTION # 8

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[email protected] 264 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 9

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[email protected] 265 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 266 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

QUESTION # 10

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[email protected] 267 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 268 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

QUESTION # 11

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[email protected] 269 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 270 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

QUESTION # 12

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[email protected] 271 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 272 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

QUESTION # 13

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[email protected] 273 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 274 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

QUESTION # 14

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[email protected] 275 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

EM
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QUESTION # 15
AN
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AD

[email protected] 276 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

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[email protected] 277 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 278 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

QUESTION # 16

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[email protected] 279 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 7: System Software

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 280 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

 Topic 8

Data Security,
Privacy and
Integrity
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281
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 1

SOLUTION
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[email protected] 282 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 2

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[email protected] 283 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 284 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 3

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[email protected] 285 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 286 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 4

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[email protected] 287 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 288 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 5

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[email protected] 289 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

QUESTION # 6

EM
SOLUTION
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[email protected] 290 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 7

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[email protected] 291 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 292 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 8

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[email protected] 293 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 294 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 9

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[email protected] 295 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 296 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 10

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[email protected] 297 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

EM
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[email protected] 298 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 11

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[email protected] 299 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 300 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 12

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[email protected] 301 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 302 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 13

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SOLUTION
EN
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[email protected] 303 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

EM
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[email protected] 304 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 14

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[email protected] 305 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 306 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 15

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[email protected] 307 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 308 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

QUESTION # 16

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[email protected] 309 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 8: Data Security, Privacy & Integrity

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 310 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

 Topic 9

Ethics and
Ownership

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311
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

QUESTION # 1

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 312 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

QUESTION # 2

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[email protected] 313 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 314 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

QUESTION # 3

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[email protected] 315 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 316 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

QUESTION # 4

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[email protected] 317 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 318 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

QUESTION # 5

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[email protected] 319 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 320 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

QUESTION # 6

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[email protected] 321 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 322 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

QUESTION # 7

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[email protected] 323 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 324 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

QUESTION # 8

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[email protected] 325 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

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[email protected] 326 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 9: Ethics & Ownership

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 327 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

328
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 Topic 10

Database and
Data Modelling

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329
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 1

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[email protected] 330 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 331 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 332 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 333 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 334 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 335 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 2

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[email protected] 336 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 337 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

EM
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[email protected] 338 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 339 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 340 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 3

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[email protected] 341 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 342 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 343 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

EM
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[email protected] 344 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 345 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 4

EM
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[email protected] 346 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 347 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

EM
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[email protected] 348 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 5

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[email protected] 349 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

EM
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SOLUTION
[email protected] 350 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 351 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 6

EM
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[email protected] 352 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 353 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

EM
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[email protected] 354 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 7

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[email protected] 355 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

EM
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[email protected] 356 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 357 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

EM
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[email protected] 358 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 8

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[email protected] 359 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

EM
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[email protected] 360 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 361 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 362 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 9

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[email protected] 363 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

EM
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[email protected] 364 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 365 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 10

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[email protected] 366 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 367 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 368 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

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[email protected] 369 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 11

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[email protected] 370 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 371 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

EM
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[email protected] 372 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 373 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 12

EM
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[email protected] 374 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 375 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

EM
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[email protected] 376 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 13

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[email protected] 377 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 378 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 379 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

SOLUTION

EM
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[email protected] 380 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

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[email protected] 381 Sir Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)

AS Computer Science Paper 1 Topic 10: Database and Data Modelling

QUESTION # 14

EM
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SOLUTION

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QUESTION # 15

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SOLUTION

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SYLLABUS
Cambridge International AS and A Level
Computer Science

9608
For examination in June and November 2017, 2018 and 2019

Changes to syllabus for 2017, 2018 and 2019

This syllabus has been updated. The latest version is version 2, published May 2016.

Changes have been made to page 36, 3.5.4 Malware

The first bullet now reads:
3.5.4 Malware
• show understanding of malware: viruses, spyware, worms, phishing, pharming

Significant changes to the syllabus are indicated by black vertical lines either side of the text.

You are strongly advised to read the whole syllabus before planning your teaching
programme.

Assessment at a glance
For Cambridge International AS and A Level Computer Science, candidates may choose:
• to take Papers 1, 2, 3 and 4 in the same examination series, leading to the full Cambridge International
A Level
• to follow a staged assessment route by taking Papers 1 and 2 (for the AS Level qualification) in one
series, then Papers 3 and 4 (for the full Cambridge International A Level) in a later series
• to take Papers 1 and 2 only (for the AS Level qualification).

Components Weighting (%)

AS A

Paper 1 Theory Fundamentals 50 25

This written paper contains short-answer and structured questions.
There is no choice of questions.
75 marks
Externally assessed 1 hour 30 minutes

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Syllabus content at a glance

Section Topics

Section 1 1.1 Information representation

Theory Fundamentals 1.1.1 Number representation
1.1.2 Images
1.1.3 Sound
1.1.4 Video
1.1.5 Compression techniques
1.2 Communication and Internet technologies
1.2.1 Networks
1.2.2 IP addressing
1.2.3 Client- and server-side scripting
1.3 Hardware
1.3.1 Input, output and storage devices
1.3.2 Main memory
1.3.3 Logic gates and logic circuits
1.4 Processor fundamentals
1.4.1 CPU architecture
1.4.2 The fetch-execute cycle
1.4.3 The processor’s instruction set
1.4.4 Assembly language
1.5 System software
1.5.1 Operating system
1.5.2 Utility programs
1.5.3 Library programs
1.5.4 Language translators
1.6 Security, privacy and data integrity
1.6.1 Data security
1.6.2 Data integrity
1.7 Ethics and ownership
1.7.1 Ethics
1.7.2 Ownership
1.8 Database and data modelling
1.8.1 Database Management Systems (DBMS)
1.8.2 Relational database modelling
1.8.3 Data Definition Language (DDL) and Data Manipulation
Language (DML)

Relationship between assessment objectives and components

The approximate weightings allocated to each of the assessment objectives are summarised below.

Assessment objective Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 3 Paper 4 AS Level A Level

(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

AO1 Knowledge with understanding 20 5 20 5 50 50

AO2 Skills 5 20 5 20 50 50

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6. Syllabus content

Annual technical updates

Technical updates will be published each year to take account of emerging technologies relevant to
the Syllabus content. Please refer to the updates page for this syllabus on the Cambridge website
http://www.cie.org.uk/9608 for the relevant year of examination.

This syllabus is set out in the form of teaching sections. Each teaching section is assessed by its associated
paper. The AS Level syllabus consists of teaching Sections 1 and 2 only, and the A Level syllabus consists of
all four teaching sections.

The subject content for each section is shown below.

Syllabus Paper Section title

content
section

1 1 Theory Fundamentals

2 2 Fundamental Problem-solving and Programming Skills

3 3 Advanced Theory

4 4 Further Problem-solving and Programming Skills

Each section is presented as a set of sub-sections, each with details of content and associated learning
outcomes.

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Section 1 Theory Fundamentals

1.1 Information representation
Candidates should be able to:

1.1.1 Number representation

• show understanding of the basis of different number systems and use the binary, denary and
hexadecimal number system
• convert a number from one number system to another
• express a positive or negative integer in two’s complement form
• show understanding of, and be able to represent, character data in its internal binary form
depending on the character set used (Candidates will not be expected to memorise any particular
character codes but must be familiar with ASCII and Unicode.)
• express a denary number in Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) and vice versa
• describe practical applications where BCD is used

1.1.2 Images
• show understanding of how data for a bitmapped image is encoded
• use the terminology associated with bitmaps: pixel, file header, image resolution, screen
resolution
• perform calculations estimating the file size for bitmapped images of different resolutions
• show understanding of how data for a vector graphic is represented and encoded
• use the terminology associated with vector graphics: drawing object, property and drawing list
• show understanding of how typical features found in bitmapped and vector graphics software are
used in practice
• justify where bitmapped graphics and/or vector graphics are appropriate for a given task

1.1.3 Sound
• show understanding of how sound is represented and encoded
• use the associated terminology: sampling, sampling rate, sampling resolution
• show understanding of how file sizes depend on sampling rate and sampling resolution
• show understanding of how typical features found in sound editing software are used in practice

1.1.4 Video
• Show understanding of the characteristics of video streams:
– the frame rate (frames/second)
– interlaced and progressive encoding
– video interframe compression algorithms and spatial and temporal redundancy
– multimedia container formats

1.1.5 Compression techniques

• show understanding of how digital data can be compressed, using either ‘lossless’ (including run-
length encoding – RLE) or ‘lossy’ techniques

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1.2 Communication and Internet technologies

Candidates should be able to:

1.2.1 Networks
• explain the client-server model of networked computers
• give examples of applications which use the client-server model
• describe what is meant by the World Wide Web (WWW) and the Internet
• explain how hardware is used to support the Internet: networks, routers, gateways, servers
• explain how communication systems are used to support the Internet: The Public Switched
Telephone Network (PSTN), dedicated lines, cell phone network
• explain the benefits and drawbacks of using copper cable, fibre-optic cabling, radio waves,
microwaves, satellites
• show understanding of bit streaming (both real-time and on-demand)
• show understanding of the importance of bit rates/broadband speed on bit streaming

1.2.2 IP addressing
• explain the format of an IP address and how an IP address is associated with a device on a
network
• explain the difference between a public IP address and a private IP address and the implication for
security
• explain how a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is used to locate a resource on the World Wide
Web (WWW) and the role of the Domain Name Service

1.2.3 Client- and server-side scripting

• describe the sequence of events executed by the client computer and web server when a web
page consisting only of HTML tags is requested and displayed by a browser
– Client-side
○ recognise and identify the purpose of some simple JavaScript code
○ describe the sequence of events executed by the client computer and web server when a
web page with embedded client-side code is requested and displayed by a browser
○ show understanding of the typical use of client-side code in the design of an application
– Server-side
○ recognise and identify the purpose of some simple PHP code
○ describe the sequence of events executed by the client computer and web server when a
web page with embedded server-side code is requested and displayed by a browser
○ show understanding that an appropriately designed web application for accessing
database data makes use of server-side scripting

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1.3 Hardware
Candidates should be able to:

1.3.1 Input, output and storage devices

• identify hardware devices used for input, output, secondary storage
• show understanding of the basic internal operation of the following specific types of device:
– keyboard – speakers
– trackerball mouse – hard disk
– optical mouse – solid state (flash) memory
– scanner – optical discs
– inkjet printer – microphone
– laser printer – touchscreen
– 3D printer
• show understanding of the need for secondary (including removable) storage

1.3.2 Main memory

• show understanding of the need for primary storage
– explain the differences between RAM and ROM memory
– explain the differences between Static RAM (SRAM) and Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

1.3.3 Logic gates and logic circuits

• use the following logic gate symbols:

NOT AND OR NAND NOR XOR

• understand and define the functions of NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR and XOR (EOR) gates
including the binary output produced from all the possible binary inputs (all gates, except the NOT
gate, will have two inputs only)
• construct the truth table for each of the logic gates above
• construct a logic circuit from either:
– a problem statement
– a logic expression
• construct a truth table from either:
– a logic circuit
– a logic expression
• show understanding that some circuits can be constructed with fewer gates to produce the same
outputs

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1.4 Processor fundamentals

Candidates should be able to:

1.4.1 CPU architecture

• show understanding of the basic Von Neumann model for a computer system and the stored
program concept
• show understanding of the roles carried out by registers, including the difference between
general purpose and special purpose registers: Program Counter, Memory Data Register,
Memory Address Register, Index Register, Current Instruction Register and Status Register
• show understanding of the roles carried out by the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), Control Unit
and system clock
• show understanding of how data are transferred between various components of the computer
system using the address bus, data bus and control bus
• show understanding of how the bus width and clock speed are factors that contribute to the
performance of the computer system
• show understanding of the need for ports, for example Universal Serial Bus (USB), to provide the
connection to peripheral devices

1.4.2 The fetch-execute cycle

• describe the stages of the fetch-execute cycle
• show understanding of ‘register transfer’ notation
• describe how interrupts are handled

1.4.3 The processor’s instruction set

• show understanding that the set of instructions are grouped into instructions for:
– data movement (register to main memory and vice versa)
– input and output of data
– arithmetic operations
– unconditional and conditional jump instructions
– compare instructions
– modes of addressing: immediate, direct, indirect, indexed, relative
(No particular instruction set will be expected but candidates should be familiar with the type of
instructions given in the table on page 20.)

1.4.4 Assembly language

• show understanding of the relationship between assembly language and machine code, including
symbolic and absolute addressing, directives and macros
• describe the different stages of the assembly process for a ‘two-pass’ assembler for a given
simple assembly language program
• trace a given simple assembly language program

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Instruction Explanation

Op Code Operand

LDM #n Immediate addressing. Load the number n to ACC

LDD <address> Direct addressing. Load the contents of the location at the given
address to ACC

LDI <address> Indirect addressing. The address to be used is at the given

address. Load the contents of this second address to ACC

LDX <address> Indexed addressing. Form the address from <address> +

the contents of the index register. Copy the contents of this
calculated address to ACC

LDR #n Immediate addressing. Load the number n to IX

STO <address> Store the contents of ACC at the given address

ADD <address> Add the contents of the given address to the ACC

INC <register> Add 1 to the contents of the register (ACC or IX)

DEC <register> Subtract 1 from the contents of the register (ACC or IX)

JMP <address> Jump to the given address

CMP <address> Compare the contents of ACC with the contents of <address>

CMP #n Compare the contents of ACC with number n

JPE <address> Following a compare instruction, jump to <address> if the

compare was True

JPN <address> Following a compare instruction, jump to <address> if the

compare was False

IN Key in a character and store its ASCII value in ACC

OUT Output to the screen the character whose ASCII value is stored
in ACC

END Return control to the operating system

All questions will assume there is only one general purpose register available (Accumulator)

# ACC denotes Accumulator

IX denotes Index Register

# denotes immediate addressing

B denotes a binary number, e.g. B01001010
& denotes a hexadecimal number, e.g. &4A

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1.5 System software

Candidates should be able to:

1.5.1 Operating system

• describe why a computer system requires an operating system
• explain the key management tasks carried out by the operating system

1.5.2 Utility programs

• show an understanding of the need for typical utility software used by a PC computer system:
– disk formatter
– virus checker
– defragmenter software
– disk contents analysis/disk repair software
– file compression
– backup software

1.5.3 Library programs

• show an understanding that software under development is often constructed using existing code
from program libraries
• describe the benefits to the developer of software constructed using library files, including
Dynamic Link Library (DLL) files
• draw on experience of the writing of programs which include library routines

1.5.4 Language translators

• show an understanding of the need for:
– assembler software for the translation of an assembly language program
– a compiler for the translation of a high-level language program
– an interpreter for execution of a high-level language program
• explain the benefits and drawbacks of using either a compiler or interpreter
• show awareness that high-level language programs may be partially compiled and partially
interpreted, such as Java

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1.6 Security, privacy and data integrity

Candidates should be able to:

1.6.1 Data security

• explain the difference between the terms security, privacy and integrity of data
• show appreciation of the need for both the security of data and the security of the computer
system
• describe security measures designed to protect computer systems, ranging from the stand-alone
PC to a network of computers, including:
– user accounts
– firewalls
– general authentication techniques, including the use of passwords and digital signatures
• describe security measures designed to protect the security of data, including:
– data backup
– a disk-mirroring strategy
– encryption
– access rights to data (authorisation)
• show awareness of what kind of errors can occur and what can be done about them

1.6.2 Data integrity

• describe error detection and correction measures designed to protect the integrity of data,
including:
– data validation
– data verification for data entry
– data verification during data transfer, including
○ parity check
○ checksum check

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1.7 Ethics and ownership

Candidates should be able to:

1.7.1 Ethics and the computing professional

• show a basic understanding of ethics
• explain how ethics may impact on the job role of the computing professional
• show understanding of the eight principles listed in the ACM/IEEE Software Engineering Code of
Ethics
• demonstrate the relevance of these principles to some typical software developer workplace
scenarios
• show understanding of the need for a professional code of conduct for a computer system
developer

1.7.2 Ownership of software and data

• show understanding of the concept of ownership and copyright
• describe the need for legislation to protect ownership, usage and copyright
• discuss measures to restrict access to data made available through the Internet and World Wide
Web
• show understanding of the implications of different types of software licensing: Free Software
Foundation, the Open Source Initiative, shareware and commercial software

1.8 Database and data modelling

Candidates should be able to:

1.8.1 Database Management Systems (DBMS)

• show understanding of the limitations of using a file-based approach for the storage and retrieval
of data
• describe the features of a relational database which address the limitations of a file-based
approach
• show understanding of the features provided by a DBMS to address the issues of:
– data management, including maintaining a data dictionary
– data modelling
– logical schema
– data integrity
– data security, including backup procedures and the use of access rights to individuals/groups
of users
• show understanding of how software tools found within a DBMS are used in practice:
– developer interface
– query processor
• show awareness that high-level languages provide accessing facilities for data stored in a
database

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1.8.2 Relational database modelling

• show understanding of, and use, the terminology associated with a relational database model:
entity, table, tuple, attribute, primary key, candidate key, foreign key, relationship, referential
integrity, secondary key and indexing
• produce a relational design from a given description of a system
• use an entity-relationship diagram to document a database design
• show understanding of the normalisation process: First (1NF), Second (2NF) and Third Normal
Form (3NF)
• explain why a given set of database tables are, or are not, in 3NF
• make the changes to a given set of tables which are not in 3NF to produce a solution in 3NF, and
justify the changes made

1.8.3 Data Definition Language (DDL) and Data Manipulation Language (DML)
• show understanding that DBMS software carries out:
– all creation/modification of the database structure using its DDL
– query and maintenance of data using its DML
• show understanding that the industry standard for both DDL and DML is Structured Query
Language (SQL)
– show understanding of a given SQL script
– write simple SQL (DDL) commands using a sub-set of commands for:
○ creating a database (CREATE DATABASE)
○ creating a table definition (CREATE TABLE)
○ changing a table definition (ALTER TABLE)
○ adding a primary key or foreign key to a table (ADD PRIMARY KEY)
– write a SQL script for querying or modifying data (DML) which are stored in (at most two)
database tables
○ Queries:
○ SELECT, FROM, WHERE, ORDER BY, GROUP BY, INNER JOIN
– Data maintenance:
○ INSERT INTO, DELETE FROM, UPDATE

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Example Candidate Responses

Cambridge International AS & A Level

Computer Science

9608

Paper 1

In order to help us develop the highest quality Curriculum Support resources, we are
undertaking a continuous programme of review; not only to measure the success of our
resources but also to highlight areas for improvement and to identify new development needs.

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Paper 1 – Theory Fundamentals

Question 1

Mark scheme

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Example candidate response – high

Examiner comment – high

In part (i) the candidate has correctly converted the given binary number to hexadecimal format. The
answer would have been more complete if the subscript 16 was added to indicate the base, i.e. B816.

In part (ii) the candidate has correctly converted the denary number into Binary Coded Decimal (BCD)
format and has neatly written the answer as two groups of four binary digits.

In part (iii) the candidate has correctly converted both the positive and negative denary numbers into
two’s complement binary format.

Marks awarded for part (i) = 1/1

Marks awarded for part (ii) = 1/1
Marks awarded for part (iii) = 2/2

Total marks awarded = 4 out of 4

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Example candidate response – middle

Examiner comment – middle

In part (i) the candidate has converted the binary number into denary, instead of hexadecimal. To be
awarded the mark this denary value needs to be converted to hexadecimal.

In part (ii) the candidate has correctly converted the denary number into Binary Coded Decimal (BCD)
format and has neatly written the answer as two groups of four binary digits.

In part (iii) the candidate has correctly converted both the positive and negative denary numbers into
two’s complement binary format.

Marks awarded for part (i) = 0/1

Marks awarded for part (ii) = 1/1
Marks awarded for part (iii) = 2/2

Total marks awarded = 3 out of 4

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Example candidate response – low

Examiner comment – low

In part (i) the candidate has correctly converted the given binary number to hexadecimal format. The
answer would have been more complete if the subscript 16 been added to indicate the base, i.e. B816.

In part (ii) the candidate has confused Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) format with pure binary and has
converted the denary number into an eight bit binary number instead of converting each individual
denary digit into a four bit binary integer.

In part (iii) the candidate has correctly identified the weightings for each of the bits in the registers
given on the examination paper and the conversion of the positive denary number has been
completed correctly. When converting the negative value the candidate has correctly calculated that
the difference between 128 and 93 is 35 and has converted that value to binary but has omitted to
include the 1 in the leftmost bit to show that −93 = −128 + 35. This was a common error in this part of
the question.

Marks awarded for part (i) = 1/1

Marks awarded for part (ii) = 0/1
Marks awarded for part (iii) = 1/2

Total marks awarded = 2 out of 4

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Question 2

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Question 2, continued

Mark scheme

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Mark scheme, continued

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Example candidate response – high

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Example candidate response – high, continued

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Examiner comment – high

It should be noted here that part (a)(i)–(iv) are all one sub-question and the rubric at the beginning of
part (a) refers to sound. Candidates who refer to, for example, images, in their answers or candidates
who give image examples in their answers will therefore not be awarded any marks.

In part (a)(i) the candidate has correctly explained that sampling is the capturing of the value of the
sound wave at regular intervals and has been awarded the mark. The definition given could be
improved if inputting had been replaced with a different word, for example, measuring, but it is clear
what the candidate means. The expansion statement is also correct, although not required as there is
just one mark for this part question.

In part (a)(ii) there needs to be an awareness that an audio CD has a fixed amount of storage space,
and so in order to accommodate a reasonable number of tracks on the CD there needs to be a
compromise between the accuracy of the digital representation of the audio so that the resulting
sound is acceptable to listeners and the size of the files created. 16-bit sampling best satisfies both of
these conditions.

In part (a)(iii) the candidate has correctly stated that sampling resolution is the number of bits
assigned to each sample and has been awarded one mark. However, the statement that a higher
sampling resolution leads to better sound quality is not precise enough to be awarded the second
mark. It is the accuracy (or precision) of the sampled sound that is improved. If the original
(analogue) audio is of poor quality it does not matter what sampling resolution is used the result will
still be a poor quality sound.

In part (a)(iv) the candidate has given two very good answers, explaining that the sampled sound will
be more similar to the original and that the higher sampling resolution will result in a greater file size
hence requiring more storage space. Both marks have been awarded.

In part (b) the candidate was awarded both marks for correctly identifying features found in software
for editing sound files.

In part (c) the candidate has given an excellent answer. The statement that lossless compression
means that the file can be decompressed to an exact copy of the original is awarded a mark; the next
statement about lossy compression is the reverse argument and so is not awarded a second mark.
The candidate has then explained about the difference in compression ratios which is awarded the
second mark and has named two compression techniques, any one of which would be awarded the
third mark.

Marks awarded for part (a) = (i) 1/1, (ii) 0/1, (iii) 1/2, (iv) 2/2
Marks awarded for part (b) = 2/2
Marks awarded for part (c) = 3/3

Total marks awarded = 9 out of 11

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Example candidate response – middle

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Example candidate response – middle, continued

Examiner comment – middle

The responses to parts (a)(i) and (a)(ii) are not precise enough to be awarded any marks. In part
(a)(i) the candidate needs to define what is meant by a sample, and in (a)(ii) there needs to be an
explanation of why 16-bit sampling is enough to store songs.

In part (a)(iii) the candidate has correctly explained what sampling resolution is and is awarded one
mark. There is also an expansion statement that refers to the precision of the sound, which is good
enough to be awarded the second mark.

The responses to part (a)(iv) are just good enough to be awarded both marks. The candidate has
qualified the first statement by saying that the quality is precise, which has been accepted as
equivalent to accurate and a lot of file size, though worded poorly, is enough to show that there is
understanding that the file size is increased.

In part (b) the response is not precise enough to gain any marks. The second feature is just the
opposite of the first and so is not worthy of a second mark. Sound editing software might very well
include a feature to convert analogue sound to digital, but this answer is not in any context and needs
expansion. It is too generalised a statement to be awarded a mark.

In part (c) the response is awarded all three marks. The candidate has also stated that lossless
compression allows decompression to the original, which is awarded one mark. There is a correct
example of a compressed file type, which has been awarded the second mark and a method of
compression has been identified for the third mark.

Marks awarded for part (a) = (i) 0/1, (ii) 0/1, (iii) 2/2, (iv) 2/2
Marks awarded for part (b) = 0/2
Marks awarded for part (c) = 3/3

Total marks awarded = 7 out of 11

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Example candidate response – low

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Example candidate response – low, continued

Examiner comment – low

The responses to parts (a)(i) and (a)(ii) are not precise enough to be awarded any marks. In part
(a)(i) the definition refers to a section of the sound and the diagram is actually incorrect as it also
suggests that it is a whole section of the sound wave that is being examined rather than a single point
on the curve. In (a)(ii) there needs to be an explanation of why 16-bit sampling is used, the
candidate’s response is far too general to be awarded a mark at this level.

In part (a)(iii) the candidate should have first explained what was meant by sampling resolution and
then explained the effect of changing the resolution. This explanation alone is not precise enough to
be awarded a mark. Similarly, in part (a)(iv) ‘better quality’ is too imprecise for the mark, it needs
reference to accuracy of representation, whilst the answer given for the drawback is just good enough
to be awarded a mark.

In part (b) the candidate has described two correct features of sound editing software and is awarded
both marks.

In part (c) the candidate has stated that lossless compression allows decompression to the original,
which is awarded one mark. The second statement referring to lost data reducing the file size is also
awarded a mark, but there needs to be an additional correct statement for the award of a third mark.

Marks awarded for part (a) = (i) 0/1, (ii) 0/1, (iii) 0/2, (iv) 1/2
Marks awarded for part (b) = 2/2
Marks awarded for part (c) = 2/3

Total marks awarded = 5 out of 11

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Question 3

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Mark scheme

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Example candidate response – high

Examiner comment – high

The candidate has correctly connected each mode of addressing with the corresponding description.
There are no incorrect connections, so four marks are awarded.

Total marks awarded = 4 out of 4

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Example candidate response – middle

Examiner comment – middle

This candidate has confused direct addressing and immediate addressing and has thus made two
incorrect connections, so is awarded two of the four marks.

Total marks awarded = 2 out of 4

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Example candidate response – low

Examiner comment – low

This candidate has correctly identified the descriptions of indexed and relative addressing; however,
the descriptions of direct addressing, immediate addressing and indirect addressing have been
confused and there are thus three incorrect connections, so the candidate is awarded one mark.

Total marks awarded = 1 out of 4

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Question 4

Mark scheme

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Example candidate response – high

Examiner comment – high

In part (a) the candidate has correctly identified three different sensors that could be used in the given
situations.
In part (b) a method of ensuring data integrity has been named, a parity check, and so a mark is
awarded for the identification of the method. The candidate has stated that there will need to be
agreement on the type of parity used, so a second mark is awarded. The description of odd or even
parity, however, is not detailed enough to be awarded any marks because the additional statement is
incorrect and checking digit is not sufficiently precise for a description of the parity bit. There is also
insufficient precision in the description of the receiving device checking the parity as the candidate
does not explain whether the ones and zeros are being checked horizontally in a byte or vertically in a
column. A third mark is awarded for the error being produced if parity of received data is different.
Marks awarded for part (a) = (i) 1/1, (ii) 1/1, (iii) 1/1
Marks awarded for part (b) = 3/4
Total marks awarded = 6 out of 7
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Example candidate response – middle

Examiner comment – middle

In part (a) the candidate has correctly identified three different sensors that could be used in the given
situations.

In part (b) a method of ensuring data integrity has been identified, the use of a parity byte, and so a
mark is awarded. The second statement is too generalised to be awarded any marks as there is no
further description of the method.

Marks awarded for part (a) = (i) 1/1, (ii) 1/1, (iii) 1/1
Marks awarded for part (b) = 1/4

Total marks awarded = 4 out of 7

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Example candidate response – low

Examiner comment – low

In part (a) suitable sensors have correctly been identified for the first two situations, however laser
sensor is not an acceptable name for a sensor to detect an intruder and so no mark is awarded for the
third part question.

In part (b) the question asks for a method of ensuring data integrity during transmission. Encryption
will prevent the data being understood if it is accessed by unauthorised individuals whilst being
transmitted, but it is not a method of ensuring data integrity. The encrypted data could still be
corrupted during transmission.

Marks awarded for part (a) = (i) 1/1, (ii) 1/1, (iii) 0/1
Marks awarded for part (b) = 0/4

Total marks awarded = 2 out of 7

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Question 5

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Mark scheme

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Example candidate response – high

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Example candidate response – high, continued

Examiner comment – high

In part (a) the candidate has correctly matched four of the descriptions to the communication method
and is therefore awarded four marks. An internet-based system does not maintain a dedicated
channel between the two points for the duration of a call, but a conventional telephone using PSTN
does.

In part (b) the first statement that the internet is a network of interconnected networks available
around the world is awarded one mark as there is a definite statement of the scale of the network
connection. The statement that the WWW is a collection of interconnected hypertext documents is
also awarded one mark. Neither the internet nor the WWW has been further expanded sufficiently to
award the third mark. Allowing people to communicate using computers is not detailed enough;
communication via computers can be done without the internet and the statement that the WWW is a
small part of the internet is implying that the WWW is hardware, which is incorrect.

In part (c) the candidate has correctly identified each of the hardware devices described and is
therefore awarded all three marks.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 4/5

Marks awarded for part (b) = 2/3
Marks awarded for part (c) = (i) 1/1, (ii) 1/1, (iii) 1/1

Total marks awarded = 9 out of 11

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Example candidate response – middle

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Example candidate response – middle, continued

Examiner comment – middle

In part (a) the candidate has correctly matched all five descriptions to the communication method and
is awarded all five marks.

In part (b) the statement that the internet is a worldwide network is awarded a mark as there is a clear
statement of the scale of the network. The statements about the WWW, however, are not a
description of hypertext documents or multi-media resources. The candidate needs to understand
that the WWW is the collection of documents, one of which will be the webpage requested through
the ISP. The final statement also refers to the WWW in terms of hardware which is incorrect; if the
candidate had made it clear that the internet was used for webpage hosting it would have been a
better answer.

In part (c) the candidate has identified just one of the hardware devices being described and so is
awarded just one mark.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 5/5

Marks awarded for part (b) = 1/3
Marks awarded for part (c) = (i) 1/1, (ii) 0/1, (iii) 0/1

Total marks awarded = 7 out of 11

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Example candidate response – low

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Example candidate response – low, continued

Examiner comment – low

In part (a) the candidate has correctly matched three of the descriptions to the communication method
and is therefore awarded three marks. A conventional telephone using PSTN is connected the whole
time whether the callers are speaking or not, whereas an internet-based system uses the connection
only when transmitting sound. A conventional telephone using PSTN remains active during a power
outage, an internet-based system does not.

In part (b) the first statement that the WWW is a collection of webpages is enough to be awarded one
mark. The statement that the internet is a group of interconnected networks is not a precise enough
description as the candidate needs to illustrate the scale of the network. There are three marks
available for this part question and the candidate needs to understand that three correct, clear and
different statements are needed if three marks are to be awarded.

In part (c) the candidate has not correctly identified any of the hardware devices being described and
so is not awarded any marks.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 3/5

Marks awarded for part (b) = 1/3
Marks awarded for part (c) = (i) 0/1, (ii) 0/1, (iii) 0/1

Total marks awarded = 4 out of 11

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Question 6

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Mark scheme

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Example candidate response – high

Examiner comment – high

In part (a) the candidate has correctly identified a different device for all five uses and has
distinguished correctly between different types of printer. This answer is awarded five marks.

In part (b)(i) the candidate has correctly identified and described disk-mirroring as a method of
preventing accidental loss of data, and is awarded one mark for the second answer. The candidate
should be aware that just describing disk backup is not sufficiently detailed to be awarded a mark.
There needs to be an understanding that the backups need to be performed regularly and the backup
media stored safely, preferably off-site.

In part (b)(ii) the candidate has given a good description of encryption as a method of preventing
malicious damage to the data and is awarded a mark.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 5/5

Marks awarded for part (b) = (i) 1/2, (ii) 1/1

Total marks awarded = 7 out of 8

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Example candidate response – middle

Examiner comment – middle

In part (a) the candidate has identified five different devices and has differentiated between the
different types of printer. However, there has been confusion between the use of the inkjet and laser
printer so there are three correct answers.

In part (b) (i) the candidate has correctly identified and described disk-mirroring as a method of
preventing accidental loss of data, and is awarded one mark for the first answer. The candidate
should be aware that the statement have backup hard drives is not precise enough to be awarded a
mark. There needs to be an understanding that the backup hard drives need to be used to create
frequent backups of the data and the media stored safely. It is no use having a backup hard drive if
the data stored on it is out of date and the disk drive is stored in the same place as the original data.

In part (b)(ii) the candidate needs to understand that using passwords is not precise enough for a
description of a method of preventing malicious damage to data. A more complete answer would
describe either using a password on a file such as a document to protect the data stored in the file, or
using a password in combination with a username to identify users when logging on.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 3/5

Marks awarded for part (b) = (i) 1/2, (ii) 0/1

Total marks awarded = 4 out of 8

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Example candidate response – low

Examiner comment – low

In part (a) the candidate has correctly identified two different devices, the keyboard and scanner. The
candidate has also differentiated between the different types of printer. However, there has been
confusion between the use of the inkjet and laser printer and it is very unlikely that an airport
information kiosk would have a mouse for input so there are just two correct answers.

In part (b)(i) the response is not set in the context of data transmission. This candidate needs to
understand the difference between accidental loss of data stored in a computer system and loss of
data integrity during transmission.

The answer to part (b)(ii) is just about sufficient for the award of a mark for a description of a method
of preventing malicious damage to data.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 2/5

Marks awarded for part (b) = (i) 0/2, (ii) 1/1

Total marks awarded = 3 out of 8

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Question 7

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Question 7, continued

Mark scheme

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Mark scheme, continued

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Mark scheme, continued

Example candidate response – high

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Example candidate response – high, continued

Examiner comment – high

The Boolean expression for the given system is:
(P AND T) OR (NOT P AND NOT R) OR (T AND NOT R)

In part (a) this candidate is awarded one mark for the AND gate with inputs P and T. The candidate
has realised that the middle bracket, (NOT P AND NOT R), can be replaced by a single NOR gate
with inputs P and R and so is awarded one mark for the NOR gate. The final expression, (T AND NOT
R) has been incorrectly interpreted using the NAND gate and AND gate together and so no mark is
awarded for this. The outputs from the top two gates are correctly input into an OR gate, so a third
mark is awarded for this, and so that the candidate is not penalised twice for a single mistake the
output from the candidate’s (incorrect) third expression is input to another OR gate with the output of
the first OR gate so a fourth mark is given here.

In part (b) the candidate has correctly interpreted the information given in the question as can be seen
by the values written below the text in the question. The truth table can be completed from the
information in the question, without reference to the logic circuit. This candidate has used the
information given and has correctly completed each line of the truth table, so all four marks are
awarded. It was a common mistake for candidates to use their logic circuit to complete the truth table,
and if the circuit was incorrect it meant that the truth table was often also incorrect.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 4/5

Marks awarded for part (b) = 4/4

Total marks awarded = 8 out of 9

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Example candidate response – middle

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Example candidate response – middle, continued

Examiner comment – middle

In the text above part (a) of the question, the candidate has correctly identified the values of P and T
in each case, but has incorrectly identified the value of R.

In part (a) the candidate is awarded one mark for the AND gate with inputs P and T, and one mark for
the OR gate with the output of the other gates as input. The second AND gate has been incorrectly
identified because of the incorrect identification of the value for R and there is no representation for
the third condition. To gain more marks all three conditions need firstly to be correctly represented
and then the outputs need to be fed into two OR gates, or one three-input OR gate.

In part (b) it is clear from the headings in the workspace that the candidate has used the same
expressions for the truth table and the logic circuit. This means that although the values tabulated are
correct for the candidate’s expressions only the last two pairs of lines in the truth table are correct for
the situation given in the question.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 2/5

Marks awarded for part (b) = 2/4

Total marks awarded = 4 out of 9

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Example candidate response – low

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Example candidate response – low, continued

Examiner comment – low

In part (a) this candidate is awarded no marks, because even though there is an AND gate with inputs
P and T the two inputs are combined into a single line before the gate. The OR gate has incorrect
inputs and again the three inputs have been combined into a single line before the gate. The NOR
gate has just a single input from R. The only gate which should have a single input is a NOT gate, it
is a frequent error that candidates combine several inputs into a single line before other gates.

In part (b) the candidate has correctly interpreted most of the information given in the question, and
has not relied on the logic circuit, but has also included an output of 1 at X when the temperature
o
>=200 C and the rotation <= 1000 revs per minute (rpm). The second pair of lines is thus incorrect,
however the first, third and fourth pairs of lines are correct and are each awarded one mark.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 0/5

Marks awarded for part (b) = 3/4

Total marks awarded = 3 out of 9

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Question 8

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Mark scheme

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Example candidate response – high

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Examiner comment – high

In part (a) the candidate has made a correct statement about what is determined by the width of the
data bus, the number of bits simultaneously carried, and so is awarded one mark. There is also a
correct expansion of the initial statement that increasing the width of the data bus means that more
data can be carried at one time, so a second mark is awarded and the candidate has achieved the
maximum number of marks allowed for explaining the effect of changing the width of the data bus.

The candidate has also made a correct statement regarding the clock speed, it determines the
number of cycles per second, and is awarded a third mark. The candidate has achieved the
maximum marks for this part question. Had there been four marks for this part question, the
expansion point for clock speed would not have been awarded a mark however, as it is not precise
enough as the candidate needs to realise that the number of instructions processed per second would
increase.

This is an excellent answer to this part question

In part (b) the question asks about USB ports, so candidates needed to realise that it is the benefits of
USB ports that are required not of USB devices. Giving the benefits of USB devices was a common
mistake. This candidate needs to be aware that these statements are not precise or detailed enough
to be accepted as equivalent to those on the mark scheme.

In part (c), in common with the vast majority of candidates, this candidate has correctly identified the
sequence of stages of the von Neumann fetch-execute cycle.

Marks awarded in part (a) = 3/3

Marks awarded in part (b) = 0/2
Marks awarded in part (c) = 6/6

Total marks awarded = 9 out of 11

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Example candidate response – middle

No image of the answer for part (c) has been included as it is identical to that of the A grade
response.
Examiner comment – middle
In part (a) the candidate has made a correct statement about what is determined by the width of the
data bus, the number of bits carried at one time, and so is awarded one mark. The expansion
statement however needs to be more precise, just ‘sending more data faster’ is not equivalent to
increasing the amount of data that can be moved at one time. The explanation of clock speed also
needs to be more precise. Increasing the clock speed does not only affect the operation of the data
bus.

In part (b) the candidate’s first statement is referring to USB devices, not the benefit of a USB port.
This candidate has explained that the USB is a portable device but a common mistake amongst
candidates is to refer to a USB device as simply a USB, this is too imprecise to be awarded any
marks. The second statement correctly identifies that USB ports can also be used to draw power and
charge devices and so is awarded a mark.

In part (c) the candidate has correctly identified the sequence of stages of the von Neumann fetch-
execute cycle.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 1/3

Marks awarded for part (b) = 1/2
Marks awarded for part (c) = 6/6

Total marks awarded = 8 out of 11

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Example candidate response – low

No image of the answer for part (c) has been included as it is identical to that of the A grade
response.
Examiner comment – low
In part (a) the candidate’s response needs to be more precise for credit at this level. There is a need
to identify what is determined by the width of the data bus and the effect of increasing the width.

The candidate has correctly identified that increasing the clock speed increases the number of
instructions per second that can be executed, and is awarded a mark. The expansion statement
however, needs to be more precise, ‘more things’ is too general.

In part (b) the first statement is not precise enough to be equivalent to industry standard, and the
second statement is also not precise enough to be equivalent to almost impossible to connect
incorrectly.

In part (c) the candidate has correctly identified the sequence of stages of the von Neumann fetch-
execute cycle.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 1/3

Marks awarded for part (b) = 0/2
Marks awarded for part (c) = 6/6

Total marks awarded = 7 out of 11

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Question 9

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Question 9, continued

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Question 9, continued

Mark scheme

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Mark scheme, continued

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Example candidate response – high

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Examiner comment – high

In part (a) many candidates were able to describe why the table was not in First Normal Form in terms
of the data given, although very few used the correct terminology.
This candidate has fortunately crossed out the word ‘for’ and has thus correctly identified the
repeating data and has been awarded the mark
In part (b) the vast majority of candidates correctly completed the two tables and were awarded all
three marks. A very few candidates left blanks in the FirstName column of the SalesProducts
table and so were awarded only the one mark for the SalesPerson table.
In part (c)(i) the candidate has correctly identified the attribute forming the link between the tables,
(FirstName) and is awarded one mark. This attribute has also correctly been identified as the
primary key in the SalesPerson table and the foreign key in the SalesProducts table and so is
awarded a second mark.
The candidate has correctly described a non-key dependency in part (c)(ii) and is awarded one mark.
The candidate has then also identified that non-key dependence and is awarded the second mark.
The response would have been improved if the non-key dependence had been identified as
Manufacturer dependent on ProductName, rather than the product.
In part (c)(iii) the two table definitions have been written according to convention and each table has
the correct attributes so the first mark is awarded. The primary keys of each table have also been
correctly identified so the second mark is awarded. This answer would have been more complete if
the SalesPerson table had also been included in the answer showing the complete database in
3NF.
Marks awarded for part (a) = 1/1 Marks awarded for part (b) = 3/3
Marks awarded for part (c) = (i) 2/2, (ii) 2/2, (iii) 2/2
Total marks awarded = 10 out of 10
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Example candidate response – middle

No image of the answer for part (b) has been included as it is identical to that of the A grade response.

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Examiner comment – middle

In part (a) this candidate has not correctly identified the repeating data, and has not described in sufficient
detail what is meant by a repeated group of attributes, so no mark is awarded.

In part (b) the candidate has correctly completed both tables and is awarded all three marks.

In part (c)(i) the candidate has correctly identified the attribute forming the link between the tables,
(FirstName) and is awarded one mark. This attribute has also correctly been identified as the primary key
in the SalesPerson table and the foreign key in the SalesProducts table and so is awarded a second
mark.

The response to part (c)(ii) is confused. The answer would be improved by changing dependent to not
dependent, however there would still need to be some identification of the attributes in order for both marks
to be given.

In part (c)(iii) all three table definitions have been written according to convention showing the complete
database in 3NF. The candidate has correctly identified the attributes in the SalesProducts and Product
tables and is awarded one mark. The primary keys of both tables have also been correctly identified, so the
second mark is also awarded. This is an excellent answer to this part of the question.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 0/1

Marks awarded for part (b) = 3/3
Marks awarded for part (c) = (i) 2/2, (ii) 0/2, (iii) 2/2

Total marks awarded = 7 out of 10

464
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AS Computer Science Paper 1 Helping Material
Paper 1

Example candidate response – pass

465
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[email protected] Science 9608
Adnan Saleem (0322-4125423)
AS Computer Science Paper 1 Helping Material
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Examiner comment – pass

In part (a) the candidate has stated that there is no repeated group of attributes. The terminology has been
used correctly, but the answer is the opposite of the correct one so no mark was awarded.

In part (b) the candidate has correctly completed the SalesPerson table and so is awarded the mark. For
the SalesProducts table however, the candidate has copied the table given in the stem of the question
into the first three rows of the answer space and has not implemented the revised design given in the rubric
for this part of the question. No marks were awarded for this table as neither the FirstName column nor the
remainder of the table was correct.

In part (c)(i) the candidate has correctly stated that the primary key in one table has been used as a foreign
key in the other to form a link between the tables, so is awarded one mark. There is a need though, to
identify at least one of the keys in order to gain the second mark.

The candidate has correctly identified that there is a non-key dependency in part (c)(ii) and is awarded one
mark. The identification of the non-key dependency needs to be correct if the second mark is to be awarded.
In this case that is not so.

In part (c)(iii) the table definitions have been written according to convention and each table has the correct
attributes so the first mark is awarded. A primary key has been identified for each table, but that shown for
the ManufacturerDetails table is incorrect so the second mark has not been awarded.

Marks awarded for part (a) = 0/1

Marks awarded for part (b) = 1/3
Marks awarded for part (c) = (i) 1/2 (ii) 1/2 (iii) 1/2

Total marks awarded = 4 out of 10

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