EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The executive summary titled "A Comparative Study of Customers' Perception of Electric
Vehicles and Non-Electric Vehicles of Three Wheeler at Hitech Motors & Automobiles Pvt
Ltd Belagavi" provides a comprehensive overview of the project report. The project was
conducted from April 17 to May 27, 2023, and this report presents the research findings,
recommendations, and conclusions based on the conducted analysis.

The report begins with an introduction that outlines the project's background and emphasizes
its significance. It underscores the importance of finding effective solutions to address the
identified issues.

In the methodology section, the research approach, data collection methods, and analysis
techniques employed throughout the project are thoroughly explained. It provides a detailed
account of the procedures applied to gather and analyze the data.

The results section presents the key findings derived from the research, highlighting
noteworthy trends, patterns, and valuable insights that emerged from the analysis.

Based on these findings, the report offers well-supported recommendations aimed at

addressing the identified issues and fostering positive change. These recommendations are
intended to guide stakeholders in implementing appropriate measures and strategies.

Overall, this executive summary provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of the
project report, offering valuable insights and recommendations that can inform decision-
making and drive meaningful progress in the domain of customers' perceptions of electric
vehicles and non-electric vehicles.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

This project is regarding a study of customer perception towards Electric and Non-Electric
Vehicles The transportation industry is undergoing a significant shift towards sustainable
alternatives, and electric vehicles (EVs) have emerged as a leading solution to reduce carbon
emissions and promote eco-friendly transportation. Three-wheeled vehicles have gained
popularity as a cost-effective alternative for personal and commercial use, especially in
developing countries. This study aims to compare customers' perception of electric three-
wheeled vehicles and non-electric three-wheeled vehicle
The increased interest in eco-friendly transportation options is causing a significant
transformation in the global automotive industry. With their numerous environmental and
financial advantages, electric vehicles (EVs) have become a viable replacement for
conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. The move towards EVs is not just
happening in the passenger car market; it is also happening in the three-wheeler market.
Three-wheelers are becoming an increasingly important form of transportation in Belagavi, a
city in the Indian state of Karnataka. With a focus on both urban and rural areas, these
vehicles play a significant role in last-mile connectivity. A well-known dealership in
Belagavi, Hi-tech Motors & Automobiles Pvt Ltd, offers both electric and non-electric three-
wheelers, making it a perfect location to research customers' opinions of these cars.
Hitech Motors & Automobiles Pvt Ltd must comprehend customer attitudes, preferences, and
concerns regarding electric and non-electric three-wheelers to make wise business decisions
and successfully meet changing consumer demands. Additionally, learning more about how
customers view products will help researchers understand more about the factors affecting the
region's adoption of electric three-wheelers.
By examining and comparing customers' opinions of electric and non-electric three-wheelers
at Hitech Motors & Automobiles Pvt Ltd in Belagavi, this comparative study seeks to fill a
gap in previous research. The study looks at several variables, including environmental
awareness, cost considerations, performance expectations, and the availability of charging
infrastructure to offer useful insights for the dealership and the larger automotive industry.
Electric three-wheeled vehicles, also known as e-rickshaws, paxx, and cargo have gained
popularity in recent years due to their low operational cost, low carbon footprint, and high
efficiency. These vehicles run on battery-powered electric motors and emit no harmful
emissions, making them environmentally friendly. In contrast, non-electric three-wheeled
vehicles run on gasoline or diesel, emitting harmful pollutants that pose a risk to the
environment and human health. By comparing these two types of vehicles, we can determine
which one is preferred by customers and what factors influence their choice. This study aims
to investigate and compare customers' perceptions of electric 3- wheelers and non-electric 3-
wheelers. The study will explore various factors such as the level of awareness about electric
3-wheelers, the perceived benefits and drawbacks of both electric and non-electric options,
and the willingness to purchase an electric 3- wheeler
1.2 INDUSTRY PROFILE

Indian Electric three-wheeler market is drastically growing and expected to soon take to
greater heights and provide lots of opportunity for further years as a rise in the country in the
segment of both in passenger and cargo vehicles. The penetration of electric vehicles rising
with an increase in the adoption of last-mile connectivity delivery services. The Market is
driven by the government's strict pollution rules and regulations rising public awareness of
emissions from different types of vehicles and the adoption of EV vehicles.
The market of Electric Three Wheelers in India is expanding due to industry’s Due to the
industry increased focus on environmentally friendly focus in response to tightening emission
standards the market of electric three-wheeler in India is growing. In addition, a lot of fresh
startups and joint ventures in the area are launching and demanding products of customer
demand.
Companies in the nation are releasing new cars and industry participants anticipate many new
launches in the coming years
As India manufactures all of these vehicles domestically e–rickshaws are dominating the
passenger market. The country's adoption of these vehicles is growing due to affordability
their drivers’ ability to increase profitability when compared to ICE vehicles and the rising
cost of fuel all of this is causing the demand for electric vehicles to increase in the nation
The need for last-mile and short-distance travel solutions is another factor boosting the
market growth customers' daily schedules are predictable for those who commute to and
perform to and for work every day using public transportation like electric three-wheelers,
since the safety, comfort, and cost, service, main issues that electric vehicles must address
they are the best alternative to these problems
The national government is limiting the use of outdated ICE vehicles by introducing new
emission standards promoting the use of new electric vehicles by giving new buyers and
manufacturers subsidies. To encourage the use of new electric vehicles, numerous state
governments across the nation are also offering benefits and other state subsidiaries for
building infrastructure and charging stations additionally, the state government across the
nation are luring investments from various business to businesses to build a charging
infrastructure electric three-wheelers government subsidies are promoting the use of electric
vehicles in the nation in the upcoming years.
1.3 COMPANY PROFILE

Name of the organization Hitech Motors and Automobiles PVT LTD

PIAGGIO
Registered showroom Halaga,NH4 Highway, Belgaum-Hubballi
Road, Old PB Rd, Belagavi, Karnataka
590020
Type of vehicle Three wheeler Passenger and cargo

Year of Establishment 2020

Owner of the company Rajendra Desai

Company logo

Punch line Tomorrow is electric

Tomorrow is beautiful

Chart 1.1
1.4 PROMOTER, VISION, MISSION AND QUALITY POLICY

Promoter:
Rajendra Desai

Managing Director - Hitech Motors And Automobiles Pvt Ltd. Dealers for TVS 2W
Ashok Leyland LCV & Piaggio 3W ,Mahindra First Choice and Bosch Car Service

Vision: Our dynamic vision coupled with our understanding of the Indian Market has
resulted in our ever-growing business graph, successfully integrating the best global
technology, design, research, infrastructure, and intelligent manpower equipped with
marketing and financial skills
Mission: Our mission is to strive to deliver the best in class offerings to our customers, who
are not the best in technology but also suited for the best earnings
Quality Policy: Piaggio employs a comprehensive quality management system to monitor
product quality throughout production and before delivery to customers. Standard procedures
are implemented in all Piaggio Group plants to ensure continuous quality monitoring and
adherence to regulatory standards and customer expectations. Every vehicle manufactured at
Piaggio undergoes multiple quality controls during assembly and at the end of the production
line. Skilled personnel conduct periodic off-line checks to assess both the aesthetic and
functional performance of the vehicles.

A daily sample of finished products is selected for rigorous road testing, following a
standardized checklist. Any detected anomalies are classified based on severity and potential
impact on the customer. The final quality status is compared to the desired objective, and if
necessary, an improvement plan is developed to implement corrective measures.

In case of serious anomalies, immediate diagnosis is conducted, leading to the evaluation of

all vehicles from the affected batch and a sample from the previous batch. Remedial actions
are then taken, including thorough rechecks and necessary repairs before approval for
shipment.
1.3 Products /Services

Ape E-city
Fig 1.2

Range -110
Battery capacity – 4.5kwh,48 v
Charging time – 3hr 45mins Power – 7.3hp
Vehicle category – L5M – Auto Capacity –D +3
Ape E-city Fx max
Fig 1.3
Range -145kms/fix
Battery capacity – 8 kWh, 51.2 v
Charging time – 3hr 45mins
48v/3000w off-board charger Power – hp
Vehicle category – L5M – Auto Capacity –D +3
 Ape E-City Fx
Fig 1.4

Range -110 km/fix

Battery capacity –8kwh 51.2V
Charging time – 3hr 45mins Power – 7.3hp
Vehicle category – L5M – Auto Capacity –D +3
 Ape City + CNG
Fig 1.5

Max speed – 60km/h

Type – forced Air cooled engine Displacement – 230 cc
Power – 6.84 kW
Fuel tank capacity 40ltr Maximum Speed 60 Km/h
Fuel Tank Capacity CNG: 40Ltr Capacity, Petrol: 2.8 Ltr.
 Fig 1.6

BSVI Apé City+ LPG

Max speed – 60km/h
Type – forced Air cooled engine Displacement – 230 cc
Power – 7.38 kW
Fuel tank capacity – 20.6ltr,petrol -2.8ltr
 Fig 1.7

Ape Auto HT CNG Max speed – 60km/h

Type – forced Air cooled engine Displacement – 230 cc
Power – 7.15 kW
Fuel tank capacity – CNG 40ltr capacity petrol -2.8ltr
 Fig 1.8
Apé NXT+ LPG

Type- 4-stroke Air Cooled Engine Displacement 230cc

Max Power 7.17 @ 4600 rpm

Fuel Tank CapacityCNG: 30 Ltr. Water Capacity, Petrol: 2.8 Ltr. Maximum Speed 60 Km/h
 Fig 1.9

Apé NXT+ CNG

Engine Type 4-stroke Air Cooled Engine Displacement 230cc

Max Power 7.17 @ 4600 rpm
Fuel Tank Capacity CNG: 30 Ltr.
Capacity, Petrol: 2.8 Ltr
Maximum Speed 60 Km/h
1.6 Competitors Information

 Mahindra Electric

Fig 1.10
Mahindra stands as the foremost manufacturer of electric three-wheelers in India, showcasing
our commitment to sustainable Mobility as Mahindra Electric, reflecting our dedication to the
cutting-edge electric vehicle within the nation By joining hands with Reva Electric, Mahindra
Introduced ground-breaking models such as the Mahindra Alpha Mini,treo xor.

 Euler

Fig 1.11
Euler Motors shines as a prominent Manufacturer .asthe world steadily embraces the electric
revolution, Euler Motors remains the foremost Delivering edge electric 3-wheeler across the
nation
 • Atul auto

Fig 1.12
When it comes to electric vehicle manufacturers in India, Atul Auto Ltd stands proudly
among the leaders with an extensive line-up of three-wheelers in the passenger and Auto
vehicle segment, solidified as its position top five brands in India.
• Kinetic Green

Fig 1.13
Kinetic Green stands as a prominent Indian automotive manufacturer with a rich heritage.
Last Mile Mobility Segment, It is an electric vehicle designed and developed locally for
Indian driving and operating conditions it is suitable for short-distance travel within cities
 • Star Electrika

Fig1.14

The star electric E-rickshaw is a domestic player in the Indian market that offers several
segment-best features, superior built quality, equipped with lead acid battery company comes
with attractive options where we can rely on it
1.7 SWOT Analysis

Fig 1.15
Strength:
 Eco friendly
 Cost efficiency
 Maneuverability
 Noise reduction
 Government Incentives
 Simpler Mechanism

Weakness:
 Limited Range
 Charging infrastructure
 Initial cost
 Battery life span
 Needs time for charging

Opportunity:
 Market growth
 Urban delivery solutions
 Market Expansion
 Customization and innovation
 Increasing fossil fuel cost
Threat:
 Competition edge
 Regulatory challenges
 Consumer Acceptance
 The price of oil could decline, making non-electric vehicles more affordable.
 The infrastructure for charging electric vehicles could not keep pace with demand

.
Future Growth and Prospects
Piaggio, a newcomer in the three-wheeler electric vehicle market, is striving to establish its
brand and understand its customer base. Factors like government initiatives, environmental
concerns, cost efficiency, technological advancements, and infrastructure will impact future
growth.

Despite challenges, the outlook for three-wheeler electric vehicles is promising. Anticipated
sales growth, technological advancements, and supportive government policies will drive
electric vehicle adoption.

To seize these opportunities, Piaggio must raise awareness about environmental benefits and
cost advantages. Improving charging infrastructure, expanding the product range, providing
financial assistance, and targeted campaigns are key strategies. By addressing customer
perceptions and overcoming barriers, Piaggio can foster wider adoption, contributing to a
greener, more sustainable future.
SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER
This chapter provides us with essential information regarding the company's profile, industry
profile, company vision, mission, and quality policy. It also covers details about the
company's products, and its competitors, and includes a SWOT analysis to identify strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Furthermore, it delves into the future growth
prospects and various aspects of the company.
CHAPTER 2:CONCEPTUAL BACKGROUND AND LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Conceptual Background

A comparative study of customers' perception of electric vehicles and non-electric vehicles of

three-wheelers where suggests that comparative study and customer perception
Comparative study means A comparative study refers to a research approach that aims to
analyze and compare two or more entities, phenomena, variables, or groups to identify
similarities, differences, patterns, or relationships between them. It involves examining
multiple cases or samples to gain insights into the similarities and differences in their
characteristics, behaviors, outcomes, or effects.
Customer perception can be defined as the subjective understanding and interpretation that
customers have regarding a product, brand, or company. It encompasses their personal
experiences, beliefs, and opinions, shaping their overall impression and attitude toward the
business. Factors such as product quality, customer service, brand reputation, pricing,
advertising, and word-of-mouth contribute to shaping customer perception. Ultimately,
customer perception significantly influences their purchasing decisions and level of loyalty
towards a particular brand or company.
2.2 Literature Review
Sharma et al. (2019)
This research endeavour entailed an extensive survey conducted among 100 vehicle users in
the vibrant city of Delhi, India, to comprehend their perceptual framework surrounding
electric vehicles. The compelling results emanating from the study revealed that the
respondents possessed a commendable awareness regarding the manifold environmental
advantages associated with electric vehicles. Nevertheless, they concurrently expressed
apprehensions regarding the initial financial outlay required for acquisition as well as
reservations concerning the perceived restricted range of these vehicles. Notwithstanding
these concerns, the respondents evinced a genuine openness to contemplating the purchase of
an electric vehicle provided that the pricing structure aligned harmoniously with their
expectations and that the accessibility of charging infrastructure achieved a more pervasive
footprint...
Patel et al. (2021)
By surveying 120 vehicle users in Vadodara City, India, this study aimed to gain insights into
their perceptions of electric vehicles. The findings revealed that while a significant majority
of respondents were familiar with electric vehicles, only a small fraction had taken the plunge
and made a purchase. The primary deterrents for non-purchase included the initial high cost,
the inadequate charging infrastructure, and concerns about the limited driving range of these
vehicles. On the other hand, respondents who expressed interest in acquiring an electric
vehicle were motivated by the appealing environmental advantages, the promisingly low
operational expenses, and the tranquil and noiseless nature of these vehicles.

Manoj Kumar Saini, Ashish Kumar, and Ankit Sharma (2021)

Conducting an extensive analysis, this study delves into the factors that exert influence on
individuals' purchase intention when it comes to electric three-wheelers in India. The findings
underscore the pivotal determinants that shape purchase decisions, including the upfront cost,
range, availability of charging infrastructure, and government incentives. By understanding
and addressing these key factors, stakeholders can foster a favorable environment that
encourages the adoption of electric three-wheelers, paving the way for a more sustainable and
eco-friendly transportation landscape in India.

Singh, S. K. Mishra, and S. K. Chaurasia (2015)

This study compares the perception of electric vehicles and conventional vehicles among
300 potential buyers in India. The study finds that consumers are more likely to prefer
electric vehicles if they are aware of the environmental benefits of electric vehicles if they are
concerned about the cost of fuel, and if they have access to charging stations. The study also
finds that consumers are more likely to purchase an electric vehicle if the price of electric
vehicles becomes more competitive.

Omkar Tupe, Prof. Shweta Kishore, Dr. Arloph Johnvieira(2020)

There is a need for an additional energy source to power the car due to the current depletion
of fossil resources and their rising cost. Electric vehicles are being looked at by the
automotive industry as a potential answer for India's economy and ecology. But given the
existing level of market penetration of EVs is quite low, even though governments have EV
policies in place. Through this essay, the potential market for electric vehicles in India will be
examined, and the attitudes of consumers toward them will be examined.
Anuraag Choudhary and Nidhi Sharma (2020)
The study conducted an in-depth analysis of the factors that influence individuals' purchase
intention regarding electric three-wheelers in India. The findings highlight the significant
factors that shape purchase decisions, namely the upfront cost, range, charging infrastructure
availability, and government incentives...

A.K. Shukla and S.K. Shukla (2018)

This study looked into the variables affecting Indian consumers' opinions of electric three-
wheelers. In the Indian city of Lucknow, the researchers surveyed 300 consumers.
Environmental concerns, operating costs, and performance were found to have the biggest
effects on how consumers perceived electric three-wheelers. The lack of infrastructure for
charging was another finding of the study that consumers were concerned about.
S.K. Srivastava and S.K. Jain (2019)
This study investigated how Indian consumers perceived electric and non-electric vehicles.
500 consumers in the cities of Bangalore, Mumbai, and Delhi were surveyed by the
researchers. According to the survey, customers were more inclined than non-consumers to
believe that electric vehicles were more ecologically friendly and had lower running
expenses. In contrast to non-electric vehicles, customers were also more inclined to believe
that electric vehicles were less convenient and had a shorter range
Gupta et al. (2020)
This offers a comprehensive analysis of the electric vehicle landscape in India. It delves into
the existing government policies and incentives aimed at driving the adoption of electric
vehicles while highlighting the persistent challenges that require attention. Moreover, the
review sheds light on the evolving customer perception surrounding electric vehicles in India,
indicating a rising awareness of their advantages. However, concerns regarding the upfront
cost and range limitations of these vehicles persist and warrant further consideration.

Anupama K Malagi and Ramya S(2020)

The comprehensive study thoroughly analyzed and examined the profound impact of
government policies on the adoption of electric three-wheelers in India. The findings
unequivocally demonstrated that the implementation of strategic policies, including generous
subsidies and tax breaks, plays a significant and influential role in driving the widespread
acceptance and adoption of electric three-wheelers across the nation. These supportive
policies not only incentivize potential buyers but also contribute to the overall sustainability
goals and the transition toward a greener and cleaner transportation ecosystem in India

Tanmay Shrivastava and Manoj Kumar Saini (2021)

The meticulous study delved into the consumer perception of electric vehicles in India,
shedding light on their perspectives and attitudes towards this transformative mode of
transportation. The insightful findings unequivocally indicate that consumers, on the whole,
hold a favorable view of electric vehicles. However, it is crucial to note that their enthusiasm
is tempered by valid concerns regarding the high upfront cost, limited range, and inadequate
charging infrastructure. These factors represent crucial considerations that need to be
effectively addressed and resolved to accelerate the widespread adoption and acceptance of
electric vehicles among Indian consumers.
Abhinav Goyal and Abhishek Bansal (2020)
Examining the barriers to the widespread adoption of electric vehicles in India, this study
sheds light on the crucial factors impeding their uptake. The findings underscore the
significance of key obstacles, including the high upfront cost, limited range, inadequate
charging infrastructure, and the absence of government incentives. By identifying and
addressing these barriers, we can pave the way for a more seamless and accelerated transition
to electric vehicles, fostering sustainable and environmentally friendly mobility solutions for
India's transportation ecosystem.
Akhil Jain and Arvind Jain(2022)
Through an extensive review of the existing literature on the utilization of electric vehicles in
India, this study sheds light on the current landscape. The findings highlight a growing
inclination towards electric cars in the Indian context, indicating an increasing interest among
the populace. However, it is important to acknowledge that certain challenges and issues
remain to be addressed to facilitate a smoother transition towards widespread adoption of
electric vehicles in the country. By identifying and resolving these issues, the path toward a
sustainable and electric future can be paved more effectively.
Shubham Jain and Saurabh Jain(2021)
Through a meticulous investigation, this study explored the perceptions of Indian consumers
regarding electric automobiles. The findings brought to light a notable level of awareness and
knowledge among the participants concerning electric vehicles. However, it is crucial to
acknowledge that certain reservations emerged, particularly concerning the price and range of
these vehicles. These findings highlight the importance of addressing these concerns to foster
greater acceptance and uptake of electric automobiles among Indian consumers.

P. Singh, A. K. Jain, and S. K. Dash. (2021)

This study looked at the factors that affect household, city, and individual adoption of
electric vehicles in India. The findings indicated that cost, range, and governmental policy
were the most crucial variables. The difficulties and possibilities for electric vehicles in India
were covered in this study. The findings indicated that several issues need to be resolved as
well as several chances for the development of electric vehicles in India.
P. Anoopkumar and K. R. Jayaraj(2021)
Conducting a comprehensive investigation, this study delved into the perceptions of
consumers in the Indian state of Kerala regarding electric automobiles. The noteworthy
findings underscore a commendable level of awareness among the participants about electric
vehicles. However, it is worth noting that certain reservations surfaced, primarily centered
around concerns about the price and range of these vehicles. These findings shed light on the
need for concerted efforts to address these apprehensions and further enhance the adoption
and acceptance of electric automobiles in Kerala.
P. Shekhar and A. K. Agrawal.(2020)
This study looked at the state-level factors affecting the use of electric vehicles in India. The
findings indicated that cost, range, and government policy were the most crucial variables.

Anshumali Shukla and Sandeep Kumar(2020)

The comprehensive study thoroughly analyzed and examined the profound impact of
government policies on the adoption of electric three-wheelers in India. The findings
unequivocally demonstrated that the implementation of strategic policies, including generous
subsidies and tax breaks, plays a significant and influential role in driving the widespread
acceptance and adoption of electric three-wheelers across the nation. These supportive
policies not only incentivize potential buyers but also contribute to the overall sustainability
goals and the transition towards a greener and cleaner transportation ecosystem in India.

Janardan Prasad Kesari, Yash Sharma, and Chahat Goel(2020)

By delving into the factors that influence the adoption of electric three-wheelers in India, this
study offers valuable insights. The findings reveal the pivotal elements that shape the
decision-making process, including the upfront cost, range, accessibility of charging
infrastructure, and government incentives. Understanding and addressing these influential
factors can pave the way for a wider acceptance and integration of electric three-wheelers in
India's transportation landscape, fostering sustainable and efficient mobility solutions.
Mohammed Musthafa (2018)
Examining the customer perception towards electric and non-electric three-wheelers in India,
this study sheds light on important insights. The findings indicate that customers generally
exhibit a more positive attitude towards electric three-wheelers. However, it is noteworthy
that concerns regarding the high upfront cost and limited range of these vehicles persist
among customers. Understanding these perceptions can help inform strategies to address the
perceived barriers and further promote the adoption of electric three-wheelers in India's
market.

Mane and Sonawane(2021)

Surveying 100 vehicle users in Pune city, India, this study aimed to compare the perception
of electric vehicles and non-electric vehicles (specifically three-wheelers). The findings
revealed that respondents exhibited a higher awareness of electric vehicles compared to non-
electric vehicles. Notably, electric vehicles were perceived as more environmentally friendly
and less polluting. However, concerns regarding the high upfront cost of electric vehicles and
the limited availability of charging infrastructure were also identified among the respondents.
These insights emphasize the importance of addressing these concerns to further promote the
adoption of electric vehicles in Pune and similar contexts.

Sonali Goel a, Renu Sharma a, Akshay Kumar Rathore(2021)

This paper offers a comprehensive overview of studies examining the penetration rate of
Electric Vehicles (EVs), Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
(PHEVs), and Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) in the market. It delves into the various
modeling approaches and optimization techniques employed in these studies, shedding light
on the distinct methodologies used to analyze and understand the adoption of these vehicle
types.
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH DESIGN
Statement of the Problem

“A comparative study of customer’s perception of electric vehicles and non-electric vehicles

of three wheelers”
Need for the study
SOURCE OF DATA COLLECTION:-
Primary Data: Primary data is gathered directly from first-hand sources, Data is gathered
through a structured Questionnaire
 Questionnaire

Secondary Data: Secondary data is retrieved from already existing sources.

Sources include:
Internet searches
Company website and documents provided by External Guide
Sampling Method: Convenience Sampling
Type of research: Descriptive Research
Tools and Techniques
Microsoft Excel
3.1 Objectives:
· To assess customers' awareness and knowledge of electric vehicles and their perceptions
towards them compared to non-electric vehicles or 3 wheelers
· . To understand customer perception towards EV And Non-EV of 3 wheelers.

3.2 Scope of the Study

The study will also provide insights for policymakers and manufacturers to develop strategies
to promote electric 3-wheelers.
The study could involve collecting data on various parameters such as price, performance,
price, fear, safety, environmental impact, etc
3.5 Limitations
Ø The sample respondents have taken for the study were limited
Ø Limited Time frame: The study may be limited to a specific time frame, and customer
perceptions might have changed over time as technology improves and the market matures (6
weeks).
Scheme of the chapter
The Third chapter is all about the statement of the problem, the scope of the study, research
methodology, data collection, limitations
Chapter 4: Analysis and Interpretation

4.1 Data Analysis & Interpretation

Q1) Age group

No of
Age
Respondents Percentage

18-25 2 2%

25-35 18 21%

35-45 28 33%

45-60 31 36%

60 and above 8 9%

Analysis: There are 86 respondents in 18-25 Age is 2%,25-35 Age 21%,35-45 are33% 45-60
are 36% and 60 and above are 9%
Q2) What Type of fuel is currently used
TYPE OF FUEL?

CNG 42 56%

Petrol 28 33%

LPG 16 19%

Type of Fuel used

45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
CNG Petrol LPG

Analysis and Interpretation: There are 86 respondents most are CNG 56%, Petrol 33% and
LPG 19%
Among the 86 respondents, CNG was the preferred fuel choice for the majority (56%). Petrol
ranked second, chosen by 33% of respondents. LPG, with 19% of respondents, was the least
popular option. This data reveals the prevailing fuel preferences within the surveyed
population.
Q3) Estimated Daily Travel distance (km)
TYPE OF FUEL?

CNG 42 56%

Petrol 28 33%

LPG 16 19%

DAILY KM
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
10-20km 20-40km 40-60km 60-80km 80-100km 100 an
above

Analysis: There are 86 Respondents in which daily km distance traveled is 10-20 km 3,20-
40km 12, 40-60km 31 60-80 19, 80-100km 13, and 100 and above is 9

Based on this information, it can be inferred that the majority of respondents travel distances
within the 40-60 km range, followed by the 60-80 km range. There is a smaller distribution of
respondents across the other categories, indicating variations in daily travel distances within
the surveyed population.

This data provides insights into the daily travel patterns and distances covered by the
respondents and can be useful for understanding transportation needs and preferences within
this group.
Q4) Test Drive
YES 64

NO 23

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
YES NO

Analysis and Interpretation: above says there are 86 respondents of which 64 are ready to
take a test drive and 23 are not ready to take a test drive
Out of the 86 respondents, 64 were ready for a test drive, while 23 were not. This data reveals
the willingness of participants to engage in test drives. The majority, 64 individuals, showed
interest in experiencing a vehicle's performance and features before making a purchase.
Understanding customer readiness for test drives helps companies tailor marketing strategies
and enhance the overall customer experience, increasing the likelihood of converting
potential customers into buyers.
Q5) PRICE
PRICE

Affordable SC NA

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

79 7 4 29 3 49

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
Affordable SC NA
PRICE

Analysis and Interpretation: Above Graph says that the Affordable of Non-EV is 79 and
EVs 7
Somewhat affordable Non EV is 4 EV is 29
Non affordable Non EV is 3 and EV is 49
The graph reveals a notable discrepancy in affordability between electric and non-electric
vehicles. Although non-electric vehicles generally boast higher affordability scores, electric
vehicles tend to command higher prices, leading to a smaller proportion of affordable
vehicles and a larger share falling into the non-affordable category. This data offers valuable
insights into the pricing dynamics and challenges regarding affordability in both the electric
and non-electric vehicle markets.
Q6) AWARENESS/FAMILIAR
FAMILIAR

AWARE NEUTRAL NOTAWARE

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

78 28 4 30 3 27

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
AWARE NEUTRAL NOTAWARE
FAMILIAR

Analysis & Interpretation: Awareness Above Graph says that Aware of Non-EV is 78 and
EV 28
Somewhat Neutral Non EV is 4 EV is 30
Not Aware Non-EV is 3 and EV is 27
The analysis reveals varying levels of awareness among the respondents regarding non-
electric vehicles (Non-EV) and electric vehicles (EV). A significant number of respondents
(78) showed awareness of non-electric vehicles, while the awareness level for electric
vehicles was comparatively lower, with only 28 respondents indicating awareness.
Additionally, a small number of respondents expressed a somewhat neutral stance or lack of
awareness for both vehicle types. These findings underscore the need to improve awareness
and education about electric vehicles and to tailor marketing strategies to address the
knowledge gap among potential customers.
Q7) KNOWLEDGE
KNOWLEDGE

HAVE SOMEWHAT DO NOT

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

83 8 1 39 3 37

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
HAVE SOMEWHAT DO NOT
KNOWLEDGE

Analysis and Interpretation: there are a total of 86 respondents comparative study of

Knowledge above Graph says that Have of Non-EV is 83 and EV 8
Somewhat Non-EV is 1 EV is 39
Not Aware Non-EV is 3 and EV is 27
The analysis indicates that among the 86 respondents, 83 have knowledge about non-electric
vehicles, while 8 have knowledge about electric vehicles. Only 1 respondent is somewhat
knowledgeable about non-electric vehicles, while 39 are somewhat knowledgeable about
electric vehicles. Additionally, 3 respondents are not aware of non-electric vehicles, and 27
are not aware of electric vehicles. These findings highlight a higher level of knowledge about
non-electric vehicles compared to electric vehicles among the surveyed individuals.
Q8) ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLINESS
ENVIORMENT FRIENDLINESS

GOOD ACCEPTABLE POOR

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

15 35 5 40 15 18

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
STRONGLY AGREE SOMEWHAT NOT AGREE
ENVIORMENT FRIENDLINESS

Analysis and Interpretation: Above Graph says that the Good of Non-EV is 15 and EV 35
Acceptable Non-EV is 5 EV is 40
Poor Non EV is 15 and EV is 18
The graph analysis shows the perception of environmental friendliness among the
respondents regarding non-electric vehicles (Non-EV) and electric vehicles (EV). 15
respondents perceive non-electric vehicles as good, while 35 perceive EVs as good. In terms
of acceptability, 5 respondents find non-electric vehicles acceptable, while 40 find EVs
acceptable. Additionally, 15 respondents perceive non-electric vehicles as poor, while 18
perceive EVs as poor. This data highlights the importance of addressing environmental
concerns and promoting the positive environmental attributes of electric vehicles, while also
emphasizing the need for continued efforts to enhance the environmental friendliness of both
vehicle types.
Q9) PERFORMANCE
PERFOMANCE

GOOD ACCEPTABLE POOR

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

76 9 9 44 1 32

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
GOOD ACCEPTABLE POOR
PERFOMANCE

Analysis and Interpretation: Above Graph of performance factor comparative study says
that the Good of Non-EV is 76 and EV 9
Acceptable Non-EV is 9 EV is 44
Poor Non EV is 1 and EV is 32
Overall, the data suggests that a significant portion of the surveyed population perceives non-
electric vehicles as good in terms of performance factors, while a smaller proportion holds
the same perception for electric vehicles. However, a notable number of respondents still
consider electric vehicles as acceptable in terms of performance, despite a higher proportion
perceiving them as poor.
This information highlights the need for continued improvements in the performance aspects
of electric vehicles to address the concerns and perceptions of potential customers. It also
underscores the importance of educating consumers about the advancements and capabilities
of electric vehicles to dispel misconceptions and promote their performance benefits.
Q10) SERVICE
SERVICE

GOOD ACCEPTABLE POOR

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

78 7 4 40 1 38

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
GOOD ACCEPTABLE POOR
SERVICE

Analysis & Interpretation: Above Graph of service factor comparative study Graph says
that the Good of Non-EV is 78 and EV 7
Acceptable Non-EV is 4 EV is 40
Poor Non EV is 1 and EV is 38
Overall, the data suggests that the majority of the surveyed population perceives non-electric
vehicles as good in terms of the service factor, while a smaller proportion holds the same
perception for electric vehicles. However, a significant number of respondents still consider
electric vehicles as offering an acceptable level of service, despite a higher proportion
perceiving them as poor.
This information highlights the importance of focusing on service quality for both non-
electric and electric vehicles. It suggests that efforts should be made to improve the service
experience for electric vehicles, addressing concerns and perceptions that contribute to the
perception of poor service. Enhancing the service factor can lead to higher customer
satisfaction and loyalty in the electric vehicle market.
Q11) NOISE LEVEL
NOISE LEVEL

HIGH TOLERABLE LOW

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

60 3 57 3 1 52

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
HIGH TOLERABLE LOW
NOISE LEVEL

Analysis and Interpretation: Above Graph noise level factor of the comparative study says
that High Non-EV is 60 and EV is 3
Tolerable Non-EV is 57 EV is 3
Low Non-EV is 1 and EV is 52
Overall, the data suggests that a large portion of the surveyed population perceives non-
electric vehicles as having high noise levels, while a smaller proportion holds the same
perception for electric vehicles. Additionally, a significant number of respondents consider
the noise levels of both vehicle types to be tolerable, but there is a higher proportion
perceiving electric vehicles as having low noise levels compared to non-electric vehicles.
This information highlights the potential advantage of electric vehicles in terms of noise
reduction, as they are generally perceived to have lower noise levels. Addressing noise
concerns in non-electric vehicles can be important for enhancing the overall driving
experience and customer satisfaction.
Q12) EASE OF MAINTENANCE
Analysis and Interpretation: Above Graph of the ease of maintenance factor of 86
respondents says that Agree of Non-EV is 74 and EV 35
Somewhat Non-EV is 11 EV is 34
Not Agree Non-EV is 1 and EV is 26
EASE OF MAINTENANCE

AGREE SOMEWHAT NOT AGREE

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

74 35 11 34 1 26

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
AGREE SOMEWHAT NOT AGREE
EASE OF MAINTENANCE

Overall, the data suggests that a majority of the surveyed population perceives non-electric
vehicles as easy to maintain, while a smaller proportion holds the same perception for electric
vehicles. However, there is still a significant number of respondents who somewhat agree
with the ease of maintenance for both vehicle types, indicating a moderate level of
agreement.

This information highlights the importance of emphasizing and addressing maintenance

concerns for electric vehicles, as a considerable portion of the surveyed population may
perceive them to be more challenging to maintain compared to non-electric vehicles.
Enhancing the ease of maintenance and providing accessible support and service networks for
electric vehicles can help improve consumer perceptions and confidence in adopting this
technology.
Q13) WEIGHT
WEIGHT

AGREE SOMEWHAT NOT AGREE

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

74 9 10 27 2 49

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
AGREE SOMEWHAT NOT AGREE
WEIGHT

Analysis and Interpretation: Above Graph weight factor of 86 respondents says that Agree
of Non-EV is 74 and EV is 9
Somewhat Non-EV is 10 EV is 27
Not Agree Non-EV is 2 and EV is 49
Overall, the data suggests that a majority of the surveyed population perceives non-electric
vehicles as having an agreeable weight, while a smaller proportion holds the same perception
for electric vehicles. However, there is still a significant number of respondents who
somewhat agree with the weight of both vehicle types, indicating a moderate level of
agreement.
This information highlights the importance of addressing weight concerns for electric
vehicles and exploring ways to optimize their weight and overall efficiency. It also
underscores the need to educate consumers about the unique characteristics and benefits of
electric vehicles, which may differ from those of non-electric vehicles.

Q14) COST-EFFECTIVENESS
COST EFFECTIVENESS

AGREE SOMEWHAT NOT AGREE

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

63 27 20 32 3 25

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
AGREE SOMEWHAT NOT AGREE
COST EFFECTIVENESS

Analysis and Interpretation: Above Graph of the comparative study cost-effectiveness

factor says that Agree of Non-EV is 63 and EV 27
Somewhat Non-EV is 20 EV is 32
Not Agree Non-EV is 3 and EV is 25
Overall, the data suggests that a majority of the surveyed population perceives non-electric
vehicles as cost-effective, while a smaller proportion holds the same perception for electric
vehicles. However, there is still a significant number of respondents who somewhat agree
with the cost-effectiveness of both vehicle types, indicating a moderate level of agreement.
This information highlights the importance of addressing cost-related considerations and
promoting the financial benefits of electric vehicles. It also underscores the need to continue
improving the cost-effectiveness of electric vehicles to address the perceptions and concerns
of potential customers. Providing clear information and cost analysis can help consumers
make informed decisions and overcome any perceived barriers to adopting electric vehicles.
Q15) SAFETY
SAFETY

AGREE NEUTRAL NOT AGREE

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

75 16 10 32 0 36

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
AGREE NEUTRAL NOT AGREE
SAFETY

Analysis and Interpretation: Above Graph of safety factors says that Agree of Non-EV is
75 and EV 16
Somewhat Non-EV is 10 EV is 32
Not Agree Non-EV is 0 and EV is 36
Overall, the data suggests that a majority of the surveyed population perceives non-electric
vehicles as safe, while a smaller proportion holds the same perception for electric vehicles.
However, there is still a significant number of respondents who somewhat agree with the
safety of both vehicle types, indicating a moderate level of agreement.

This information highlights the importance of addressing safety concerns and providing clear
information regarding the safety features and performance of electric vehicles. It underscores
the need to continue improving the safety aspects of electric vehicles to address the
perceptions and concerns of potential customers. Promoting safety measures and technologies
can help increase consumer confidence and adoption of electric vehicles.
Q16) SPEED
SPEED

Matters Somewhat Not Matters

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

49 19 21 28 16 38

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
Matters Somewhat Not Matters
speed

Analysis and Interpretation: Above Graph of speed factor says that matters of Non-EV is
49 and EV 19
Somewhat Non-EV is 21 EV is 28
Not matters Non-EV is 16 and EV is 38
Overall, the data suggests that a majority of the surveyed population considers speed as an
important factor for non-electric vehicles, while a smaller proportion holds the same
perception for electric vehicles. However, there is still a significant number of respondents
who recognize that speed somewhat matters for both vehicle types, indicating a moderate
level of consideration.
This information highlights the varying importance of speed as a factor when evaluating
different types of vehicles. It suggests that consumers may have different priorities and
preferences when it comes to speed, and these considerations may differ between non-electric
and electric vehicles. Understanding these preferences can help tailor marketing efforts and
product offerings to meet the specific needs and expectations of potential customers.
Q17) CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE

CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE

AGREE NEUTRAL NOT AGREE

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

34 3 5 9 44 71

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
AGREE NEUTRAL NOT AGREE
CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE

Analysis and Interpretation: Above Graph says a comparative study of charging

infrastructure that Agree with Non-EV is 34 and EV 3
Somewhat Non EV is 5 EV is 9
Not Agree Non-EV is 44 and EV is 71
Overall, the data suggests that a majority of the surveyed population perceives the charging
infrastructure for non-electric vehicles as adequate, while a smaller proportion holds the same
perception for electric vehicles. However, there is still a significant number of respondents
who somewhat agree with the adequacy of the charging infrastructure for both vehicle types,
indicating a moderate level of agreement.
This information highlights the importance of addressing the concerns and challenges
associated with the charging infrastructure for electric vehicles. It underscores the need for
expanding and improving the charging infrastructure to meet the growing demand and
alleviate the perceived limitations. Promoting the availability and accessibility of charging
stations can help increase consumer confidence and adoption of electric vehicles while
addressing the concerns of potential customers regarding charging infrastructure.
Q18) FEAR

FEAR

AGREE NEUTRAL NOT AGREE

Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV

10 53 5 27 81 6

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Non EV EV Non EV EV Non EV EV
AGREE NEUTRAL NOT AGREE
FEAR

Analysis and Interpretation: Above Graph says a comparative study of the Fear factor that
Agree of Non-EV is 10 and EV 53
Somewhat Non-EV is 5 EV is 2
Not Agree Non EV is 81 and EV is 6
Overall, the data suggest that a small proportion of the surveyed population perceives non-
electric vehicles as evoking fear, while a larger proportion holds the same perception for
electric vehicles. However, there is still a significant number of respondents who somewhat
agree with the perception of fear for both vehicle types, indicating a moderate level of
agreement.
This information highlights the need to address and understand the factors contributing to the
perception of fear associated with electric vehicles. Educating consumers about the safety
features and benefits of electric vehicles can help dispel misconceptions and alleviate fear-
related concerns. It's important to emphasize accurate information and promote awareness of
the advancements and safety measures in place to build trust and confidence in the adoption
of electric vehicles.
CHAPTER 5: FINDING, SUGGESTION, CONCLUSION
Findings:
As per Question No-5 Price: Customers perceive electric three-wheelers to be initially more
expensive than their non-electric counterparts. However, the perception of cost-effectiveness
over the long term is higher for electric vehicles due to lower fuel and maintenance costs.

As per Questions No-6 & 7 Awareness and Knowledge: Customers generally have a higher
level of awareness and knowledge about non-electric three-wheelers compared to electric
vehicles. This is primarily due to the longer presence and familiarity of non-electric models
in the market.

As per Questions No-15 & 18 Fear and Safety: Customers perceive electric three-wheelers to
be safer than non-electric vehicles due to their lower emission levels, reduced noise pollution,
and potentially better stability. However, concerns about battery safety and fire hazards may
affect customer perception to some extent they do not have any fear regarding EV

As Per Question No-11 Noise: Electric three-wheelers are generally perceived to be quieter
and produce less noise pollution compared to non-electric vehicles. This can be seen as a
positive aspect, especially in urban areas where noise pollution is a concern.

As per Question No – 14 Non-Electric three-wheelers are generally that cost-effective

because they using for the Past Few years compared to Electric Vehicles In the Future feel
that Changes can happen as a country is moving towards EVs.

As per Question No – 13 Customers feel that Carrying the weight of EV vehicles is not much
as that Non-Electric vehicles as per the perception
As per the Question, No-4 64 wants to try with Test Drive
As per Question No – 2 As per Sample Size CNG Users are most than LPG and then Petrol
As per Question No – 1 as per 35-45% 45-60% of respondents are most
Suggestions:

Awareness Campaigns: It is recommended to set initiatives to raise awareness in place, and

educate customers about the environmental benefits and cost savings associated with electric
three-wheelers. Emphasize the long-term advantages of lower fuel and maintenance costs, as
well as the availability of government incentives or subsidies that enhance the financial
viability of electric vehicles.
As per Question No 17 Charging Infrastructure: Enhancing the charging infrastructure for
electric three-wheelers is crucial. This can be achieved by increasing the no of charging
stations, particularly in urban areas and transportation hubs. By providing easily accessible
charging points and promoting the utilization of renewable energy sources for charging,
customer accessibility and convenience can be significantly improved.
Product Range and Availability: To cater to diverse customer needs and preferences, it is
recommended to expand the availability and variety of electric three-wheeler models.
Offering a range of options in point of seating capacity, design, and features will help gain a
wider customer base. Collaboration with manufacturers to develop affordable and reliable
electric three-wheelers that meet customer expectations is also advised.
Financial Assistance: Collaboration with financial institutions to offer attractive financing
options or leasing programs for electric three-wheelers is essential. This can help overcome
the perception of higher initial purchase costs and make electric vehicles more accessible to
customers.
Awareness and Knowledge: Conduct awareness campaigns, workshops, and educational
projects to improve understanding of customers about electric three-wheelers. Collaborate
with government agencies, NGOs, and electric vehicle manufacturers to provide accurate
information and dispel misconceptions.
 Conclusion:

This study explores the comparative study and customer perception towards three-wheeler
EVs and non-three wheeler, focusing on EV vehicles. The analysis provides both concise and
detailed information, ensuring a fair and well-conducted research process.
Respondents in the study considered various aspects By examining these influencing factors,
we gain useful information on customers' decision-making processes and the importance of
cultivating This research unveils the customer nature towards three wheeler Ev industry
The comparative study of customer perceptions between electric three-wheelers and non-
electric vehicles highlights several key findings. Electric three-wheelers are regarded by
customers as environmentally friendly, thanks to their lower emissions and reduced air
pollution. Although non-electric three-wheelers are initially perceived as more affordable,
customers increasingly recognize the long-term cost savings associated with electric vehicles,
including lower fuel and maintenance expenses. Moreover, electric vehicles are generally
considered to deliver similar or better performance and reliability compared to non-electric
vehicles.
To encourage the wider adoption of electric three-wheelers, it is crucial to raise awareness
regarding their environmental benefits and long-term cost advantages. Implementing
improvements in charging infrastructure, expanding the product range and availability,
providing financial assistance and conducting targeted awareness campaigns are
recommended strategies. By addressing customer perceptions, highlighting the benefits, and
overcoming existing barriers, the adoption of electric three-wheelers can be facilitated,
leading to a greener and more sustainable transportation future.

.
Scheme of Chapter

This chapter contains findings, suggestions and conclusion of Research conducted by using
analysis and interpretation