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    Digestive System Summary

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    Adele Smyth Harris
    The digestive system is responsible for ingesting, digesting, absorbing and eliminating food. It begins with ingestion and mechanical and chemical breakdown in the mouth, and progresses through the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, with digestion aided by enzymes and juices at each step, before elimination of waste.

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    Digestive System Summary

    Uploaded by

    Adele Smyth Harris
    14 views1 page
    The digestive system is responsible for ingesting, digesting, absorbing and eliminating food. It begins with ingestion and mechanical and chemical breakdown in the mouth, and progresses through the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, with digestion aided by enzymes and juices at each step, before elimination of waste.

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    The digestive system is responsible for ingesting, digesting, absorbing and eliminating food. It begins with ingestion and mechanical and chemical breakdown in the mouth, and progresses through the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, with digestion aided by enzymes and juices at each step, before elimination of waste.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views1 page

    Digestive System Summary

    Uploaded by

    Adele Smyth Harris
    The digestive system is responsible for ingesting, digesting, absorbing and eliminating food. It begins with ingestion and mechanical and chemical breakdown in the mouth, and progresses through the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, with digestion aided by enzymes and juices at each step, before elimination of waste.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Essential Anatomy & Physiology

    Digestive System Summary

     The digestive system is responsible for the ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination of
    food.

     The process begins in the mouth, where food is ingested and then broken down mechanically
    by the teeth and tongue, and chemically by saliva.

     Salivary amylase begins to break down starches (polysaccharides).

     The bolus leaves the mouth and passes through the pharynx and oesophagus into the
    stomach.

     In the stomach, acidic gastric juices are secreted to break down the food.

     The gastric enzyme pepsin begins to break down proteins into peptides.

     The food, now called chyme, passes through the pyloric sphincter into the small intestine. The
    small intestine produces alkaline intestinal juice to continue digestion.

     The first part of the small intestine is the duodenum. Here, bile (produced in the liver and
    stored in the gall bladder) and pancreatic secretions further aid the digestive process.

     Bile emulsifies lipids.

     Pancreatic amylase digests carbohydrates by breaking down polysaccharides into


    disaccharides.

     Trypsin and chymotrypsin continue to break down proteins into peptides.

     Lipase breaks lipids down into glycerol and fatty acids.

     The brush border enzymes maltase, sucrase and lactase complete the digestion of
    carbohydrates by breaking them down into monosaccharides.

     The brush border peptidases complete the digestion of proteins by breaking the peptides down
    into amino acids.

     As the food passes through the duodenum, jejunum and ileum, nutrients and about 90% of the
    water are absorbed.

     The chyme passes through the ileocaecal sphincter into the large intestine.

     The large intestine continues the absorption of water and nutrients, and prepares undigested
    food for expulsion as faeces.

     The faeces are expelled through the anus to complete the digestive process.
    Copyright © 2022 Essential Training Solutions Ltd.

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