Scribd
Upload
17 views

HTML Lectures 3

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used to format and style HTML documents. CSS can be added to HTML documents in three ways: inline using the style attribute, internally using the <style> element, or externally using the <link> element. Common CSS properties include color for text color, font-family for font, and font-size for text size. CSS is also used to add borders, padding, and margins to elements.

Uploaded by

Ssip Consultation
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
17 views

HTML Lectures 3

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used to format and style HTML documents. CSS can be added to HTML documents in three ways: inline using the style attribute, internally using the <style> element, or externally using the <link> element. Common CSS properties include color for text color, font-family for font, and font-size for text size. CSS is also used to add borders, padding, and margins to elements.

Uploaded by

Ssip Consultation
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

HTML with CSS

What is CSS?
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is used to format the layout of a webpage.

With CSS, you can control the color, font, the size of text, the spacing between
elements, how elements are positioned and laid out, what background images
or background colors are to be used, different displays for different devices and
screen sizes, and much more!

CSS can be added to HTML documents in 3 ways:

 Inline - by using the style attribute inside HTML elements


 Internal - by using a <style> element in the <head> section
 External - by using a <link> element to link to an external CSS file

The most common way to add CSS, is to keep the styles in external CSS files.
However, in this tutorial we will use inline and internal styles, because this is
easier to demonstrate, and easier for you to try it yourself.

Inline CSS
An inline CSS is used to apply a unique style to a single HTML element.

An inline CSS uses the style attribute of an HTML element.

The following example sets the text color of the <h1> element to blue, and the
text color of the <p> element to red:

Example
<h1 style="color:blue;">A Blue Heading</h1>

<p style="color:red;">A red paragraph.</p>


Internal CSS
An internal CSS is used to define a style for a single HTML page.

An internal CSS is defined in the <head> section of an HTML page, within


a <style> element.

The following example sets the text color of ALL the <h1> elements (on that
page) to blue, and the text color of ALL the <p> elements to red. In addition, the
page will be displayed with a "powderblue" background color: 

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
body {background-color: powderblue;}
h1   {color: blue;}
p    {color: red;}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

External CSS
An external style sheet is used to define the style for many HTML pages.

To use an external style sheet, add a link to it in the <head> section of each HTML


page:
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>

<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

The external style sheet can be written in any text editor. The file must not
contain any HTML code, and must be saved with a .css extension.

Here is what the "styles.css" file looks like:

"styles.css":
body {
  background-color: powderblue;
}
h1 {
  color: blue;
}
p {
  color: red;
}

CSS Colors, Fonts and Sizes


Here, we will demonstrate some commonly used CSS properties. You will learn
more about them later.

The CSS color property defines the text color to be used.

The CSS font-family property defines the font to be used.


The CSS font-size property defines the text size to be used.

Example
Use of CSS color, font-family and font-size properties:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
h1 {
  color: blue;
  font-family: verdana;
  font-size: 300%;
}
p {
  color: red;
  font-family: courier;
  font-size: 160%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

CSS Border
The CSS border property defines a border around an HTML element.

Tip: You can define a border for nearly all HTML elements.

Example
Use of CSS border property: 
p {
  border: 2px solid powderblue;
}

CSS Padding
The CSS padding property defines a padding (space) between the text and the
border.

Example
Use of CSS border and padding properties:

p {
  border: 2px solid powderblue;
  padding: 30px;
}

CSS Margin
The CSS margin property defines a margin (space) outside the border.

Example
Use of CSS border and margin properties:

p {
  border: 2px solid powderblue;
  margin: 50px;
}

Link to External CSS


External style sheets can be referenced with a full URL or with a path relative to
the current web page.

Example
This example uses a full URL to link to a style sheet:

<link rel="stylesheet" href="facebook.com">

Example
This example links to a style sheet located in the html folder on the current web
site: 

<link rel="stylesheet" href="/html/styles.css">

Example
This example links to a style sheet located in the same folder as the current
page:

<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">

Define an HTML Table


The <table> tag defines an HTML table.

Each table row is defined with a <tr> tag. Each table header is defined with
a <th> tag. Each table data/cell is defined with a <td> tag.

By default, the text in <th> elements are bold and centered.

By default, the text in <td> elements are regular and left-aligned.

Example
A simple HTML table:

<table style="width:100%">
  <tr>
    <th>Firstname</th>
    <th>Lastname</th>
    <th>Age</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Jill</td>
    <td>Smith</td>
    <td>50</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Eve</td>
    <td>Jackson</td>
    <td>94</td>
  </tr>
</table>

HTML Table - Add a Border


To add a border to a table, use the CSS border property:

Example
table, th, td {
  border: 1px solid black;
}

HTML Table - Collapsed Borders


To let the borders collapse into one border, add the CSS border-
collapse property:

Example
table, th, td {
  border: 1px solid black;
  border-collapse: collapse;
}
Summary
 Use the HTML style attribute for inline styling
 Use the HTML <style> element to define internal CSS
 Use the HTML <link> element to refer to an external CSS file
 Use the HTML <head> element to store <style> and <link> elements
 Use the CSS color property for text colors
 Use the CSS font-family property for text fonts
 Use the CSS font-size property for text sizes
 Use the CSS border property for borders
 Use the CSS padding property for space inside the border
 Use the CSS margin property for space outside the border

You might also like