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Tutorial 01

This document contains an overview of Tutorial 01 for the Probability and Statistics course at the National University of Singapore. It includes sample exam questions testing concepts like unions, intersections, and probabilities of events. It also provides analytical questions involving permutations, combinations, and path counting on a grid that require calculating the number of possible outcomes for various events. Sample answers are given for some of the analytical questions involving digits, exam questions, and Little Red Riding Hood's journey.

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Pawandeep Singh
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35 views2 pages

Tutorial 01

This document contains an overview of Tutorial 01 for the Probability and Statistics course at the National University of Singapore. It includes sample exam questions testing concepts like unions, intersections, and probabilities of events. It also provides analytical questions involving permutations, combinations, and path counting on a grid that require calculating the number of possible outcomes for various events. Sample answers are given for some of the analytical questions involving digits, exam questions, and Little Red Riding Hood's journey.

Uploaded by

Pawandeep Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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N ATIONAL U NIVERSITY OF S INGAPORE

D EPARTMENT OF S TATISTICS AND DATA S CIENCE


ST2334 P ROBABILITY AND S TATISTICS
S EMESTER I, AY 2023/2024

Tutorial 01

Please work on the questions before attending the tutorial.

Exam Format Questions

1. Multiple choice question: choose the unique correct answer.


Let A and B be two events of sample space S. Which of the following is INCORRECT:

(a) If A ∪ B = A, then we must have B ⊂ A.


(b) If A ∩ B = A, then we must have A ⊂ B.
(c) If A ∪ B ⊂ A, then we must have B ∪ A ⊂ B.
(d) All are correct.

2. Multiple choice question: choose the unique correct answer.


((A ∪ B) ∩C)′ =?

(a) (A′ ∩C′ ) ∩ (B′ ∩C′ )


(b) (A′ ∩C′ ) ∪ (B′ ∩C′ )
(c) (A′ ∪C′ ) ∩ (B′ ∪C′ )
(d) (A′ ∪C′ ) ∪ (B′ ∪C′ )

3. Fill in the blank.


There are 5 vowels and 21 consonants among 26 alphabets. If a sample of 3 alphabets are selected
without replacement, how many samples have at least 1 vowels?
Answer:

4. Fill in the blank.


How many ways can 4 men and 3 women sit in a row if no two women are allowed to sit together?
Answer:

5. Fill in the blank.


A contractor wishes to build 9 houses, each of different in design in 9 plots of land. In how many
ways can be placed these houses on a street if 6 lots are on South side of the street and 3 lots are
on the North side? (Note: The 9 lots are fixed.)
Answer:

Analytical Questions

1. The NUS library has five copies of a certain text on reserve. Two copies (1 and 2) are first editions,
and the other three (3, 4 and 5) are second editions. A student examines these books in random
order, stopping only when a second edition has been selected. One possible outcome is 5, and
another is 213.

1
(i) List the outcomes in the sample space S.
(ii) Let A denote the event that exactly one book must be examined. List the outcomes in A.
(iii) Let B be the event that book 5 is the one selected. List the outcomes in B.
(iv) Let C be the event that book 1 is not examined. List the outcomes in C.
(v) List the outcomes in A∩B, A∪B, and A∩B∩C respectively. Are A and B mutually exclusive?

2. Consider the digits 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 9. If each digit can be used only once,

(i) how many three-digit numbers can be formed?


(ii) how many of these numbers in (i) are odd numbers?
(iii) how many of these odd numbers in (ii) are greater than or equal to 620?

3. An exam paper consists of seven questions. Candidates are asked to answer five questions. Find
the number of ways to select five questions (in each of the following cases) if

(i) there are no restrictions;


(ii) the first two questions must be answered;
(iii) at least one of the first two questions must be answered; and
(iv) exactly two from the first three questions must be answered.

4. Little Red Riding Hood lives at point A : (0, 0), and wants to visit her grandmother at point B :
(13, 8). At each step, she can only go East (Right) or North (Up) along the grid as shown below.
The Big Bad Wolf lives at Y : (10, 6).

Y (10, 6)
B(13, 8)

North

East

X(2, 2) A(0, 0)

(i) How many ways can Little Red Riding Hood go to visit her grandmother regardless of
whether she will pass by the Big Bad Wolf?
(ii) How many ways can she go to visit her grandmother avoiding the Big Bad Wolf?
(iii) Little Red Riding Hood wants to buy a gift for her grandmother at X : (2, 2). How many
ways can she go to visit her grandmother stopping by X but avoiding Y ?

Answers for Some of the Analytical Questions

2. (i) 100; (ii) 16; (iii) 7. 4. (i) 203490; (ii) 123410; (iii) 44556.

3. (i) 21; (ii) 10; (iii) 20; (iv) 12.

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